1992年05月TOEFL语法讲解

1、1992 年 05 月语法题1.- principal types of acceleration: linear and angular.(A) There are tow(B) Two of them(C) The two(D) Two答案： A测试点： there be 句型分析： 空格后只剩下名词性的成份，应在答案中选择主谓结构或there+be 结构，即 (A) 2.East Liverpool, Ohio, -the pottery capital of the United States.(A) and called(B) is called(C) calling(D) to c

2、all答案： B测试点；谓语。分析： 本句有主语而缺谓语，应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词，即(C)(D) 均是非谓语形式，不可作谓语(B)。 (A) 多了连词and；3.True hibernation takes place only among -animals.(A) whose blood is warm(B) blood warm(C) warm-blooded(D) they have warm blood答案： C测试点：定语分析： 本句主谓宾俱全， animals 前缺定语，应在答案中选择形容词性的成份， 4 个答案中只有(C) 是形容词解题要点：分词的作用相当于形容词4.Lik

3、e other women -in the field of medicine, Sara Mayo found the beginning yearsdifficult.(A) who they pioneered(B) they pioneered(C) who pioneered(D) pioneered答案： C测试点：定语从句主谓结构分析： women 后接定语从句，从句连接词，主、谓语均缺，应在答案中选择连接词兼主语牛动词的形式即(C) 。 (A) 重复主语： (B)不是从句形式；(D) 无主语。5.In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describ

4、es what -the spiritual barrenness of societybrought about by science and technology.(A) he considers(B) does he consider(C) considers(D) considers it答案： A测试点：主谓结构词序分析： 动词 describes 后接 what 引导的宾语从句，从句主、谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语 +动词的形式，即 (A) (B)是问句语序，而宾语从句应用正常语序；(C)(D) 均无主语6.Green -have the power to make food fr

5、om substances found in the air and soil.(A) only plants(B) plants alone(C) the only plants(D) plants are alone答案： B测试点：词序分析：注意副词 only 与 alone 的区别 alone 应位于名词之后， 如 green plants alone 而 only 则应放在前面，即 only green plants 故选 (B)7.Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are i

6、nclined-high levels of self-confidence.(A) possess(B) have possessed(C) to possess(D) possessing答案： C测试点；习语。分析： Be inclined to do, 是固定短语。8.Writing pens are made in -of shapes, sizes, and colors.(A) endless variety an almost(B) variety an almost endless(C) an almost endless variety(D) almost variety

7、an endless答案： C测试点；习语 /词序分析： a(, )variety of 是固定短语，词序不可颠倒另外应注意，一个名词前面可以有数个形容词修饰，但冠词 a an 或 the 须置于最前面9.Under the guidance of choreographers, Martha Graham and Jerome Robbins, Americandance -new levels of artistic achievement.(A) reaching(B) has reached(C) reach(D) have reached答案： B测试点：谓语主谓数的一致分析： 本句

8、有主语而缺谓语，应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词主语是第三人称单数的dance，故选 (B) (A) 是非谓语形式，不可单独作谓语； (C)(D) 不可与第三人称单数的主语搭配。10. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found - higher plantscan survive.(A) there(B) wherever(C) somewhere(D) then答案： B测试点；从句连接词分析： found 后为表示地点的从句，从句主、谓俱全，所缺为连接词答案中只有 (B)可作状语从句的连接词 (A)

9、 、 (C) 及 (D) 均为副词11. Magnesium has a specific gravity of 1.74, which means that - 1.74 times as much as anequal volume of water.(A) it is weighed(B) weighing it(C) its weight(D) it weighs答案： D测试点：主谓结构.分析： 动词 means 后为 that 引导的宾语从句，从句主、谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语动词的形式，即(A) 或 (D) weigh 表示“重多少”时，为不及物动词，不用被动语态，故排除 (A

10、) ，选 (D) 。+12. Perhaps the primary - of adult education was industrialization, which accelerated thepace of socioeconomic change.(A) causes growth(B) cause of the growth(C) cause was growing(D) caused the growing答案： B测试点；主语分析： 本句所缺为主语，应在答案中选择名词性的形式，即(B) (A)(C)(D) 均含有动词解题要点：看到空格两边是the a,of 的结构，应在答案中选

11、择名词或名词词组13. - as the census taker of the sky Annie Jump Cannon contributed considerably tothe field of astronomy.(A) Known(B) Knowing(C) To know(D) Knowledge答案： A测试点：分词 /短语分析： Known as, 是固定短语，不用其他形式14. During adolescence many young people begin to question - held by their families.(A) values(B) of t

12、he values(C) the values are(D) are the values答案： A测试点：宾语分析：及物动词 question 后应接宾语， 故应在答案中选择名词作其宾语，即 (A) (B) 多介词；(C)(D) 多动词 are； (C) 如改为 the values that which are，成为接定语从句的形式，亦可。15. Coral reefs are - that teem with an abundance of exotic sea life.(A) when underwater landscapes(B) landscapes being underwa

