精品资料（2021-2022年收藏的）美国政府版胜任能力中英文对照解析

1、MOSAIC Competencies: Information Technology Study 2000-2001General CompetenciesTitle Description Administration and Management 管理能力Knowledge of planning, coordination, and execution of business functions, resource allocation, and production. 具有计划制定、协调、业务发展、资源调配以及生产的知识。Arithmetic 计算能力Performs computa

2、tions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division correctly using whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages. 准确运用整体数字、分数、十进小数和百分数完成项目估算Attention to Detail 关注细节Is thorough when performing work and conscientious about attending to detail. 在工作进行中去关注细节Computers and Electronics

3、Knowledge of electric circuit boards, processors, chips, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming. 电路板、处理器、芯片、计算机软件、硬件包括软件应用和设计的知识Conflict Management 冲突管理能力Manages and resolves conflicts, grievances, confrontations, or disagreements in a constructive manner to minim

4、ize negative personal impact. 管理和分解冲突、委屈、对质以及政治。用建设性的方式将个人消极情绪减少到最低。Contracting/Procurement Knowledge of various types of contracts, techniques for contracting or procurement, and contract negotiation and administration. Creative Thinking 创新能力Uses imagination to develop new insights into situations

5、and applies innovative solutions to problems; designs new methods where established methods and procedures are inapplicable or are unavailable. 利用想象力在职位中显示出新的见解，并应用革新性的方案去解决问题。旧的方法和程序不适用没有收益，构思新的模式。Customer Service 服务意识Works with clients and customers (that is, any individuals who use or receive the

6、 services or products that your work unit produces, including the general public, individuals who work in the agency, other agencies, or organizations outside the Government) to assess their needs, provide information or assistance, resolve their problems, or satisfy their expectations; knows about

7、available products and services; is committed to providing quality products and services. 为客户和消费者服务，评估他们的需求、提供信息或协助，解决他们的问题，满足他们的期望；了解有效产品和服务；忠于产品质量和服务。Decision Making 决策能力Makes sound, well-informed, and objective decisions; perceives the impact and implications of decisions; commits to action, even

8、 in uncertain situations, to accomplish organizational goals; causes change. 制定合理的、全面的、客观的决策；察觉决策的效果和暗示；甚至在不明确的形势下付诸行动，完成组织的目标；促成变革。Economics and Accounting 经济核算能力Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, tax law and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis an

9、d reporting of financial data. 经济核算理论和实践，税法和实践，金融市场，银行业和金融资料的分析和报告的知识。Education and Training Knowledge of teaching, training, research, making presentations, lecturing, testing, and other instructional methods. 教学、培训、研究、制定Engineering and Technology 工程技术能力Knowledge of engineering concepts, principles

10、, and practices, and of equipment, tools, mechanical devices, and their uses to produce motion, light, power, technology, and other applications. External Awareness 外部感知能力Identifies and understands economic, political, and social trends that affect the organization. 辨别理解影响组织结构的经济、政治、社会趋势。Financial M

11、anagement 财务管理能力Prepares, justifies, and/or administers the budget for program areas; plans, administers, and monitors expenditures to ensure cost-effective support of programs and policies; assesses financial condition of an organization. 准备，证明或管理项目预算；计划、执行、监控支出以确保项目的支持和方针的有效花费。Flexibility 适应能力Is o

12、pen to change and new information; adapts behavior or work methods in response to new information, changing conditions, or unexpected obstacles; effectively deals with ambiguity. 接受改变和新的信息；制定行为和工作方式去适应新的信息，条件的改变和意外的状况；有效的处理不清晰的事情Information Management 信息管理能力Identifies a need for and knows where or h

13、ow to gather information; organizes and maintains information or information management systems. 识别需求，理解如何或哪里收集信息；组织和维护信息或信息管理系统Influencing/Negotiating 影响能力Persuades others to accept recommendations, cooperate, or change their behavior; works with others towards an agreement; negotiates to find mutu

14、ally acceptable solutions. 说服他人接受建议，合作和改变他们的行为；朝着一至方向工作；通过谈判寻求相互接受的解决方案。Integrity/Honesty Contributes to maintaining the integrity of the organization; displays high standards of ethical conduct and understands the impact of violating these standards on an organization, self, and others; is trustwor

15、thy. Interpersonal Skills 人际关系能力Shows understanding, friendliness, courtesy, tact, empathy, concern, and politeness to others; develops and maintains effective relationships with others; may include effectively dealing with individuals who are difficult, hostile, or distressed; relates well to peopl

