名词性从句完美讲义(共10页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词性从句完美讲义第一节 相关概念一、定义：在复合句中相当于一个名词，做主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句。二、引导词：1. 连词: that , if, whether, as if2. 连接代词: who , what, which, whose, whom以及whoever, whatever, whichever等3. 连接副词: when, where, why, how，whenever, wherever,however等 三、各类名词性从句的特征：主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句练习：辨别下列名词性从句的类别。1.How the book will

2、 sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is impossible that I go and attend th

3、e meeting.第二节 主语从句1 定义：在复合句中作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。2 连接词：引导主语从句的连接词有三类：连词that、whether;疑问代词who, what, which，whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;疑问副词when, where, how, why，however, whenever, wherever等 连词that（无词意）, whether(是否), 在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用; whether 能引导主语从句，而if不能。That you dont like him has

4、 nothing to do with me.Whether John will do this experiment remains a question.a. That the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder.It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive.常见的句型有：It is/was +形容词+that 从句Its unlikely that 不可能 Its strange that奇怪的是It is/was +名词+that 从句 Its a pity that 遗憾

5、的是 Its a fact that 事实是It +不及物动词+that 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that碰巧 It appears that看来 It turns out that结果It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 Its not known that 不得而知 Its said that 据说其他 It doesnt matter +that /wh-Clause 是无关紧要的 It makes no difference +that /wh-Clause毫无区别 疑问代词who, what, which, 在从句中既作连接词又充当主

6、语、宾语、表语、定语等。 What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown.Whoever wants this book may take it. 疑问副词when, where, how, why，whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语如：When they will start hasnt been dec

7、ided yet.Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story.第三节 表语从句1 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2 引导表语从句的连接词种类：(1)连词that，whether（无if） that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明

8、、解释，使主语的内容具体化。The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。(2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why, wherever, whenever, however。如：The problem is who we

9、 can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。（3）由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。Thats because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。第四节 宾语从句1 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词that。如：He told us that he felt i

10、ll. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) We decided, in view of his special circumstances, th

11、at we would admit him for a probationary period. 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)(2)从属连词if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如：I wonder whether it is true or n

12、ot. 我不知它是真是假。用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用whether。试比较：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go. (3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。Who or what he was, Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。I wonder what

13、hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。4 宾语从句包括动词宾语从句，介词宾语从句及形容词宾语从句。（1）介词宾语从句如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。（2）动词宾语从句注意：a. 在demand, order, desire, request, command insist, suggest, advise,等表愿望，命令等时，用虚拟语气。宾语从句常用“should+ 动词原形”。 如：a) I insist that she (should)

14、do her work alone. b. 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。动词如：advise, ask, inform, promise, question, remind, show, teach, tell, warn等，宾语从句前可以有一个间接宾语，这个宾语有时可以省略，有的不能省略。He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已经通知我们将什么时候讨论我的建议。(me不可省略)（3）形容词或过去分词后接宾语从句I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定从前是

15、否见过他。注意：that引导的从句在下列形容词后面作宾语，that可以省略。anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等。第五节 同位语从句1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question

16、, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：I have no idea whether hell come or not. 我不知道他是否来。连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。The question who should do the work requires co

17、nsideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。高考趋势与重点 名词性从句在历年地高考中几乎都有所涉及，并且每年地命题各有变化。近年来地高考试题更侧重于在一定地语言环境下考查熟练使用英语语序和关联词地能力。因此，在平时地备考复习中我们除了牢固掌握基础知识外，还要多注意一定语境下基础知识地运用。一、 It 在名词性从句中得用法：1. It is time that(虚拟语气) w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m2. It is the first time that（现在完成时）3. It is necessary (important) thatshould do(虚拟语气)4.

18、 It is likely(possible, obvious, clear, natural, certain,) that5. It is a pity(a fact, good news, no wonder, an honour, a shame, common sense, a common practice) that6. It turned out that; It happened that; It occurred to sb. that; 7. It is said(reported, believed, estimated, announced, expected) th

19、at;8. It is suggested(required, ordered) that(虚拟语气)二、 What 与that 在名词性从句中用法比较：w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mThat Tom fell off his chair by accident got the classmates laughing.What Tom learned in university helps him a lot in his job.注：that 在从句中不作任何成分，what 在从句中必须担当主语或宾语。We have reached what is called XinJie kou

20、.三、 宾语从句1. 一个动词后跟多个宾语从句时，第二个开始的连词that不能省略。He said (that) he didnt attend the party and that he didnt want to.2. 否定转移I dont think he is fit for the job, is he?I never thought that he would come for the dinner party.3. 有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。I hate it when; I dislike it when; Id appreciate it ifI will see to

21、it that4. 与定语从句的转换Jerry told us _ he had seen abroad.A. what B. all that C. all what D. all 注：本题四个答案都正确。答案C 可以看作all 是前面的us 的同位语。 四、 主语从句a. 主语从句于定语从句的转换 What is needed has been bought. All that is needed has been bought. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mb. 几个特殊句型之间的转换 It is known to all that China has joined the W

22、TO. As is known to all, China has joined the WTO. What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.五、 表语从句a. 表语从句中的虚拟语气 My suggestion is that we should carry out the plan as soon as possible.b. 几个表语从句的切换 The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way. He came late. Thats b

23、ecause his car broke down. His car broke down on the half way. Thats why he came late.六、 同位语从句a. 与定语从句的区别 It is a fact that he has done his best. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m It is a fact that you cant refuse.b. 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting. The proposal that

