(完整)初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案1(2)

1、初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。 that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, w

2、hich和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don t know why the train is late.3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。if 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否 ”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether

3、 (if) I could help him.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I think (that) you will likethis school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we ll havethe meeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果 主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如： I don t think (that) you are right.Can you tell me how I can get to the rail

4、way station?Do you think he will come tomorrow?2. 如果 主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从 句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是 客观真理 ，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the fir

5、st month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.注意！宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that 引，一般疑问句用if/whether,1特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念 : 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,He saidhe was good at drawing. ( 动词宾语 )He asks him how long M

6、ike has been down . ( 动词宾语 )Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. ( 介词宾语 )2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句 , 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whe

7、ther 和 if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用 ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用 whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if 当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.

8、Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时， 句式结构应为引导词 do you think 陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know （ if/whether he has seen the film ） ?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：I didn't know（ if/whether he had seen th

9、e film. ）注意： 当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象， 科学原理， 格言等， 从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said （ that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （ that light travels much faster than sound. ）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“ May I use your knife？ ” He asked me. He a

10、sked me if he might use my knife.“ Do you know her telephone number？ ” He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：2Who will give us a talk? I do n t know. I don t know who will give us a talk.Do you know ？ Where does he live? Do you know where he

11、 lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2. 当主句谓语动词是 hope， wish ，decide， forget ， plan， agree 等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成 “疑问词不定式结构 ”。例如：I don't k

12、now which sweaterI should buy. I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是 ask，tell, show, teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成 “疑问词不定式结构 ”,或者在连接代词 /副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词 /副词不定式 ”结构。如：Could you tell me how to get to thepark?4. 当主句谓语动词是 find ， see， watch ， he

13、ar 等感官动词时，从句常简化为 “宾语宾补 ”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell

14、me _ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him. A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how5.I didn t know _ he will come or

15、 notA. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ . A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this

16、 is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I don t know _ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I illB.have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesn t

17、say _.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _?3A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. i

18、s the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. w

19、here Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A.whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn t know_.A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch18.No

20、one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19.We don t know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether

21、did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21.Did you hear _? A. what did I sayB. what I said C. I said what D. what I say22.Can you tell me _?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which cl

22、assD. are you in which class23.-Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly.A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station24.Could you tell me where _ yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have goneD. you went25.Tom asked me

23、 _.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26.Excuse me, could you tell me _?A. where s the teachers officeB. where s the bus stationC. what s she doingD. where the post office is27.I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don t know _.A. she lives whereB. she

24、where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live28.- Go and ask Mr. White for help. -But I don t know _.A. where does he liveB. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29.- Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. wha

25、t he said30.Have you decided _ for London?A. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you goingD. when you are going31.Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show32.- What are you interested in about cook

26、ing food? - We are all interested in _.A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. How egg friesD. how does egg fry33.Do you know _? A. what it isB. what is itC. who is heD. whose name is it434. Do you know _?A. whose book is thisB. whose book this isC. this book is whoseD. who s book this is35. I don

27、t know _ now.A. where is my catB. my cat is whereC. where my cat isD. where my cat36. Does he know _?A. what s your nameB. what name is yourC. what your is nameD. what your name is37. Do you know _?A. which floor he livesB. which floor he lives onC. he lives on which floorD. which floor does he live

28、s on38. Tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is39. He hasn t decided _.A. if he ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xiC. if he goes on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi40. Can you see _?A. what he s readingB. what

29、is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what能力提高练习1.I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell youA. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If2.I don't know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether he'll c

30、ome3.Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. whatB. how C. whetherD. where4.Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mended5.I want to know _.A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is lookingC. whom is she lookingD. whom s

31、he is looking after6. Do you know where _ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live7.Do you know what time _?A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leave D. the train leaves8.I don't know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are oldB. how old are th

32、e two playersC. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are9.The small children don't know _.A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings10.I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas meanB. what Christmas d

33、oes meanC. what mean Christmas doesD. what Christmas means11.I don t know _ he will be back home.A. whoB. whatC. whenD. where12.Could you tell me _?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in13.Do you still remember _?A. that he saidB. what he said C

34、. did he say thatD. what did he say14.I can t understand _the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left15.She told me the sun _ in the east. A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen16.They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has go

35、ne C. how far/ wentD. how far / had run17.The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matterB. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what s the matter18.Can you tell me _?A. what are you doingB. where do you study C. what you were doingD. what to do it19.He asked his father _.A. where it hap

36、pensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen20.No one tells us_ ， so we need your help.5A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it21.Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking22._ he ll comenotoris

37、n t importantA.WhyB. IfC. WhetherD. What23.Would you like to know _they will do it or not.A. if B. that C. whetherD. why24. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set?， I ve Snorryidea.A./; boughtB. has; boughtC. did; buyD. did bought25.Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _

38、five years.A. how; anotherB. what; moreC. how ; otherD. what; another26. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone27. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _， we ll visit the museum

39、 instead.A. you have; will rainB. you will have; will rainC. you will have; rainsD. will you have; rains28.I don t know if he _tomorrow. If he， I ll meet him.A. will come; comesB. comes; comesC. will come; will comeD. comes; will come29.I really don t know if she_ it when she _.A. finds; arrivesB. f

40、inds ;will arriveC. will find; will arriveD. will find; arrives30.Can you make sure_. the gold ring?A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put31.- When are the Shutes leaving for New York?-Pardon? - I asked _.A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York

41、B. when the Shutes are leaving for New YorkC. when were the Shutes leaving for New YorkD. when the Shutes were leaving for New York32. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong isC. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to33. - Could yo

42、u tell me _?A. how many people have been out of hospitalB. when is ThanksgivingC. which animal does he like bestD. what time will the dolphin show start34.I want to know _.A. what is his nameB. what s his name C. that his name isD. what his name is35.He asked me _. A. if she will comeB. how many boo

43、ks I want to haveC. they would help us do itD. what was wrong with me36.Do you still remember _ at the meeting?A. that Jim saidB. what Jim saidC. did Jim said thatD. what did Jim said37. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please?- Go straight and take the second turning on the left.A. where the

44、 way isB. which the way isC. where is the wayD. which is the way38.-Can I help you? - Yes. I want a ticket to Suqian. Tell me _take to get there.A. how soon will itB. how soon it willC. how long it willD. how long will it39.- I hear we ll have a new teacher this term-Really?. Do you know _?A. what s

45、ubject does he teachB. what subject will he teachC. what subject he teachesD. what subject is he going to teach40.He asked his teacher _.A. if there was a monster in Loch NessB. when was Albert Einstein bornC. how would the scientists find out the resultD. where could he find the library41.Do you kn

46、ow _ over there?A. what happensB. what was happened C. what is happeningD. what did happen42.- Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon.A. whenB. whyC. ifD. where43.Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow?6A. how you will goB. how will you goC. how you have gone D. how hav

47、e you gone44.Could you tell me _?A. which room he livesB. which room he livedC. which room did he live inD. which room he lives in45.- Do you know _ he is? - He says“ 1.75 meters” , but I m not sure.A. how manyB. how oldC. how farD. how tall46.She said she _ me five letters in one month.A. has writt

48、enB. will writeC. had writtenD. wrote47.Can you tell me _ she is waiting for?A. whyB. whoseC. whomD. which48.I don t know _ he still lives hereA. whereB. whatC. whenD. whether49.- Be careful! Don t break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David?-Yes, mum.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. if50.I d like to know

49、_.A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher educationC. that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English evening51.Could you tell me _?A. when shall we startB. who are you waiting forC. where the bus station isD. why were you late52.- Do you know _? I m going to see-himSorry,. I don t know.A