Unit 6 Animal Intelligence（课堂PPT）

1、Text A-What Animals Really Think1Text A-What Animals Really Think2 Word-guessing gameWord-guessing gamepigmonkeytigerturtlewhaledogparrotelephantdinosaurgorillaText A-What Animals Really Think3Intelligence is the power of, learning, understanding and knowing; mental ability Do you think these animal

2、s have intelligence? Rank them according to their intelligence. Reasons.pig monkey tiger turtle whaledog parrot elephant dinosaur gorillaText A-What Animals Really ThinkDo you have your personal experiences about animal intelligence? An example about an apes intelligence .Lets find more examples of

3、animal intelligence from Text A.Text A-What Animals Really Think TEXT STRUCTUREPartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart 1Part 2Part 3Paras1-2Paras3-12Paras133 sub-headingsIntroductionSupporting examplesConclusionLets Make a DealTale of a WhalePrimate Shell GameText A-What Animals Really Think61. What is the co

4、ntroversy about animal 1. What is the controversy about animal intelligence? intelligence? (Para1)(Para1)Do animals really have thoughts, what we call consciousness?2. How do scientists explore animal intelligence usually? (Para1)Scientists design experiments to teach human signs.Text A-What Animals

5、 Really Think73. When does the author think animals will probably do their best thinking? (Para1)4. Why did the author talk to people like vets, animal researchers and zoo keepers? (Para2)Because they often encounter animal intelligence and can tell him a lot of real stories.When it serves their own

6、 purposesText A-What Animals Really Think85. What is the new window on animal intelligence revealed by the stories? (Para2)When dealing with captivity and humans, animals perform mental feats.mental feats-高超的思维技能；聪明高超的思维技能；聪明Animals can demonstrate intelligence when dealing with captivity and human

7、beings.Text A-What Animals Really Think96. How many animals are mentioned in the text? Who are they?AnimalNamefemale gorillamale orangutanmale killer whalefemale orangutandominant male orangutanColoChantekOrkyMelatiTowanText A-What Animals Really Think107.The first animal-Colo 7.The first animal-Col

8、o (Para3-4)(Para3-4)human:Charlene Jendry, a conservationist at the Columbus zooThe story:One day, Colo was _ and Jendry wanted to know what it was. So she _ some peanuts but Colo just gave her _. Jendry realized Colo was _ and she had to _ and give Colo a piece of pineapple. handling a suspicious o

9、bjectoffereda blank starenegotiatingraise the stakesText A-What Animals Really Think11Colos ability:trading one thing for another; bargaining; negotiating; making a dealMaintaing _ with Jendry, Colo _ a key chain in her hand. Jendry was _ as the key chain was not dangerous or valuable and gave Colo

10、the pineapple. But to her surprise, Colo _ the key chain and gave her a _. Maybe she was _ if she could get a bit of pineapple for each piece of key chain, why give Jendry the whole thing. Colo was really a careful _.eye contactrevealedrelievedbrokelinkfiguringbargainerText A-What Animals Really Thi

11、nk128.The second animal-Chantek 8.The second animal-Chantek (Para5-6)(Para5-6)human:Lyn Miles, an anthropologistIf Chantek did cleaning, he could earn:1. coins to spend on treats; 2. rides in Miles carWhat Miles did there:undertake a sign-language study at the University of Tennesseethe stem of grap

12、es Coins used by Miles: plastic chips first; metal chips laterWhat Chantek did with coins:1. break plastic chips in two; 2. find pieces of tin foil and try to make copies. to expand money supplyMiles taught Chantek:virtuous habits-saving and sharing What Chantek shared:Text A-What Animals Really Thi

13、nk138.The second animal-Chantek 8.The second animal-Chantek (Para5-6)(Para5-6)From the two animals, we can know:Chanteks skill:handling money; making a dealSome animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Text A-What Animals Really Think149.The third animal-Orky 9.The third ani

14、mal-Orky (Para7-10)(Para7-10)human: Gail Laule, a consultant on animal behaviorproblem:Orkys mate-Corky _a baby whale who didnt _at first. So keepers took it out of the tank by _for_. When workers returned the it to the tank and _the stretcher a few meters above the water, the baby whale began to _s

