上海中考英语语音高考听说测试语音基础

1、上海高考英语备考训练听说测试语音基础 首标表、 、_. .、二 儿日单元音前兀首/i?/?/e/? /中元音/?/?/?/后兀首/u?/?/?/?/a/?双井工双井/e?/a?/?/a?/?/集中双元音/?/e?/?/辅首爆破音清密音/p/t/k/浊妙音/b/d/ g /摩擦首清密音/f/s/?/ 9 /h/浊妙音/v/z/?/e/r/破擦首清密音/t?/tr/ts/浊妙音/d?/dr/dz/鼻音（浊辅百）/m/n/?/舌边首（浊辅百）/l/（浊辅百）/j/w/英文有26个字母，分成5个元音字母a,e,i,o,u和一个半元音字母y , 21个辅音字 母。11个清辅音/tr,ts,h,t/, /

2、 p,k,s,dt?初次和他打扑克，思思弗稀奇”。1,开音节：在重读音节中元音字母之后没有辅音字母， 叫绝对开音节。go no me paper。元音字母之后有一个辅音字母（r除外），跟上一个不发音的元音字母e, 叫相对开音节home name face。在重读开音节中，元音读它的字母音，即长音。重读闭音节：1）,重读。2）, 一个元音加一个辅音结尾（r除外）。3）, 元音不读字母本音，而读短音。重读闭音节动词变过去式或分词，形容词、副词 变比较级、最高级双写最后一个字母。2, /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/是6个爆破音，这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时,前者发不完

3、全爆破音，后者则要完全地。彻底地进行爆破。He has a ba(d) col(d) today. You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children. Gla(d) to meet you.爆破音在 /t ?, / d? /, /w/, /t/ 的前面时不完全爆破。Have you rea(d) the book abou(t) tha(t) child. The thir(d) chair is broken.爆破音在 /m/, /n/, /l/, /s/ 的前面时不完全爆破。Goo(d) morning, sir. Goo(d) night. They ar

4、e very frien(d)ly to us. 了解爆破音，对读英语的失去爆破很有帮助。3, s在元音或清辅音前,读/s/,如sit, seat, sell, sold. s在元音字母或元音辅音 问读/z/,如 music, husband,在s音后，p读成b、t读成d、k读成g、tr 读dr等。如 speak, student, study, sky, street.以-s, -es结尾的单词的词尾，清辅音后读作/s/ maps cakes,浊、元音后读作/z/ bananas dogs,在 s,x,ch,sh,五音/s/ /z/ /t /d?/ 之后读/iz/ classes, brid

5、ges, washes. house/haus/力口了 s 后读 houses/'hauziz/, mouth/ma ? 0 / 力口了 s 后读 mouths/'mauz/ , month/m?n8,力口了 s 后读 months/m ?ns/.词尾se在r,l,n后发s, s在c前u后，在合成词如 teaspoon,前后缀如 mis,dis组 合sis,ss等中发s。1, A. booksB. shipsC. treesD. eatsC2,A. noseB. playsC. earsD. desksD3, A. eyesB.kneesC. toesD. roofsD4. A

6、. honestB. nurseC. graspD. bananasD5. A. horseB. universeC. pulseD. goesD6. A. usB. plusC. minusD. designD7. A. kissB. thesisC. teaspoonD. roseD8. A. busesB. boxesC. finishesD. shipsD9.A. chipsB. rulersC. pencilsD. brothersA10, A. noseB. roseC. trousersD. slideD11, A. scarfB. skyC. skirtD.keepD12, A

7、. spoonB. spiderC. springD. poolD13,A. toolB. steelC. starD. studentA14. A. monthsB.dogsC. holesD. mouthsA4,以-ed结尾的单词的词尾，清辅音后读作/ t /looked hoped,浊、元音后读作/ d / cleaned answered, t,d 之后力口 ed, ed 读/ id / started decided15.A.climbedB. pushedC. joinedD. pulledB16.A.savedB. rushedC. kickedD. dancedA17. A.

8、workedB. washedC. watchedD. playedD18. A. carriedB. answered C. livedD. helpedD19. A. movedB. killedC. praisedD. laughedD20A needed B. wanted C. washed D. started C5, th 发 户through, thief, breath, warmth, wealth, cloth, month, path, youth, mouth, path, math, south, bath, tooth, thirsty, thread, thin

9、g, theatre, thunder, thermos, Thursday, theory, theme, throat, thread, think, thank, thrive, thick, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand, thirsty, thoughtful, thorough, author, faithful, method, nothing, anything, healthy, wealthy .th 发 户smooth, feather, although, worthy, clothes, clothing, southern, m

10、ouths, paths, youths, breathe, weather, whether, leather, further, father, bathe, northern, either, them, their, theirs, there, this, that, than, then, though, thus, therefore, they.21. A. motherB. anotherC. healthD. smoothC22. A. wealthB. weatherC. withD. breatheA23. A. thoughB. bothC. thoughtD. th

