初中状语从句讲解及习题含答案

1、-.一状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置 状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比拟等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。二状语从句详解1. 时间状语从句引导词用法例如-优选when意为“当 的时 候。when 引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬 间动词 。并且when 有时表示“就在那时a liar is not believed when he speaksthe truth.说谎者讲真话时也

2、没有人相信。when he arrives, i ll call you.when you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while意为“在的时候，在的同时。while 引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性while i was standing at the window, i saw several boys running along the street.的，发生时间较长，并强 调主句和从句的动作同时 发生或者相对应。while 有时还可以表示比照。while john was watching tv, his wife was cooking.as意

3、为“一边一边。as 引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生； as 也可以强调一前一后。the writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to london because someone had invadedhis “ space.he smiled as he stood up.after意为“在之后。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关系与 before 引导的从句相反。withmanyhungryvisitorswaiting, dont stay too long at yourt

4、ableafteryouhavefinished.if an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意为“在之前。引导的从句不用否认形式的谓语，并且当 before 引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现you cantwatch tvbefore you finish your homework.before it ended, the theatre was almost empty.my father had left for canada just befor

5、e the letter arrived.在时；如果 before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时， 那么主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便表达动作的先后。till意为“直到。一般情况下可以和 until 互换。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否认形式； 如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否认形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。she didnt even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.the fireman worked very hard

6、till the fire was out.until意为“直到。在强调句型中多用 until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否认形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否认形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。i m waiting for my sister. i wont go to see my uncle until she es.wait until i finish what i am doing.since意为“自从，从以来。i have been studying hard since i引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词。一般情况下， 从

7、句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时。但在 itis + 时 间+since 从句 的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。entered the high school.it is four years since my sister lived in beijing.it is five years months since our boss was not in beijing.as soon as意为“一就。引导时间状语从句时，如果主句用了将来时，从句一般使用现在时。tom will call me as soon as he gets home.i will call yo

8、u as soon as i arrive.2. 地点状语从句引导词用法例如where意为“哪里。“where 引导的地点状语从句，there+主 句 “ 哪 里 哪 里就。主句在从句后面 时，there 可用可不用； 主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用 there.where there is a will, there is a way.theyweregoodpersons.where they went, there they were warmly weled.you should have put the book where you found it.wherever意 为 “ 无

9、论 何 地 。anywhere/wherever引导地点状语从句 + 主句。 anywhere 本身是个副词，但是常可以 引导从句，相当于连词，意 思相当于 wherever, anywhere 引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而 wherever 本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处。wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.ill go anywhere you go.3. 条件状语从句引导词用法例如if连词，意为“假设，如果。当主句是将来时的时候， 从句要用一般现在时。don ttalkloudlyatthe meeting. i

10、f you do, you will haveto leave.wellgoforapiicifit doesn t rain this weekend.unless连词，意为“除非=ifnot 。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you are asked to do so.时。i wont go there unlessyou e with me.4. 原因状语从句引导词用法例如as意为“因为。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方的原因，语气比 since弱，较为正式， 位置较为灵

11、活常放于主句之前。as the weather is cold, i stay at home.as it is raining, youd bettertake a taxi.as you are tired, youd better rest.since意为“因为。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示的、显然的理由 通 常 被 翻 译 成 “ 既然，较为正式， 语气比because弱。since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.sincethe race is in a

12、pril, i had to run throughout the winter, and in boston, winters are cold. since everybody is here. let's begin our meeting.because意为“因为。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语thewomanpreferswinterbecause she can skate.idliketocollectstamps气较强，最适合 why 引导的疑问句。because引导的原因状语从句有时可以与because they are interesting.

