How to Train Students’ Communicative Competence in English Teaching

1、How to Train Students Communicative Competence in English TeachingAbstract：English is the means of communication, the aim of English teaching is to train students ability to use the target language in real communication. In order to make students use it freely, on one side, the teacher should teach

2、English as a communicative tool and try the best to make the teaching course communicative. Teaching activities should be combined closely with using English for communication. According to students needs, the teacher teaches what they want to use. Not only teaching the knowledge of English, the tea

3、cher but also should develop the students communicative competence in English by drilling. On other side, the main aim of learning foreign language to obtain the communicative competence. The students also should learn English as a communicative tool. They practice more and more efficiently in class

4、 or out of class and break away from textbook-centered, classroom-centered, teacher-centered, learn how to exchange the thought with this kind of language, do the practical thing. Only unite the teaching and learning closely, the communicative competence of the middle school students could be improv

5、ed.Key words: train, communicative competence, communicative tool摘 要：英语是一种交际工具，英语教学的目的就是培养学生使用这种交际工具的能力。为了使学生具有这种能力，一方面，老师应该将英语当交际工具来教，力争做到英语课堂教学交际化，教学活动要和以英语进行交际紧密地联系起来，要根据学生的需要，用什么就教什么，不能只是单纯地教英语知识，而是通过操练，培养学生用英语进行交际的能力。另一方面，学习外语的根本目的是为了获得交际能力，学生也应将英语当交际工具来学，多多练习，善于练习，无论在课堂内还是在课外，要突破课本中心，课堂中心，教师中心

6、，学会用这种语言交流思想，做实事。在教与学的密切结合下，中学生的交际能力方能登上一个新的台阶。关键词：培养，交际能力，交际工具ContentsContentsiAbstractii摘要iiiIntroduction11. Training Students' Ability of Social Culture 22. Improving Students' English Language Sense 43.     Making Teaching Course Communicative63.1 Creating a democrati

7、c and compatible atmosphere6 3.2 Making a series of communicative activities6 3.3 The teachers exemplary role74. The Language Drilling8 4.1 Let students speak more by the answer-question method8 4.2 Carrying on a special oral English practice in class95. Breaking Away From Textbook-centered, Classro

8、om-centered, Teacher- centered 105.1 Breaking away from textbook-centered105.2 Breaking away from classroom-centered105.3 Breaking away from teacher-centered11Conclusion 13Bibliography 14Acknowledgement15 15IntroductionEnglish is a kind of tool for communication. The purpose of English teaching is t

9、o train students to train students to use this kind of tool, that is, training students communicative competence. Dell hymens write papers on Communicative Competence, he thought communicative competence entails knowing not only the language code or the form of language, but also what to say to whom

10、 and how to say it appropriately in any given situation.1 Communicative competence is trained while using; whether this kind of ability has been trained or not checked while using too. So the most important content of communicative approaches is using language to learn and learning to use language.2

11、 The best way is to unite teaching and using to consider in English teaching. According to the needs of students, teachers should choose some practical English materials to teach students and tell them how to use the knowledge what they have learnt. The teachers or students do not only teach or stud

12、y the knowledge of English, but drill and train students to express their feelings and thoughts to other people in English. Teachers should try their best to utilize the teaching aid, create the proper scene and guide student into a virtual world which will not only enable students to be interested

13、in English, but also to let them know how to use English correctly in concrete communicative situation. The teachers should try to make students like learning, studying diligently, studying efficiently. Gardner has consistently found that his desire and attitude to learn the language have been stron

14、gly influenced by his achievement.3 So teachers should give students praise as much as possible, encourage them to love learning and studying with their achievement including their ability and their figure. Whats more, they should try to combine the learning and teaching closely and make students ad

15、vance independently along the correct track even when they are often break away from the teachers.The communicative foreign language teaching thought receives sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic especially emphasize communicative nature, communicative purpose, communicative course, and meaningful s

16、tudy in class on out of class and creative language under the guidance of rule. How to put these theories into practice? It is really an arduous task of English teaching in middle schools. 1. Training Students' Ability of Social Culture Hymes said the foreign language teaching is for the pu

17、rpose of guiding the student "when in to be supposed to speak, when shouldn't speak, discuss any to who in when or where by what way." Looking from this significance that, we can know the language communicative teaching and the cultural teaching are two inseparable parts.  &#

18、160; The language and the culture have inseparable relations, the different nationality's culture has all sorts of profound cultural difference, this kind of difference can cause the study barrier, the communication barrier. The communicative competence and the cultural consciousness improved sh

19、ould be a synchronization. In English teaching, only enhancing unceasingly the cultural difference sensitivity, can better grasp and utilize this language. The practice proved that, only studying the language knowledge purely but did not understand the culture of the English-speaking country, is una

20、ble to carry on the communication well. English teaching goal is to train students' ability of utilizing English, in which should include the social culture ability. The cultural element teaching should become the important content of English teaching in the middle school.

