2020中考英语英语语法总复习形容词和副词

1、1 形容词1)形容词作定语，一般放于被修饰的名词之前。如：2020 中考英语英语语法总复习形容词和副词Jenny is a nice girl.He has a beautiful car.2)形容词修饰不定代词，应放于不定代词的后面作后置定语。如：I have something important to tell you.There is nothing wrong with my watch.2. 形容词作表语。形容词可以用在动词的后面作表语，系动词有be,grow,get,become,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,turn.等。如：The days

2、 will get longer when spring comes. You all look fine.形容词的位置在宾语之后。如：The news made everyone happy.4名词化的形容词。形容词与冠词一起表示某一类人或物， 在句中作主语或宾语，起名词的作用。如： The young should be police to the old.二，副词1，副词的构成(1 )许多词既是形容词，又是副词，如hard ,high,early,well,fast(2) 许多副词由形容词转化而来：方法是形容词词尾加ly ，如： carefully,slowly,quickly等。注意：

3、A,结尾 y 的，变 y 为 I 再加-ly ,如 busy-busily,happy-happily.B.以e结尾的，大部分直接加 -ly ,如：wide- widely,brave-bravely有几个特殊的要去e后再加 -y, 如： true-truly,terrible- terriblely.possible- possiblely(3) 有些带ly 副词与其相应的形容词意义不一样。如：hard 困难的near附近的late迟的hardly 几乎不nearly差不多lately近来的2副词的分类：（1）时间副词now,usually,often sometimes,always（ 2

4、）地点副词here,there,out,outside3）方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly4）程度副词very,much,till,almost5）疑问副词how why,where,when6）连接副词whether,why ,when,how三形容词和副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词有三个等级：原级 (即原形)比较级： 表示 “较 ” 或 “更一些”。最高级：表示“最”之意。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则变化：单音节和少数双音节词的构成变化如下：1. 单音节和少数双音节形容词。1) 加 -er, 如 smart smarter; calm calmer 。2) 以

5、 e 结尾的直接加-r, 如 large larger; nice nicer 。3) 只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节, 双写这个辅音字母, 再加 -er, 如 thin thinner; fat fatter; big bigger; hot hotter 。4) 以辅音字母加y 结尾 , 先将 y 改为 i, 再加 -er 。如 easy easier; early earlier; funny funnier 。2. 部分双音节和多音节形容词, 由 "more + 原级 " 构成。如serious more serious;outgoing more outgoin

6、g; athletic more athletic 。3. 不规则形容词, 要记住它们的比较级。good better; well better; bad worse;ill worse; many more; much more; little less不规则变化：原级比较级最高级Good/wellBad/badlyMany/muchLittleFarold BetterWorseMoreLessFartherFurtherBestWorstMostLeastFarthestFurthestOldest/eldest形容词和副词的比较级的用法级 用法例句比较级表示两者 (人或事物)的比较。

7、副词比较级的用法与形容词相似。在 “比较级 than ”的句中，当than 前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。改为动词或助动词可以省掉。This cake is more delicious than that one ;Who runs faster thanJim(did) He works much harder that I (do)最高级表示三者或三者的(人或事物)比较， 其中一个在某一个或某一方面超过其他几个时，用最高级的前面一般要加定冠词(副词可省掉the ) , 后面可带of(in) 短语来说明比较的范围。This picture is the most be

8、autiful of the classroom;.Lin Tao jumpedfarthest in our class;Lucy sings (the)best of all.注：形容词和副词的比较级前，有时可以用much,a little,even,a lot 等词来修饰，表比较的程度。如：much better,a little taller.同级比较：1,表示甲与乙相同用“as+形容词/副词原形+ as”的句型。如：It is important as English.Tom runs as fast as Jack.2 .表示甲不及乙时用“not as (so)+ 形容词/副词原形

9、+as”的句型，如：It is not as(so)warm today as yesterday.He did not come as (so)early as WangLin.几个特殊的比较级的句型：(1)比较级+比较级，表示"越来越"如 He is more andmore interested in English.It is getting hotter and hotter.than+ 被比对象。(2)倍数表达：be +倍数+形容词原形+ as+被比对象；This bag is four times as heavy as that one.beThe + 比较

10、级主谓；the + 比较级主谓连词连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。 连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both and, not only but also, either or, neither nor, (and)then 等等并列连词引导两个并列的句子and 与 orand 连接两并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。个并列的谓语a

11、nd 连接两个并列的动词不定式both -and 两者都She plays (both) the piano and the guitarnot only but (also), as well as 不但而且)She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.注意： not onlybut also关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.neithe nor意思为"既不也不 &

12、quot;谓语动词采用就近原则，与 nor后的词保持一致。Neither you nor he is to blame.or 意思为 " 否则 " 。I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.eitheror 意思为"或者或者"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。Either you or I am rightnot but 意思、为"不是而是 ”not 和 but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) o

13、f a human being although yet ，但 although 不与 but 连用 so 与 such 辨析： such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词.词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many， few， much，little 连用，形成固定搭配。so + adj.so + adj. + a(n) + n.so + adj. + n. (pl.)so + adj. + n.不可数so foolishsuch + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl.)such +n. (pl.)such +n.不可数such a foolso