16、e from varied backgrounds and different situations; is sensitive to cultural diversity, race, gender, disabilities, and other individual differences. 对他人表现理解、友善、谦恭、机智、关注、礼貌；发展和维护高校的人际关系；甚至包括与那些难以相处、敌对的、悲伤的个人有效的交际；结交各种背景和不同层次的人；对于文化差、种族、性别、能力以及个体差别的差异感觉敏锐。Leadership 领导能力Influences, motivates, and cha

17、llenges others; adapts leadership styles to a variety of situations. 影响、激励、挑战他人；对于不同的层次改变领导风格。Learning 学习能力Uses efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply new knowledge and skills; uses training, feedback, or other opportunities for self-learning and development. 运用有效的学习技巧去获得和应用新的知识和技能；利用培训、

18、反馈和其他机会学习和发展。Legal, Government and Jurisprudence 熟悉政府、法律规定Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, legal practices and documents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, government organization and functions, and the democratic political process. 法律、合法规定、法院程序、法律实

19、践和文档、政府规则、执行秩序、代理规则，政府组织形式及职责，民主政治推进。Managing Human Resources 人力资源管理能力Plans, distributes, coordinates, and monitors work assignments of others; evaluates work performance and provides feedback to others on their performance; ensures that staff are appropriately selected, utilized, and developed, and

20、 that they are treated in a fair and equitable manner. 计划、分类、匹配并监控他人的工作；评估绩效，提供反馈他们的工作成绩；确保员工恰当的选拔、运用和发展，运用公证、公平的方式。Mathematical Reasoning 数字推理Solves practical problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical and statistical techniques. 通过对多种精确的统计技巧恰当选择来解决实际问题。Memory记忆力Recalls infor

21、mation that has been presented previously.恢复已经出现的信息。 Mental Visualization 形象思维力Sees things in the mind by mentally organizing and processing symbols, pictures, graphs, objects, or other information (for example, sees a building from a blueprint, or sees the flow of work activities from reading a wor

22、k plan). 在脑中反映的事物通过智力组织和形象、图片、图表、物品和其他信息的处理。Oral Communication 口头信息传达能力Expresses information (for example, ideas or facts) to individuals or groups effectively, taking into account the audience and nature of the information (for example, technical, sensitive, controversial); makes clear and convinci

23、ng oral presentations; listens to others, attends to nonverbal cues, and responds appropriately. 与个人或组织高校的传递信息（例如：想法和现实）；重视听众和信息种类（例如：技术的、感觉的、争论的）；形成清晰令人心悦诚服的口头表达；聆听他人，关注非语言的暗示并作适当的反应。Organizational Awareness 组织意识力Knows the organizations mission and functions, and how its social, political, and tech

24、nological systems work and operates effectively within them; this includes the programs, policies, procedures, rules, and regulations of the organization. 了解团体的任务和职责，了解他的社会、政治、科技体系如何工作和如何有效的操作；这个包括纲要、方针、程序、规则和机构贵、规章制度。Perceptual Speed 灵敏感知力Quickly and accurately sees detail in words, numbers, pictur

25、es, and graphs. 快速准确看到消息、数字、图片和表格的细节。Planning and Evaluating 计划执行力Organizes work, sets priorities, and determines resource requirements; determines short- or long-term goals and strategies to achieve them; coordinates with other organizations or parts of the organization to accomplish goals; monitor

26、s progress and evaluates outcomes. 组织工作，制定优先权，确定资源需求，制定长期或短期的目标和战略去完成，与其他的组织或部门配合完成目标，监控进度和评估成果。Problem Solving 解决能力Identifies problems; determines accuracy and relevance of information; uses sound judgment to generate and evaluate alternatives, and to make recommendations. 识别问题；鉴别信息的精确度和中肯度；运用合理的判断

27、去产生和评估可供选择办法，然后进行建议。Public Safety and Security 公共安全与防御力Knowledge of the military, weaponry, and intelligence operations; public safety and security operations; occupational health and safety; investigation and inspection techniques; or rules, regulations, precautions, and prevention techniques for t

28、he protection of people, data, and property. Reading 理解力Understands and interprets written material, including technical material, rules, regulations, instructions, reports, charts, graphs, or tables; applies what is learned from written material to specific situations. 理解书面资料，包括技术资料、标准、规则、用法说明、报告、图

29、表；应用这些从书面资料中所学到的知识到特殊的情况中。Reasoning 推理力Identifies rules, principles, or relationships that explain facts, data, or other information; analyzes information and makes correct inferences or draws accurate conclusions. 识别解释事实、资料、信息的标准、原理或关系；分析信息和获得确定的推理或提出精确的论据。Self-Esteem 自我评价力Believes in own self-wort