15、uddenly and might_. But keepers couldnt _the baby to help it. gave birth tothrivestretcheremergency carehaltedthrow upchokereachText A-What Animals Really Think15From the above killer whale, we can know:Animals can assess a situation and act accordingly.actions by Orky:size up, swim, keep steadyOrky

16、s ability: assessing; making judgments; taking actions.Text A-What Animals Really Think1610. The fourth animal-Melati 10. The fourth animal-Melati (Para11)(Para11)human:Helen Shewman-Zoo keeper of Seattles Woodland Zooplaying trick/deceiving/ playing shell game Trick played by Melati:After Helen She

17、wman dropped an orange for Melati, Melati didnt _to get it, but she still looked Shewman in the eye, _her hand. Shewman thought the orange must have rolled off and Melati couldnt get _ to it. So Shewman gave Melati another orange. However, at that moment, she noticed that Melati had _ the _orange in

18、 her other hand on purpose.Melatis ability:move awayholding outaccesshiddenoriginalText A-What Animals Really Think1711. The fifth animal-Towan 11. The fifth animal-Towan (Para12)(Para12)playing trick/deceiving/ playing shell game/being tricky.Towans ability:retell the story with the words given:wat

19、ch the trick, pretend, hold her gaze, hold out his hand, hide orange under his foot.From the two orangutans, we can know:Some animals can play tricks.Text A-What Animals Really Think1812. What is the function of these animal stories? To support his point advanced in part I.13. What is the topic sent

20、ence of the last part?Other Species can assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited than ours.Text A-What Animals Really ThinkTEXT STRUCTUREIntroduction (1-2) Some animals demonstrate intelligence when dealing with captivity and human beings. Supporting examples (3-12)Lets

21、Make a Deal some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with peopleTale of a Whale animals can asses a situation and act accordinglyPrimate Shell Game - some animals can be trickyConclusion(13)Some animals are intelligent. Text A-What Animals Really Think20Gorilla and OrangutanKiller

22、WhaleText A-What Animals Really Think21Gorilla and OrangutanhumansChimps or chimpanzee (黑猩猩黑猩猩)orangutans(猩猩猩猩) monkeysapesgorillas(大猩猩大猩猩) Text A-What Animals Really Think22GorillaOrangutanHeightMale-5.5feet; female-smallerMale 4 to 5 feet; Female 3.5 to 4 feetColorblack or grayishReddish-brown hai

23、rLocationwestern AfricaFound on the islands of Indonesia and Malaysia.DietMainly Fruit and vegetablesMainly fruit, some leaves, flowers and insects.Life Span30 to 40 years in the wild; 40 to 50 years in captivity40 to 50 years in the wild; 50 to 60 years in captivityText A-What Animals Really Think2

24、3Killer whale: orca, seawolflength: about 27-33 feet (8-10 m)weight: more than 8,000-12,000 pounds (3,600-5,400 kg). family: the largest member of the dolphin family. a mammal living in waterbreathe air through a hole at the top of its head.it is toothed and an efficient predator.only enemy: human b

25、eing Text A-What Animals Really Think24Detailed UnderstandingLanguage PointsSentence StructureWriting SkillsTranslationText A-What Animals Really Think25LANGUAGE POINTS:1. controversy2. surround3. explore4. serve ones purpose5. encounter6. reveal7. convince8. negotiate9. maintain10. relieve11. under

26、take 12. figure out13. extend14. expand15. in sbs interest16. assess17. negotiate18. size up19. deceiveText A-What Animals Really Think261. Over the years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surround them. (L1-3)controversy: 争论，争议争论，争议The policy

27、 has caused fierce/heated controversy ever since it was introduced.Photos of extinct South China tiger sparks controversy.People have a heated controversy over the authenticity of photographs of South China tiger.controversial a. 有争议的有争议的,引起争议的引起争议的Text A-What Animals Really Think271. Over the years

28、, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surround them. (L1-3)surround: be or go all around. 围绕，包围围绕，包围The baby was sitting on the floor surrounded by toys.What do you know about Zhoushan City, a prison or a beautiful woman? 多年来，我写了大量关于动物智能实验、以多年来，我

29、写了大量关于动物智能实验、以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章。 Text A-What Animals Really Think282. Wondering whether there might be better ways to explore animal intelligence than experiments. (L4)explore: 1. examine thoroughly, learn about仔细检查仔细检查, 研究研究, 探究探究; 2.探险探险,探测探测,考察考察The engineers have already explored