21、60;   Firstly, the teacher must develop students' cross-culture consciousness, strengthen students' cultural difference sensitivity and the compatibility. In the teaching course, the teacher should introduce more background knowledge, manners, custom and so on.  

22、0; Secondly, the teacher should encourage students to contact more original edition of England and America, like the publication, the magazine, the movie and so on.    Thirdly, the teacher should make full use of the modernization teaching method, like multimedia, slide show, audio an

23、d video, which causing the teaching more vivid. Also using the Internet, teacher can obtain more cultural information.Fourthly, as a main operator in the teaching course, the teacher also must diligently consummate own knowledge structure level, utilize each kind of cultural difference to the classr

24、oom in so that students' communication competence to be improved.2. Improving Students' English Language Sense English language sense plays a very important role in the English teaching and utilization. It is the people's feeling to English language, including people's feeling to Eng

25、lish pronunciation, meaning, emotional color of the language and so on.It's also the people's direct sensation ability to English language. The language sense comes from the language practice, also instructs the language practice, just like the ball games athlete wants to make the good shot

26、to have to be familiar with the ball, the swimming athlete must have the good river character, does music the human must have the good musical sense to be same, if you want to study and use English well, should have the good language sense. In the language utilization, the people sometimes felt look

27、s like pleasing to the eyes, sounds pleasing to the ear, said freely spoken, but does not talk clearly its reason, this is in fact the language sense is having an effect .The different individual because the ability of feeling language and the quantity of the language practice is different but has t

28、he difference, therefore some people can guess accurately that others want to express from others' pronunciation, intonation, expression, the movement and so on. Although the language sense can produce inevitably along with accumulating the language practice, but the teacher also should realize

29、the existence and positive role of the language sense, and take the effective action to go to improve students' language sense consciously. As the matter stands, it establishes a powerful cornerstone for training students' communicative competence.Firstly, the teacher should train stude

30、nts to get used to consider in English. In the teaching course, the teacher should persist the teaching principle "uses English as far as possible, suitably uses the mother tongue". By this, the teacher can reduce students' dependence to the mother tongue.    Secondly, l

31、et students do more language practice. Generally speaking, reading has two forms: intensive reading and extensive reading. Similarly, listening, speaking and writing also have this division. The intensive teaching can effectively help the students rapidly to grasp the language rule, improv

32、e their abilities of language practice. The extensive teaching is helpful to the students grasping the rule firmly. In a word, the student should combine two reading forms to improve own language sense.    Thirdly, the teacher should get students into the habit of accumulating the kno

33、wledge. In the teaching course, the teacher should request the student to have the habit of noting, let the student pay more attention to record some useful words, phrases, splendid sentences and short passages as necessary, but also let them to glance through frequently or to recite. By this way, i

34、t lays the solid foundation for improving the language utilization ability and the language sense.     Fourthly, the teacher should help students to know more about the cultural difference between China and the West. The language is a kind of communicative tool. If not

35、understand others' cultural background that you communicate with, you can't carry on the communication very well.3. Making Teaching Course Communicative3.1 Creating a democratic and compatible atmosphereMaking teaching course communicative should make sure the teacher exchange her idea

36、with her students, and students exchange their ideas with one another. So, its always teachers great concern to inspire students to speak out their feelings and thoughts. So it needs to create a democratic and compatible atmosphere in class. However, how to create this atmosphere? As a teacher, firs

37、tly, he must respect, concern about and treat every student equally. Consequently, there are friendly and equal relationships between the teachers and students. In the class, the student could express his own idea relaxedly and freely. At this time, teacher is the guider, organizer and admirer of th

38、e students communicative activities.3.2 Making a series of communicative activities They adopt true language material to teach English, set good example do things with the language, and design some speaking activities such as situational dialogues, discussion, telling a story etc. to make the commun

39、icative activities run through the classroom all the time. Jeremy Harmer thought the speaking activities tend to follow the same basic pattern: Engaged-Activate-Study, that is, the teachers get students interested in the topic. The students do the task while the teacher watch and listen and they stu