24、 we should import more equipment is to be discussed.c. have no idea 后面跟同位语从句 I have no idea where Green Park lies.第一部分：基础题1. _ makes 高考资源网his shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever2. Its thirty years since we last met. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m But I s

25、till remember the story, believe it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. What4. Could you do me a favor?It depends on _ it is. A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever

26、5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _. A. how much cost they are B. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost6. Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.A. which B. that C. when D. why7. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had

27、failed to win the game. A. whyB. whatC. whoD. that8. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which9. Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn toC. for whom to turnD. for her to turn10. Elephan

28、ts have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. /B. whetherC. howD. what11. Danny left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which12. Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday?A. you expect she

29、 has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got13. The way he did it was different _ we were used to.A. in whichB. in whatC. from whatD. from which14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly eq

30、uipped. A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether第二部分：强化题1. We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that2.

31、A warm thought suddenly came to me _I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. if B. when C. that D. which3. There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A. that B. which C. until D. if4. Please remind me _ he said

32、 he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. where B. when C. how D. what5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped b

33、ack to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action. A. which B. that C. what D. whether7. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever8. I just wonder that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he d

34、oes C. how it is D. what it is9. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. As B. That C. This D. It10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that

35、C. where D. because11. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. A. whereB. howC. whatD. which12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _ it had been in the morning. A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which13. Id like to work with _ is ho

36、nest and easy to get on with. (2006年山东模拟题)A. whoB. whoeverC. whomeverD. no matter who14. When you are reading, make a note of _ you think is of great importance.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when15. Can we get everything ready by the weekend?It all depends on _ we can get Mr. Greens cooperation. A. thatB

37、. whatC. whetherD. 1. A 此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。在此题中what引导主语从句，同时在从句中充当主语。2. B 通过对句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入语，在此句中that引导的是the story的同位语从句。3. D 通过对句子的分析可知，此题需要选一词来引导表语从句，而从句中的明显缺少宾语，故只能what用来充当。4. C 介词on后面宾语从句不完整，同时从句缺少主语，故只能由what来充当。5. C wonder后面的从句是疑问句应用陈述语序。即：特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。6. B 此句主句完整，从句也完整，故用that引导构

38、成与the fact的同位语从句。7. A why在它引导的从句中充当原因状语，从句在主句里充当介词on的宾语。8. B what在它引导的从句中充当主语，同时整个从句可看成是idea的同位语从句，来说明idea的具体内容。9. B 本题考查定语从句以及固定短语turn to 的用法，关系代词因为在后面定语从句中做宾语因此省略掉，turn to sb 求助于某人。10. B 本题根据意思以及后面与or 的搭配关系可判断该处是“是否”，whether 引导宾语从句。B 本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句，根据下文可知Danny留下的口信的内容，that 引导名词性从句。11. C 本题考查双重疑问

39、句，疑问词do you think/believe/expect句子的其他成分（句子用称述句语序）。12. C 本题考查固定短语 be different from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中be used to 后面少宾语，且根据上文是我们过去习惯的方法，这用what 符合语意。13. A 本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，后面表语从句不完整，it was 后面还缺少表语，根据意思是“20年前的 样子”，后面一个句子是对20年前的补充说明，是一个非限制性定语从句，20年前学校设备条件不好，when 在定语从句中作时间状语。14. B 本题考查名词性从

40、句的同位语，doubt 后的同位语根据意思没有怀疑故选择that 引导，that在从句中不充当成分。强化题1. C whether引导的从句构成与名词the question的同位语。(原答案似乎有误)2. C 主句完整,同时从句也不缺成分。根据句意可看出that引导的从句构成与a warm thought的同位语。3. A that引导同位语从句，具体说明chance（可能性）的内容。4. B 句意：请提醒我他说他将什么时候走。5. B 因先行词是natives，故淘汰A和D。又因give sth. to sb.固定短语，所以选B。介词to可放在关系代词whom的前面。w.w.w.k.s.5

41、.u.c.o.m6. B pleased后面缺少宾语从句，he was a man of action句意完整，故用that引导。7. D No matter what/which只能引导让步状语从句，排除A和B。C和D的区别在于一个无范围，一个有范围。8. D wonder后面的宾语从句本是what makes him so excited：。但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。9. D 本题考查it 作形式主语, 后面的that 引导真正的主句从句.10. B 本题考查同位语从句, reason 后面有for 引导的短语, 接着后面是that 引导的句子来说明理由的内容.11. C 本题考

42、查名词性从句的宾语从句,介词for 后接宾语从句但宾语从句中缺少主语, he thought 是插入语. 连词what 引导宾语从句且在从句中充当主语,which 的意思不符合.12. C 本题考查固定短语 be different from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中it had been 后面少表语，所以what 符合语意。13. B 本题考查名词性从句中的介词宾语从句, 根据下文意思以及在宾语从句中作主语, D 不能引导名词性从句, who 表达的意思不对14. C 本题考查名词性从句介词宾语, 宾语从句中you think 是插入语, 故句中缺少

43、主语,which 意思不对,故选what15. C 本题考查介词宾语从句, 根据上下文意思 该处应该是”我们是否能得到Green先生的.2012高考英语单选题分类汇编 名词性从句【2012安徽】27. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】B【2012重庆】34. Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. why B. how C. whether D. that【答案】D【2012全国】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【答案】D【2012北京】24. Jerry did