动词不定式可以作以上各种成分

1、主动形式被动形式一般式(not) tomake(not) to be made完成式(not) tohave made (not) to have been made(not) to进行式完成进行式（notbe makingto have been making一作定语 a于被修饰的名词或代词之后。 The next train to arrive is from Washington. 表示将來的动作 Have you anythin, to be taken to your sister?只有动宾关系.则需用被动语态 Do you have anything to say on the q

2、uestion?与被修饰词之间有动宾关系同时与句中其它词之间 又有逻辑上的主谓关系时.尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态如是不及物动词,Would you please give me some paper to write on?与被修饰词之间有动宾关系 则需加介词 不定式作定语时=定语从句*例to arrive=that will arrive。二、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将來动作：动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people,严I主语和表语都是不定式时其含义一是条件一是结果（例 My chie

3、f purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe mat ter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.时，或以what引严I主语是 aim, duty, hope, idea, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion 等为中心词（例） 导的名词性分句（例）不定式说明主语的内容： Our work is serving the people, What he likes is taking a walk after supper.句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以

4、转换，如Serving thepeople is out work, The story told by Mr, Wang is interesting. 而句中是现在分词作表语.说明主语的性质.状态, 三、作宾补 1）动词+宾语+不定式（3 do）Advise allow appoint believecausechallengecommand compelconsiderdeclare driveenable encourage find forbidforceguess hireimagine impelinduceinform instructinvite judge know lik

5、e orderpermitpersuaderemind reportrequestrequire selecttrust understand urge warnstreet.send state suppose tell think trainFather will not allow us to play on the 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍I found him lying on the ground.用分词做宾补（现在分词表达主动也表达正在进行过去分词表达 被动） =1 found it important to learn.先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to do=I found

6、 that to learn English is in?)ortant.带一个从句2） to + be的不定式结构，作宾补的动词。Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare（声称）， discover, fancy（设想），feelfind, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see（理解）， show, suppose, take （以为）suppose,understandWe consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤

7、姆是班上最好的学生之一3） to be +形容词Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish,desire, want, plan, expect, meanThe book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这木书没什么总思。4） there be+不定式believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstandWe didn

8、't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里& 5） as短语做补语如regard.Mary took him as her fatherthink believe, take, consider, .玛丽把他'勺作自己的父亲。四：作状语in order to, so as to, 以便）Toonly to (仅仅为了so (such) as to(如此He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班午2)作结果状语.表事先没有预料到的要放在句

9、子后而。What have I said to make you angry.3）表廉WI'm glad to see you.The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on 肖动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式结构的末尾。五、作主语动词不宦式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用敢数其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式a于句首。如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式S后$) ：”

10、不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is-" to的句型(tft)It is to believeto see.（对）To see is to believe,百闻不如一见oA.作宾语1）动词+不定式 Want to do be warned not to do 被动2）动词+不定式二动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wishI want to speak to Tom.我想和汤谈话eI wa

11、nt you to speak to Tom,我想让你和汤姆谈话。3）动词+疑问词+ to （疑问词帶不定式在句中作成分时.iF/语动词用贰数decide, know consider forget, learn,remember,show, understand, see,tellwonder, hear, find out, explain,Please show us how to do that.请演示给我们女II何去做The question is how to put it into practice, 问題是怎样把它付诸实施.4）有童动词只能跟不定式作宾语二接that引寻的从句。

12、I decided to ask for my money back.I decided that I would ask for my money back.5）.十复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后.HP：主语+动词+ it +补语+ to do句式。He feels it his duty to help the poor.语态在The" be结构中修饰主语的不定式可川被动也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的

13、恿思不同如：These is nothing to do now. ( We have nothing to do now. ) There is nothing to be done now. (We can do nothing now.)(2)时态1）现在时：一股现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生有时发生在谓语动词的动作之He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I* 11 see you again.我希望再见到你。 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前.2)He3)seems t

14、o have caught a cold.进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生He4)seems to be eating something, 完成进行时：She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who, what, which> when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、 表语等。如： When to leave for London (When we shall leave) has not be

15、en decided yet. Mr. Smith didn* t know whether to leave or stay there. I asked Professor Xuhow to learn English veil, (how I could learn) The question was where to get the medicine needed.以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分均可转换为相应的从句形式如：epWhenwe shall leave*how I could learn 经常在这种结构中使川的动词有J consider, decide, discover, e

16、xplain, find out. forget, hear, knew, learn, observe, understand, wonder 等。+do1）情态动词C 除 ought 外.ought to):2）使役动词3）感官动词4)let, have, make：（在被动语态中则to不能省掉）I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.would rather, had better：5)6)7)Why why not ：help 可带 tOr 也可不带 to, help sb (to) do sth；but和except： but前是to do时，后巾|出现的动词用dowants to do nothing but go out. 比较：He wants