13、 imverytiredthese days because of studying physics.because o短f语互换。he can t e because he is ill. = he cant e because of his illness.for意为“因为。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for 引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。he must be ill, for he is absent today.he could not have seen me, for i was not ther

14、e.5. 目的状语从句引导词用法例如so that意为“以至，以便。目的状语的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would 等情态动词。try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.mr. green speaksvery loudly sothat all the people can hear him clearly.in order that意为“为了，相当于 so that. in order to 后面可以跟动词原形构成目的状 语，不是目的状语从句。we shall

15、let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6. 结果状语从句引导词用法例如so that意为“如此以至于。so+ adj./adv.原级 +that, so 是副词，只能修饰形容词和副词。so 还可与表示数量的形 容 词 many, few, much, little( 这四个形容词表示多或少时 ) 连用 ,形成固定搭配。so+ many 或 few+ 复数可数名词 +that; so+ much 或 little+ 不可数名词 +that.thisyear ithas rained

16、so heavily insouth china that lots of problems are caused. the ice on the lake was so thin that people couldntskateon it.too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present.there are so few notebooksthat i can t give you any.such.that意为“如此以至于。有三种构造：such+a(an)

17、+adj.+单 数不 可it s such a wonderful song that we all like it.simonissuchdishonest数名词+that; such(+adj.)+不可数名词 +that; such( + adj.)+ 复数可数名词 +that, such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。有时可与 so that 句型转换。person that no one believes him.the boy is so young that hecant go to school.= he is such a young boy that he cant go to

18、 school.7. 让步状语从句引导词用法例如though意为“虽然。不能和but连用。但是可以同yet(still) 连用，构成 thoughyet(still). though 较普遍，常用于非正式的口语和书面语中。 even 能和 though 组合表示强调， 在 这 里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使 也)。though 可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为 all the same(还 是 ； 仍 然 ) 或however(可是；然而 )。so it has lived up to now though it isn't

19、 strong at all.though they are twin brothers, they don t look like each other.even if/ even though we could afford it, we wouldafford it, we wouldn t go abroad for our vacation.although意为“虽然。不能和butalthoughhediedseveral连用。但是可以同 yet(still) 连 用 ， 构 成althoughyet(still). although 较为正式，语气比 though重， 常用以强调让

20、步概念。 even 不能和 although 组合。years ago, i can still remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8. 比拟状语从句引导词用法例如as as.意为“和一样。表示同级的比拟。使用时要注 意第一个 as为副词，第二个 as 为连词。其根本构造为： as+adj./adv.原级+as。假设有修饰成分，

21、如 twice, three times, half, a quarter 等，那么须置于第一个as 之前。she is very good at painting. she can paint as well as here teacher.i ran out as quickly as possible.not as / soas意为 “ 和 不一样 ， 不如。也表示同级比拟。she is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.thisdictionary is notas/souseful as you think.9. 方式状语从句引导词用法例如as/

22、(just)as.so意为“犹如，就像。引导的方式状语从句通常 位 于 主 句 后 ， 但 在when in rome, do as the romans do.as water is to fish, so air is(just)as.so构造中位于to man.句首，这时 as 从句带有比喻的含义，意为“正 如， 就像， 多用于正式文体。as if/ as though意为“就像，好似。两者的意义和用法一样， 引出的状语从句谓语多用 虚拟语气， 表示与事实相反，有时也用述语气， 表示所说情况是事实或实 现的可能性较大。 常译作“仿佛似的， 好似似的。if would never forg

23、et here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age.it looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.练习一一. 单项填空1. hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.a. thoughb. sincec. ford. so2. -do you know if heto play basketball with us"-i think he will e if hefree tomorrow.a. es; i

24、sb. es; will bec. will e; isd. will e; will be3. in the zoo if a child into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may euphim.a. will fall; to helpb. falls; to helpc. will fall; helpd. falls; helping4. i dont rememberhe worked in that city when he was young.a. whatb. whichc. whered. who5. we will st

25、ay at home if my auntto visit us tomorrow.a. esb. ec. will ed. is ing6. the police askedthe childrencross the streetthe traffic lights turned green.a. not; beforeb. dont; whenc. not to; untild. not; after7. i was late for classyesterdaythere was something wrong with my bike.a. whenb. thatc. untild.

26、because8. i ll go swimming with you if ifree tomorrow.a. will beb. shall bec. amd. was9. in the exam, theyou are,themistakesyou will make.a. careful; littleb. more careful; fewestc. more careful; fewerd. more careful; less10. you should finish your lessonsyou go out to play.a. beforeb. afterc. whend

27、. while11. i hurriedi wouldn t be late for class.a. sinceb. so thatc. as ifd. unless12. when you read the book, youd better make a mark you have any questions.a. whichb. thatc. whered. though13. the teacher raised his voiceall the students could hear him.a. forb. so thatc. because d. in order14. he

28、took off his coathe felt hot.a. because b. asc. ifd. since15. it is that wed like to go out for a walk.a. a lovely dayb. too lovely a dayc. so lovely a day d. such lovely a day16. mary hadmuch work to do that she stayed at her office all day.a. suchb. soc. tood. very17. i felt very tired, i tried to

29、 finish the work.a. althoughb. because c. asd. as if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.a. withb. since c. whiled. as19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.a. so long asb. inorder thatc. no matter howd. the moment20. write to me as soon as youto beijing.a. will getb. getc. gettingd.