11、roughA24. A. .threeB. thumbC. ThursdayD. thenD25. A. .theseB. .theyC. smoothD. thankD26. A. worthB. clothesC. neitherD. worthyA6, n的读音:1) 位于词尾在 m 后不发音 autumn, column 02) 在 /k/ /g/ 前发/?/音，think, English, angry, anger, finger, hungry, language, ankle, uncle, anxious, anxiety, handkerchief, conquer;在与

12、g 组合的词尾发 /?/ 音,long, strong, song, sing, bring, ring;3) n 在 ge 前时发/n/ , exchange, orange, arrange, dangerous;杵前缀中，者B发/n/, unclean, uncover, uncomfortable, income, incomplete;在其它情况下发 /n/ ,sand, ant, connect, inevident.4) n和l两个辅音，当 前有辅、后无元”时，此时相当于元音，可与前面 的另一个辅音相拼'p znt ftnm，但py：z不能。l , n在音节前部和后 部常

13、常发音不同。在词首读整个部分清晰发音，在词尾读一半含糊发音。27. A. lion B. lip C. flower D. girlD28. A. noseB. needleC. nightD. pandaD29. A. hungryB. angry C. thinkD. arrangeD7,词性不同，发音改变：troublesome ? , some ?, woman u, women i, political ? ,politics ?,south,southern0 定冠词 the 在辅音前读e?,如 the floor, the table, 在元音前发ei:,如 the old ma

14、n, the engineer。8,字母a在/w/后常发短音，如wash, what, want;但water中，发长音。/a:/ class, can't, father, after。字母 i 发长音 police, policeman, technique ,machine,不发音 build (built).字母 e 发短音 England, English, eleven;发长音 even, eve, evening, me, he, retell。 relay中,/ri:/是重读开音节，所以e发/i:/长音。oo 发短音 stood, understood, wood, w

15、ool, took, cook, book, look, foot, good, goodbye； 发长音 choose, cool, spoon, noodles, moon, smooth, food, tooth, school, room, bedroom, classroom。er 在表示职业2尾发短音 teacher, further , father 另 surprise; surround; performance 也发回音；er 发长音 thermos ,her, term, prefer, person另 purpose, turn, church, burn, purpl

16、e, murmur, purchase, furniture, urban, work, nurse 发f3：。 or 发短音 forget, visitor, professor ； 长音 worse, worst, work, worker, workplace, word, world , 以及 horse, nor, corn, short, report, sport。ur 发短音 Saturday; 发长 音：nurse, hamburger, curtain, Thursdayai 一般发/ei/音 straight ,但 said 中 ai 为/e/音，say said say

17、s /ei/ /e/ /e/; ai 在 Britain 中发/i/,在 mountain 中发/?/。al 发/Hl/音 salt, false, altogether, always, almost, also, already; 发/工/音 chalk, talk, ball, fall, walk,另 thought, bought, brought 也发/ 7/音，发 p cough。字母不发音的单词 debt climb doubt handsome Wednesday science Christmas whistle hour build grandma know listen

18、 9,字母组合 ex的发音:后跟元音igz exact; example; exist; examination;后跟辅音 iks excuse; expect; explain; expression; explore, exciting;重音或次重音在第一个 音节eks explanation; expert; excellent; exercise; exhibition; exploration.sion 在辅音后读清声 /(a)n/, discussion, compression, admission, tension, extension, intension, pretensi

19、onsion 在元音后读浊声 /13)n/, decision, vision, division, occasion,explosion, invasion, collision, confusion另 pleasure, casual, measur曲发浊音/?(r)/。字母组合 tion 有两种发音：question 尔west?i, suggestion 的 tion 发/?/;其它一般发 /?/, invention ?i?/en?i, attention ?en?i, pollution p ?u:?, station,nation, emotion, revolution, di

20、ctionary.练习：I.TheatreA. thirstyB. thusC. thoughD. fatherA2.OursA. outsideB. cousinsC. nervousD. clocksB3. forgetA. ordinaryB. majorC. worldD. reportB4. Watched A. judgedB. workedC. refusedD. wantedB5. TheirsA. threadB. smoothi C. thirstyD. healthB6. compare A. company B. continue C. common D. concer

21、t B7. breathe A.thickB. southern C.mathematicsD. methodB8. riseA.purseB. elseC.,praiseD.mouseC9. BreadA.breakB. weakC. sweat D.headD10. Parent A.spearB. wearC.carryD.patientB11. breathedA. method B. breathC. thoroughD. smoothD12. SomethingA. breathe B. wealthC. althoughD. thisBl.occurA.oceanB. oppos

22、iteC. .officialD. offer答案：C. / /A./?u/B. /D/C. / D./ /2.chalkA. talkB. falseC. .altogetherD. salt答案：A./ :/A./ :/ B. / :l/ C. / :l/ D. / :l/3 .anxious A. branch B. conclusion C. dangerous D. tongue 答案：D./n/A. /n/B./n/ C. /n/D./n/4 .canal A. important B. liberation C. majority D. national 答案：D. / ? / A. /.- /B./ei/ C. /ei/ D. / ? /5 .longer A .London B. prove C. lock D. lonely 答案：C. / ? /A./a/B./u:/ C. / ? /D./?u/6 .advanced A. task B. fortunate C. entr