30、h; maintains a positive view of staff and displays a professional image. 相信自己的价值；树立公司一个正确的观点和展示专业设想Self-Management 自我管理能力Sets well-defined and realistic personal goals; displays a high level of initiative, effort, and commitment towards completing assignments in a timely manner; works with minimal s

31、upervision; is motivated to achieve; demonstrates responsible behavior. 设立明确的、现实的个人目标；以恰当的方式展示高度的主动、努力和义务去完成工作；对最小限度的监督起作用；有目的性的完成；对行为有责任感。Strategic Thinking 战略思维能力Formulates effective strategies consistent with the business and competitive strategy of the organization in a global economy. Examines

32、policy issues and strategic planning with a long-term perspective. Determines objectives and sets priorities; anticipates potential threats or opportunities. 阐明与商业相关的有效战略和全球经济中组织的竞争战略。用长远的眼光去评估政策观点和战略计划。制定目标设置优先级；预见潜在的危机和机会。Stress Tolerance 压力忍受力Deals calmly and effectively with high stress situatio

33、ns (for example, tight deadlines, hostile individuals, emergency situations, dangerous situations). 在高度 压力下能够平和高效的处理事情。（例如，临近最终期限，敌对方，紧急事件， 危险状况）Teaching Others 教授Helps others learn through formal or informal methods; identifies training needs; provides constructive feedback; coaches others on how t

34、o perform tasks; acts as a mentor. 用正式或非正式的方式帮助别人学习；识别培训需求；提出建设性的反馈；指导他人如何完成任务；胜任顾问。Teamwork 合作力Encourages and facilitates cooperation, pride, trust, and group identity; fosters commitment and team spirit; works with others to achieve goals. 鼓励和促进合作、自尊、信任和团队一致，培养承担义务和团队精神，和他人配合工作达到目标。Technical Compe

35、tence 技术技能Uses knowledge that is acquired through formal training or extensive on-the-job experience to perform one's job; works with, understands, and evaluates technical information related to the job; advises others on technical issues. 利用通过正式培训获得的知识和丰富的工作经验去完成任务；配合、理解和评估技术信息与工作的关系；在技术问题上给他人建

36、议。Technology Application 技术应用能力Uses machines, tools, or equipment effectively; uses computers and computer applications to analyze and communicate information in the appropriate format. 有效的利用设计、工具或设备；运用计算机和应用软件去分析、传达信息用合理的方式。Vision 想象力Understands where the organization is headed and how to make a co

37、ntribution; takes a long-term view and recognizes opportunities to help the organization accomplish its objectives or move toward the vision. 知道机构的方向和如何为机构服务；接受长期的观点和抓住机会帮助机构达到目标。Writing 书面表达能力Recognizes or uses correct English grammar, punctuation, and spelling; communicates information (for exampl

38、e, facts, ideas, or messages) in a succinct and organized manner; produces written information, which may include technical material, that is appropriate for the intended audience. 运用正确的语法、标点符号和拼写；用简洁的有组织的方式传达信息；为有意向的人员提供适当的书面资料，包括技术材料。Technical CompetenciesTitle Description Accessibility 技术可达到的能力Kn

39、owledge of tools, equipment, and technologies used to help individuals with disabilities use computer equipment and software. 工具、设备、技术知识去帮助无能力个体院用计算机设备和软件。Artificial Intelligence 编程技能Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools used to design systems that perform human intelligence functions. 用原理

40、、方法和工具去设计系统完成人工智能的功能。Business Process Reengineering 商务程序设计Knowledge of methods, metrics, tools, and techniques of Business Process Reengineering. 商务程序设计的技巧和方法、工具知识Capacity Management 智能管理Knowledge of the principles and methods for monitoring, estimating, or reporting actual performance or the perfor

41、mance capability of information systems or components. 进行监测、评估和汇报目前执行情况或实际的信息系统执行情况和组成的原理和方法的知识Capital Planning and Investment Assessment投资计划以及利润预估 Knowledge of the principles and methods of capital investment analysis or business case analysis, including return on investment analysis. 进行资金投资分析或商业案例

42、分析，包括投资获利分析的原理和方法的知识。Computer Languages 计算机语言Knowledge of computer languages and their applications to enable a system to perform specific functions. 运用计算机语言和应用知识去用系统执行特殊的职责。Computer Forensics 计算机？Knowledge of tools and techniques used in data recovery and preservation of electronic evidence. 具备修复与保

43、存电子证据的方法和技巧Configuration Management 系统维护Knowledge of the principles and methods for planning or managing the implementation, update, or integration of information systems components. 计划管理执行、更新或信息系统综合组成的原理和方法的知识.Cost-Benefit Analysis 消费系统分析Knowledge of the principles and methods of cost-benefit analy