30、 got二. 根据中文意思完成以下英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。i am not angry with him,jokes heon me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。mrs bruce waskind to her studentstheyher their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。our parents will be pleased with our performancewe try our best.4. 你一到就给我打个好吗？will you please call meyou get to sha

31、nghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩热爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。the seven-year-old girl likes playing the pianoshe haskept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 , she kept on learning english by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。he wants to be a journalist.8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的教师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get

32、 to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出奉献，世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the environment, the world will bee much more beautiful.10. 明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。li ming didnt e to school.练习二1. the meeting didn't starteveryone was there.a. because b. untilc. whyd. if2 .the boyto bedhis mother came in.a. went not; until b. didn

33、9;t go; after c. went; until d. didn't go; until3. i won't believe youi have seen it with my own eyes.a. before b. until c. after d. when4 .hehomeshe was satisfiedhis answer yesterday.a. didn't go; until; withb. wasn't go; after; toc. doesn't go; before; withd. didn't go; unt

34、il; to5 .heback until the workdone.a. isn't; will be b. isn't; is c. won't be; will be d. won't be; is 6 .they didn't start the worktheir teacher came back.a. until b. while c. as soon as d. if7. tom will call me as soon as heshanghai.a. arrives b. will reach c. arrives in d. get

35、 to8. i'm sure he'll e to see me before hebeijing.a. will leave b. is leaving c. leave d. leaves9. i will tell him the news as soon as heback.a. e b. es c. will e d. came10. tom has got a watch. heit for two years. itby his father.a. has bought; was bought b. has got; is bought , c. was boug

36、ht; has bought . d. has had; was bought "'11. when he got to the station, the train.a. left b. had left c. leaves d. has left12. the boy told his father what hein the street.a. saw b. have seen c. had seen d. see 13.wetv when the telephone.a. watched; was ringing b. were watching; rang c. w

37、atch; rings d. are watching; rang14. by the end of last term, iten books.a. had finished reading b. have finish reading c. had finish to read d. finish read15. iyou for a long time. whereyou"a. didn't see; did; go b. didn't see;have; gonec. haven't seen; have; been d. haven't se

38、en; have; gone16. tomchina for 3 years.a. has been b. has been in c. has been to d. has been at17. i won't go to see the film tonight, because imy ticket.a. lost b. have lost c. will lose d. didn't lose 18.-hello! may i speak to bob"-sorry, but hefor a month.a. had been away b. was left

39、 c. left d. has been away19. ihim since i began to live in the city.a. know b. have known c. knew d. will know20. zhao lanalreadyin this school for two years.a. was; studying b. will; study c. has; studied d. are; studying 21.betty didn't go to see the film yesterdayshe was ill.a. because b. but

40、 c. until d. if22 may i sit neareri can see more clearly"a. as if b. so that c. even if d. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.a. though b. if c. because d. for24. he came to study in the university, he has made much progressin the study of english.a. while b. when c. since d. after

41、25. i'd like to go swimmingthe water is not too cold.a. for b. unless c. if d. whether26. there aremany league members in class 2in class 4.a. both; and b. 'so; that c. either; or d. as; as27. -do you have a big library"-no, we don't. at least, notyours.a. as big as b. as big than c

42、. as bigger than d. bigger as28. suzhou is notbeautifulhangzhou.a. as; than b. so; as c. even; than d. /; than29. iron is more usefulany other metal.a. as b. than c. then d. so30. i want to knowshe is going to see a film.a. if b. that c. what d. which31. you are sure to pass the examyou study hard.a. if b. thoughc. that d. since32. i'll go to see the film with youi have time this evening.a. whether b. so c. if d. when33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.a. if b. until c. unless d. except34. although it was raining,still worked