40、dy any language issues that the teachers have identified as being problems.4 According to this pattern, teachers design the speaking activities. As a whole, there are four kinds of speaking activities. In the describing activities, Teacher shows some beautiful cards and talks about them simply, then

41、 asks some students to describe the cards in English with their own words. In survey activities, teachers can follow the four steps. The first step is giving students a topic which they like; the second is guiding them to be engaged with the topic; the third is prompting them to move quickly to acti

42、vate stage; the fourth is encouraging them to discuss with other people. In discussion activities, the teacher gets students to conduct questionnaires and surveys, and then make them design and use surveys and questionnaires about any topic like smoking, TV Watching etc. In role-play activities, tea

43、chers design many kinds of scenes, persuade students to take part in. When doing these activities, teachers should not only create more chance for students to speak, but also encourage students to take expression accompanied by gesture, movement while speaking English. They should try their best to

44、move the communicative occasion in real life into the classroom and use English studied in the classroom to create these terms in daily life for students. 3.3 The teachers exemplary roleIn order to make the teaching course communicative, the teachers exemplary role are particular important. The teac

45、hers give lessons with the help of posture, make full use of gesture and movement to increase the strength of speaking, inspire students study interest, help students memory, raise teaching result, fully utilize the chance that teachers and students exchange in English in class. All teachers activit

46、ies in class will go on in English, such as organizing teaching, explaining, assigning the homework, answering the question etc. Apply English taught by teachers to the communication of students and teachers, expand and capture the field where English be used. In this way, the ability and habit that

47、 students use English could be formed.4. The Language DrillingTeachers should pay attention to the drilling and using of English inclass, also should lead students to use English in extracurricular activities and real life. Drilling is for using; using is for inspection and expansion of drilling. Un

48、iting the two could realize the purpose of English teaching.4.1 Let students speak more by the answer-question methodPractice makes perfect, as people say. In order to train students communicative competence, teachers should encourage students to speak more, practice more. To achieve this purpose, t

49、eachers should pay more attention on the design of how to raise some questions in class. By answering these questions, the students could review and consolidate some vocabularies, sentence patterns studied, whats more, exchange their ideas with others. But the purpose of English teaching is to train

50、 students to speak out their own feeling and thought to communicate with others, not to make students grasp the form of language simply. So, the teacher should let the student do some meaningful and communicative practice in class. Such as connect ones own reality, utilize the words and sentence pat

51、terns in the text, narrate ones own thought, discuss the experience and harvest after study. 4.2 Carrying on a special oral English practice in classIn the middle school, most of the students dont have enough courage to speak English. There are different reasons. First, some students have no confide

52、nce in speaking English, because that they are not good at English learning. Second, that is the important reason, there are lack of atmosphere and pressure to speak English in our country. However, at present, classroom is still the main occasion for teaching. So, the teacher should carry on a spec

53、ial oral English practice regularly in class, pick out topics that the students are interested in, let students open the mouths to speak English. Even if only take possession of five-to-ten minutes in class, providing have a long-term persistence, students ability of expressing English must be impro

54、ved. 5. Breaking Away From Textbook-centered, Classroom- centered, Teacher-centered5.1 Breaking away from textbook-centeredThe modern foreign language teaching should pay attention to the textbook, but if its totally fettered by the textbook, not merely the teaching method will be sluggish, teaching

55、 is limited, and the important thing is that it cannot reach the purpose to communicate. So the teachers should increase the introduction of the language material like CD, English tape, English picture cards, multimedia course-soft etc. in teaching. They use the means of teaching with audio-visual a

56、ids like Internet, multimedia etc while utilizing the textbook, increase gradually the language materials close to the level of the textbook.6 In this way, the students have more chance to get in touch with the vocabularies, grammar and pronunciation studied in the textbook through extensive vivid m

57、aterial, they find English is easy and think something actively. Thus methods of English study reach high realm, especially students study interest heighten and last long, the information of the language is increased and apt to absorb. Students can feel deeply soon that English on the books is nothi

58、ng but a kind of written symbol of the real interesting communicative tool, and really lies in expressing, receiving, transmitting the message meaningfully, they will utilize it to study, understand, enjoy, create life.5.2 Breaking away from classroom-centeredAt present, classroom is the main occasi

59、on for teaching, but training communicative competence in several ten minutes in the classroom is nothing but a kind of good hope. No matter how the teachers design meticulously, how students cooperate hard, if there is no close cooperation before and after class, it will be very difficult to realize this hope. As a tool of communication language becomes a part of mankind life. The