14、nice a flowersuch a nice flowerso many/ few flowersso much/little money.so many peoplesuch nice flowerssuch rapid progresssuch a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配,a lot of虽相当于 many,但a lot of为名词性的，只能用such搭配。so - that 与 such - that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换(三)例题解析1 I think Chinese is than maths.A. interesting B mo

15、re interestingC. most interesting D. the most interesting2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing?-Singing. of course. She's known to it.A. be good at B. be good for C. be bad at D. be bad for3 The Huang He River is one of in China.A. The long river B. the longest riverC. the longest r

16、ivers D. the longer river4 The girl was afraid she threw her bag away.A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to5 It was yesterday than today.A. hot B. hoter C. hotter D. the hottest6 Which subject do you like , English Chinese or maths?A. best B. well C. better D. good7 None of the students

17、watched itA. careful enough B. enough carefully8 she eats, she'll be.A. More - fat B. The more fatterC. More - the fatter D. The more - the fatter9 I don't think English is Chinese.A. as important as B. not important asC. not so important D. important as10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher.

18、 The students in her class A. are interested in B. are interesting inC. are interested at D. are interesting to11 The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel.B. lonely C. happily D. friendly12 What a cough! You seem ill.A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terribleC. terrible, terrible

19、 D. terribly, terribly13 The two friends were pleased to see each other that they forgot everything. A. so B. too C. very D. much14 Which is , Li Lei's box or Han Meimei's box?A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavier D. the heaviest15 You don't like the same colours and I don't like them,

20、 .A. too B. also C. either D. neither16 Jim is at all his lessons. And I'm sure he'll do veryexams.A. well, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good17 You look than before , why?A. more thin B. more thinnerC. much more thin D. much thinnerEnglish.A. alonein the18 Let's go out for s

21、upper now. I'm veryA. hungry B. angry C. tired D. thirsty19 - Can you understand me?-Sorry, I can understand you.A. hardly B. almost C. even D. ever20 " do you write to your penfriend?""About twice a month."A. How often B. How soon C. How much D. How long21 Changjiang River i

22、s river in ChinaA. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest22 I'll work I can.A. so hardly as B. so hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as23 It is very to listen to him.A. interested B. interesting C. interested in D. interest24 Things are worse than I thought.A. more B. few C. very D. much25 It

23、is one o'clock, but her father hasn't come back A. already B. still C. too D. yet26 Comrade Chen is older than I.A. very B. more C. much D. quite27 She did her homework .A. carefully B. careful C. care D. careless28 They can't answer the question in Japanese; we can't answer it,A. al

24、so B. too C. either D. neither29- How are your parents?-They are very , thank you.A. good B. kind C. well D. happy30 Peter runs in our class.A. the fast B. faster C. fastest D. most fast31 We were all glad that we sang and danced.A. such B. so C. very D. quite32 Kate sings Joan.A. as well as B. as g

25、ood as C. so good as D. as better as33 This egg smells , though it looks all right.A. good B. well C. bad Dbadly34 Wait a minute, I have to tell you.A. something interested B. something interestingC. interesting something D. anything interesting35 I shall visit you next year.A. sometimes B. sometime

26、 C. some time D. some times36 My sister said she would try to speak English every day.A. a little B. a few C. litttle D. few37 I have friends here and I often visit them.A. few B. little C. a few D. a little38 Of all these books, do you think, which one is ?A. interesting B. much interestingC. more

27、interesting D. the most interesting1 答案1 B.析在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。2 答案A.析be good at为固定搭配，意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记 牢， 而不能似是而非。如： be good at, be bad at, be poor in, be week in, be fit for3 答案C.析 在one of +定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。4 答案A.析so - that为"如此怎样以至于如何"，此句意思是：小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑 掉了。而to

28、oto的意思为"如何如何，以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形，而不是从句。5 答案C.析 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级6 答案A.析在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。C. carefully enough D. enough careful7 答案1 C.析首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词，应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。8 答案1 D.析the+比较级表示"越来越"本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。9 答案A.析t

29、hink+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲， “我认为你不对"，英文 应为："我不认为你对"。I don't think you are right.所以不能选答案 B。而 C D均为不正确的表达法。10 答案A.析 过去分词常用来修饰人，而现在分词常用来修饰物，如： an interesting book,实 际上过去分词含有被动之意，如： interested 其含意是"被所吸引，感动 "。而interesting 则为"使人感兴趣的"，如：an interesting man 一个有趣、风趣的人。1

30、1 答案B.析alone 意为"独自的，一个人的"，它只能作表语不能作定语。I amnot alone in doing such a thing. 而 lonely 意为"寂寞的，孤单的"，如：The old man felt lonely. 要体会 两个词的区别，如： The old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely.12 答案A.析terrible是形容词，而terribly是副词，第一个空是修饰名词的，所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词，这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。13

31、 答案A.析这里用的是so that的固定搭配。14 答案B.析两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。15 答案C.析 在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too ,因too用于肯定句中。16 答案B.析good为形容词，如：He is good.他是个好人。而 well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词，如：He is well 为他身体不错，而作为其他意思时为副词，如： He speaks English well.17 答案D.析多音节形容词才用 more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为 thinner 。18 答案A.析hungry-俄，angry-生气，tired-紧，疲劳，thirsty- 口渴。要注意名词的词义。19 答案A.析hardly为一否定词，用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白"，所以只能选hardly 。20 答案A.析how often用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次，也就是提问发生的频率。how soon是问从现在起还有多久。21 答案D.22 答