30、the possibility of building a bridge over the river.The best way to explore the countryside is on foot.Do you want to explore outer space or the Antarctic regions?exploration n. 探测，探险；研究探测，探险；研究Text A-What Animals Really Think293. .they will do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes,

31、not when scientists ask them to (L6)serve ones purpose: to have use有用有用-Do you have a pen? - sorry, I dont have. Can this pencil serve your purpose.I havent got a hammer, but this stone can serve my purpose.Text A-What Animals Really Think304. .they encounter it, and. (L9)1) meet unexpectedly 偶遇偶遇,

32、邂逅邂逅 v. 2) meet something bad, esp. a difficulty or a danger 遭遭遇遇(困难困难, 危险危险 ) v.n. a sudden meeting 突遇突遇, (困难困难, 危险危险)On the train, I encountered an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughters.我刚开始做这工作时遇到很多困难我刚开始做这工作时遇到很多困难. I encountered many difficulties when I first started this job.T

33、hey had an encounter with the enemy last night. Text A-What Animals Really Think315. The stories they tell us reveal what Im convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans. (L6)revea

34、l: make sth especially secret known 展示展示, 显示显示; 泄泄露露,透露透露He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians.Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought.Text A-What Animals Really Think325. The stories they tell us reveal what Im convinced is a new window on animal intelligen

35、ce: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans. (L10)convince: make sb. feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信，使确信，使信服使信服convince sb. of sth, convince sb. thatHe managed to convince the jury of his innocence.Its useles

36、s trying to convince her (that) she doesnt need to lose any weight.Text A-What Animals Really Think33convince:使确信，使信服使确信，使信服convince sb. of sth, convince sb. thatconvinced a. 确信的，信服的 be convinced that /ofconvincing a. 令人信服的，有说服力的令人信服的，有说服力的I am convinced that he is lying.I didnt think the ending of

37、the film was very convincing.我相信他在撒谎。我相信他在撒谎。Im sure thatText A-What Animals Really Think345. The stories they tell us reveal (what Im convinced is )a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans

38、. (L10)他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种 人类人类 时所表现的高超的思维技能时所表现的高超的思维技能/聪明。聪明。 Text A-What Animals Really Think356. Arriving on the scene, Jendry offered Colo some peanuts, only to be met with a blank stare. (L16)only和不定式连用常构成结果状语和不定式连用常构成结

39、果状语,表示与预料相反的结表示与预料相反的结果，意思是果，意思是“竟然竟然、结果、结果”我到了剧院后，却发现将票忘在家里了。我到了剧院后，却发现将票忘在家里了。I got the theater, only to discover that I had left the ticket at home.He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.Text A-What Animals Really Think367. Realizing they were negotiating, Jenry raised the stakes and. (

40、L17)negotiate: discuss in order to come to an agreement谈判，谈判，协商协商The Bush Administration refuses to negotiate with the terrorists.negotiation n. 商议，谈判商议，谈判Text A-What Animals Really Think378. At this point, while maintaining eye contact, Colo.(L18)maintain:保持，维持保养，维修（坚决）主张，保持，维持保养，维修（坚决）主张，强调强调 The

41、taxi driver and his friend Ed maintained their friendship for over 30 years.He maintained his car regularly.The accused maintained his innocence. Text A-What Animals Really Think389. Relieved it was not anything dangerous (L20)relieve: free sb. from pain, anxiety, etc; ease pain etc.使减使减轻（痛苦、焦虑），缓解减

42、轻压力等轻（痛苦、焦虑），缓解减轻压力等 relieve sb of sth I was relieved to hear that you arrived home safe and sound.If you have a headache or stomachache, will you eat drugs or medicine? Taking a part-time job would relieve you of the financial burden.relief - to ones relief; believe-beliefText A-What Animals Really

43、 Think3910. Why give her the whole thing if I can . (L22)why+ 动词原形动词原形 和和 why not +动词原形的不定式的用法动词原形的不定式的用法 The central heating system seems to have gone wrong. You should call the repairman to check it. . Why not call the repairman to check it? Hes made up his mind not to undertake this task. Its poi