13、ter(C) underwater the landscapes(D) underwater landscapes答案： D测试点；表语分析： 系动词 are 后接表语， 应在答案中选择形容词或名词性的成份作表语词，只有 (D) 为名词词组，故选(D) 答案中无形容16. Abraham Lincoln delivery his most famous address at the dedication of the soldiersABCcemetery in Gettysburg.D答案： A测试点：词性分析： delivery 是名词，但此处需一动词作谓语应为delivered17. S

14、talagmites are produced when water to drop directly to the floor of a cave.ABCD答案： C测试点：词形分析： to drop为不定式，不能作从句的谓语应为drops18. Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally, state, andAB CD federal governments.答案： D测试点；并列结构词性。分析： and 要求所连接的部分同词性、同形式。由故 (D)locally 应为 loc

15、al解题要点；看到划线的以否应为形容词and 连接的 state 和 federal 均为形容词，-1y 结尾的副词，应注意其是否错用，是19. The poet Marianne Moore was initially associated with the imagist movement, but laterAdevelops her own rhyme patterns and verse forms.BCD答案： B测试点：时态一致并列结构分析： 并列连词but 相联的前后两个句子通常要求动词时态一致故developed(B)应为一股过去时20. The most worst eco

16、nomic reversal of the twentieth century, the Great Depression of theAB1930s, began in the United states and spread abroad.CD答案： A测试点；最高级。分析： worst 是 bad 的最高级形式，前面无需加most。解题要点；最高级形式重复与比较级形式重复的题型性质相同21. Many narcotic plants and its products, such as nicotine, are effective in controllingABCDinsects.答案

17、： B测试点：代词数的一致分析： 代词的数应与其所代名词一致此处its 为单数，指代的却是复数的plants，故应为their 解题要点：注意划线代词的数与其所代名词是否一致22. In some occupations, the computer has already replaced the motor vehicle as theA B C principal conserve of time and laboring.D答案： D测试点：井列结构。分析： and 要求两边连接的成份同词性、同性质and 前为名词time，and 后也应用名词。应为 labor。23. Farming

18、becomes more expensive when farmers are forced to apply greater quantities ofAcostly fertilizers for to sustain yields.BCD答案： C测试点；多词分析： to sustain 是动词不定式，前面不能加介词for 多余24. The metaphors we use routinely are the means which by we describe our everydayexperiences.ABCD答案： B测试点：词序介词+which 结构分析： 介词 by 应放

19、在它的宾语前，不能接在宾语后，应为by which25. Scientists finding out that the universe is even larger and more complex than anyone hasA B C ever imagined.D答案： A测试点：词形/谓语分析： 动词的 -ing 形式属非谓语形式，不能单独作谓语应为find26. Because their properties differ from those of their constituents, proper alloys can greatA B C increase the c

20、orrosion resistance of a metal.D答案： C测试点：词性分析： great 是形容词，但修饰动词increase 要用副词应为greatly27. The ability to retain a mental record of earlier experiences are referred to as memory.ABCD答案： D测试点；主谓数的一致。分析： 主语是单数的ability ，助动词不能用复数的are。应为is.解题要点；当名词主语后面带有较长的修饰成分时，应特别留意主语与谓语的数是否一致28. The aging process is not

21、 entirely determined by heredity, but is influenced by differentA B C environmental and social circumstances as good.D答案： D测试点：习语/词性分析： and,as well 是固定短语，不用good29. The waterwheel is a mechanism designed to harness energy from a source instead thanABCDanimals.答案： D测试点：习语分析： other than是固定短语，不用instead3

22、0. If they are prepared skillfully, soybeans they can be appetizing as well as nutritious.ABCD答案： B测式点：多词主语分析： 主语是 soybeans， they 多余31. Studies of either vision and physical optics began almost as early as civilization itself.ABCD答案： A测试点； either,or, 和both,aud, 的用法。分析： 考题中这两个结构常见被错误搭配。后文是and而不是or,故e

23、ither应为both32. James Whitcomb Riley, the Hoosier Poet, wrote many of his work in standardAEnglish,but he wrote his most popular poems in the dialect of his home state, Indiana.BCD答案： A测试点： many 和 much 的用法分析： 考题中常见这两个词被相互错用则修饰不可数名词，后接单数名词句中manywork修饰可数名词， 后接名词的复数形式；much为不可数不能用many 修饰，应用much33. The ci

24、ty of Green Bay, established in 1745, was the first permanent settler in Wisconsin.ABCD答案： C测试点：近义词分析： settler 指人，意为“定居者”；而主语是city，表语应当用指地方的settlement34. Whichever they may differ widely in function, all cells have a surrounding membraneA B C and an internal, water-rich substance called cytoplasm.D答

25、案： A测试点；词性。分析： Whichever是代词，而此处修饰整个从句应用副词However ，不能用代词。35. Booker T. Washington, an educational leader, worked throughout the lifetime toABCimprove economic conditions for Black people in the United States.D答案： C测试点；代词分析： 根据句意， (C)Lifetime- time 特指主语 Booker T.Washington 的一生，所以应用具有特指限定作用的代词 his36. In the Middle Ages, books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describeAanimals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits.BCD答案： B测试点：词性并列结构分析： 连词 or 要求它所连接的成份同词性、同形式 or 前为形容词 real，or 后也应是形容词imaginary ，不用动词 imagine37. Pu