44、sis, including the time value of money, present value concepts, and quantifying tangible and intangible benefits. 消费系统分析，包括Data Management 数据管理Knowledge of the principles, procedures, and tools of data management, such as modeling techniques, data backup, data recovery, data dictionaries, data wareh

45、ousing, data mining, data disposal, and data standardization processes. 数据管理的原理、程序、使用原理的知识，例如技术模型、数据备份、数据恢复、数据查询、数据入库、数据储存、数据处理和数据程序标准化。Database Administration 数据库管理Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools for automating, developing, implementing, or administering database systems. 为自动、升级、执行、

46、管理数据库系统的原理、方法和工具的知识。Database Management Systems 数据库操作系统Knowledge of the uses of database management systems and software to control the organization, storage, retrieval, security, and integrity of data. 利用数据库操作系统和软件去控制数据的组成、储存、修复、安全和完整的知识。Distributed Systems 分布系统Knowledge of the principles, theoreti

47、cal concepts, and tools underlying distributed computing systems, including their associated components and communication standards. Electronic Commerce (e-Commerce) 电子商务Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools for conducting business online, including electronic data interchange. 能够进行在线商务操作包

48、括电子资料的交换的相关原理、方法、工具的应用知识。Embedded Computers Knowledge of specifications and uses of specialized computer systems used to control devices (for example, automobiles, helicopters), including the appropriate programming languages. 详细说明和使用专业的计算机系统去操作安装设备驱动程序，包括设计恰当的程序语言的相关知识。Encryption 加密技术Knowledge of p

49、rocedures, tools, and applications used to keep data or information secure, including public key infrastructure, point-to-point encryption, and smart cards. 能够保护数据和信息，包括点对点的编码和智能卡的相关程序、工具和应用软件的知识。Hardware 硬件Knowledge of specifications, uses, and types of computer or computer-related equipment. 详细说明计

50、算机的类型、使用和计算机相关的设备的知识。Hardware Engineering 硬件维护Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools for designing, developing, and testing computer or computer-related equipment. 能够运用相关原理、方法和工具去设计、升级和测试计算机和计算机相关设备。Human Factors 人性化设计理念Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools used to identify and ap

51、ply information about human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments for effective human use. 用相关的原理、方法和工具设计工具、机械、系统、任务、工作、环境为人类高效实用根据识别和应用人类行为、能力、局限和其他的性格特征的信息。Information Assurance 信息保护系统Knowledge of method

52、s and procedures to protect information systems and data by ensuring their availability, authentication, confidentiality, and integrity. 运用相关的方法和程序去保护信息系统和数据，确保他们的有效、验证、机密和完整。Information Resources Strategy and Planning 信息资源战略计划Knowledge of the principles, methods, and techniques of information techn

53、ology (IT) assessment, planning, management, monitoring, and evaluation, such as IT baseline assessment, interagency functional analysis, contingency planning, and disaster recovery. 原理、方法、信息技术评估，计划，管理，监测和评价，例如IT基线估价，功能分析，预估，错误恢复的知识。Information Systems Security Certification 信息系统的安全证明Knowledge of th

54、e principles, methods, and tools for evaluating information systems security features against a set of specified security requirements. Includes developing security certification and accreditation plans and procedures, documenting deficiencies, reporting corrective actions, and recommending changes

55、to improve the security of information systems. 相关的原理、方法和工具只是来评测 信息安全特征系统依靠一套必备的安全需要条件。包括发展中的安全证明和鉴定合格设计图和程序，提出不足，纠正报告，建议改变去改善信息系统安全。Information Systems/Network Security 信息系统和网络防御Knowledge of methods, tools, and procedures, including development of information security plans, to prevent information

56、systems vulnerabilities, and provide or restore security of information systems and network services. 拥有预防信息系统的弱点，提供和恢复信息系统安全并进行网络维护相关的方法工具和程序，包括信息安全设计的发展。Information Technology Architecture 信息技术体系Knowledge of architectural methodologies used in the design and development of information systems, inc

57、luding the physical structure of a systems internal operations and interactions with other systems. 建筑上的方法运用到信息系统的设计和发展，包括内在操作系统的内在物理结构和其他系统的交互作用。Information Technology Performance Assessment 信息技术性能预估Knowledge of the principles, methods, and tools (for example, surveys, system performance measures)

58、to assess the effectiveness and practicality of information technology systems. 原理、方法和工具（例如，测量，测量系统的性能）去评估信息技术系统的效力和实用性。Information Technology Research and Development 信息技术的研究与发展Knowledge of scientific principles, methods, and tools of basic and applied research used to conduct a systematic inquiry into a subject matte