44、ntless to argue with him any more. He has made up his mind not to undertake this task. Why argue with him any more? Text A-What Animals Really Think4011. a sign language study undertaken by. (L26)undertake: v. 1. carry out, take upon oneself ( a task , etc.) 从事从事,承担承担(任务任务) 2. undertake to do sth. 答

45、应答应, 同意同意Undertake a task Undertake responsibilityI undertook to teach the children English.n.undertaking 工作，事业工作，事业; 承诺承诺,保证保证charitable undertakings 慈善事业慈善事业Text A-What Animals Really Think4111. Chantek figured out that if he did. (L27)figure out:想出想出,弄明白弄明白understand, reason out I cant figure out

46、 why he quit his well-paid job to undertake such tedious workfigure:外形外形, 体形；数字；形状；身份，人物；画像体形；数字；形状；身份，人物；画像, 塑像塑像 n. Text A-What Animals Really Think4211. But the orangutans understanding of money seemed to extend far beyond simple dealings. (L29)extend: v. 延伸，延长伸出，伸展（身体的一部分）延伸，延长伸出，伸展（身体的一部分） 给予，提

47、供给予，提供The wet weather extended into July.The baby extended his hands to grasp the toy. I would like to extend a warm welcome to all our visitors.但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。 Text A-What Animals Really Think4312. ., but Chantek decided he could expand the money supply by . (L31)ex

48、pand : v.扩大，扩张膨胀扩大，扩张膨胀 The bank is aiming to expand its share of the mortgage market. Metal expands when heated.银行旨在扩大其抵押贷款的市场份额。银行旨在扩大其抵押贷款的市场份额。Text A-What Animals Really Think4413. Behaviorists would say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so. This is true, but I

49、 dont think it goes far enough. (L41)in sb. s interest为了为了的利益的利益, 对对有利有利It would be in your interests to undertake the task.In the interest of sth. : for the sake of sth.为了为了, 为为了了.的利益的利益In the interest of safety, please do not smoke.承担这一任务对你有利承担这一任务对你有利.Text A-What Animals Really Think4513. Behavio

50、rists would say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so. This is true, but I dont think it goes far enough. (L41)行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。 Text A-What Animals Really Think4614. He would assess a situation

51、and then do .(L45)assess : v. judge the quality, importance or worth of评评估，估量估，估量考试不是评价一个人的能力的唯一手段考试不是评价一个人的能力的唯一手段.Examinations are not the only means of assessing someones ability. They assessed the value of the house at 600,000 yuan. Text A-What Animals Really Think4715. Apparently sizing up the

52、problem, Orky .(L54)size up : carefully examine a situation or person in order to make a judgment 估量，判断估量，判断I dont like the way my father sized up my boyfriend. He sized the situation up at a glance and took immediate action. Text A-What Animals Really Think4816. Orky let the keeper reach up and rel

53、ease the .(L57)release : 释放，解放，松开公布，发行释放，解放，松开公布，发行Physical exercise is a good way of releasing tension. The precise sales volume has not been released yet.release sb. from his suffering免除某人的痛苦免除某人的痛苦; release sb. from his promise使某人不必履行诺言使某人不必履行诺言;Text A-What Animals Really Think4917. Sometimes evi

54、dence of intelligence can be seen in attempts to deceive. (L60)deceive: try to make sb believe sth that is false 欺骗欺骗deceive sb. into doing sth.They deceived the dying old man into signing his will.【近形近形】receive收到，接到收到，接到; conceive怀孕；想象，怀孕；想象，构想构想; perceive察觉，理解，发觉察觉，理解，发觉reception; conception; perc

55、eptiondeception n.欺骗，骗局欺骗，骗局; deceptive a.骗人的，有欺骗骗人的，有欺骗性的性的Text A-What Animals Really Think5018. If life is about survival of a species and intelligence is meant to serve that survival then we cant compare with pea-brained sea turtles, (which were here long before us and survived the disaster (that

56、 wiped out the dinosaurs.) ) (L74-76)如果生命就是讲物种的生存如果生命就是讲物种的生存而智慧是为了生存而智慧是为了生存那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。 Text A-What Animals Really Think5119. Still, it is comforting to realize that other species beside

57、s our own can stand back and assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited than ours. (L77-79)尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。 Text A-What Animals Really Think521). Make sure that all the examples are relevant and persua