定语从句练习试题带包括答案.docx

1、一定：修名 或代的、短或从句称定。中常用的'表示。主要由形容 担任。此外定、分名、代、数、副、介短以及不定式（短）也可以做定Oa beautiful city; a bag ftill of money.面，而英中的定 不然，是一个，放在被修 的前面，若是两个以上的、短或从句放在被修 的后 面，thirty women teachers ; his lather; the girl in red. the boy from AmericaOur monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom, falling lea

2、ves; fallen leaves; the boy playing basketball; the book bought by my mother; a reading room; a swimming pool He is the man who you are looking for.二:定及相关1定从句:修某一名或代的从句叫定从句。定从句一般跟在它所修的先 行之后。2. 先行：被定从句修的名或代叫先行O3. 关系：引定从句的叫关系O关系有关系代和关系副Owhich, who, whom, whose, as等；关系畐U 有 when, where, why.1. I have an

3、 apple. An apple is red. I have an apple that/which is red. 先行 关系代 like some friends. Some friends like sports.I like friends who like spoils.T I 先行 关系代 like music. The music is quiet. I like music that/which is quiet.T I先行 关系代关系通常有下列三个作用： 从句中担当一个成分。(二)关系代引的定从句1. who指人，在定从句中作主QThe boys who are playi

4、ng football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2 人，在定从句中做，常可省略。Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is j

5、ust the boy (whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor.注意:关系代 whom在口或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3. Which指物，在定从句中做主或，做 常可省略。Football is a game which is liked b

6、y most boys. He likes to read books which are注意：的定无多都放在被修 的前关系代有 that.A、引定从句，接主从句;B、代替先行；C、在定.whom 指wrilten by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is thepen ( which ) he bought yesterday. The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.。reaches

7、one million./whom you introduced4 . That即可指人，也可指物 °在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year Where is the man that / whomi saw this morning? The person that to me is very kind.The season that / which comes after spring is summerYesterday I received

8、 a letter that / which came from Australia.He has a friend whose5. Whose即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句屮做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.father is a doctor.注意：指物时，常用下列结构來I once lived in the house whose roof has tullen in.代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be rep aired,

9、The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be rep aired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?引导定语从句的情况(一)限制性定语从句中只能用that1. 当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除夕卜)，all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all, s

10、ome, no, little, few, much等不定代词修饰时。如：Have you taken down everything that Mr, Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.All that can be done has been done.。There is little that I can do for you.He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.注意：当

11、先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who,女山Any man that / who has a sense of duty won ' t do such a thing. All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important peopb.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。女山The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben,3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best film that I have ever

12、 seen.4. 当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns,注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词WhOo女山Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.5. 当先行词前面有 who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man th

13、at is standing by the gate?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词为人与物时。女thThey talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school(三)关系副词引导的定语从句day定1. when指时间，在定语从句屮作时间状语。当先行词是表时间的名词，比如time,week, month, year等；且定语从句屮缺时间状语时用when.若先行词是表时间的名词，语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用 that/which 引导。I still re

14、member the day when I first came to this schoolThe time when we got together finally arrived.Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his gran dp areDo you remember the days ( that/which ) we spent together last year? I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays tog

15、ether I will never forget the days that / which we spent together2. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语 若先行词是表地点的名词， 比如park,、 farm, place等；且定语从句屮缺地点状语时用where.若先行词是表地点的名词，定语从句屮缺 主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。Shanghai is the city where I was born,上海是我出生的城市。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. I visited

16、 the farm where a lot of cows were raised Shanghai is the city (which/that) I want to visit.I know a place where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous for its beautilul natural scenery.3. why指原因，在定语从句屮作原因状语。若先行词是reason;且定语从句屮缺原因状语时，用why引导。若先行词是reason ,定语从句屮缺主语或宾语，用 which/that引导

17、。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.I don ' t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.I didn ' t believe thereason (that/which) he ex plained to me注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。女口：From the years when / in which he was going to p rim ary school inthe country he had

18、known what he wanted to be when he grew up. Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live. The reason why / for which he reftised the invitation is quite clear.(四)“介词+关系代词which/whom "引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词 +关系代词”引出。The school (which / that) he once studied in i

19、s very famous.The school in which he once studied is very femous.Tomorrow I ' 11 bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.Tomorrow I ' 11 bring here the magazine for which you asked. This is the boy (whom/ who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whomi play

20、ed tennis with yesterday. We ' 11 go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for,We ' 11 go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditi

21、ons. The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions, 注意：1.含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开， look after, take care of等。This is the watch （which / that） I am looking for.（This is the watch for which I am looking .（误）The babies （whom / who / that） the nurse is looking after

22、 are very healthy.（The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（误）2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom,不可用who, that物时只可用 which ,不可用 that o The man with whomyou talked just now is （正）The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.（ The plane in which we flew to Canada was re a Uy

23、comfortable, we flew to Canada was re a Uy comfortable.（误）3 . “介词 + 关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, few等代词或者数词。如：正）正）;关系代词指 my neighbour. 误）（正）The plane in thatmany, most, each,He loves his p a rents dee ply, both of whom are very kind to him.In the basket there are quite many ap pies

24、, some of which have gone bad.There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life. 意事项：如何判断关系代词和关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句屮的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。例如： This is th

25、e mountain village where I stayed last year, ni never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.This is the mountain village （which） I visited la

26、st year.ril never forget the days （which） Ispent in the countryside.准确判断先行词在定语从句屮的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关you visited a few days ago?（错）（错）（对）（对）方法二： 系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museumA. where B. that C. on whichD. the one例 2. Is this the museumthe exhibition was held?D. the one 答案：先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词A. w

27、here B. that C. on which关系词的选择依据在从句屮所做的成分，（who, whom, that, which, whose） ；（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 状语）。（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，译法上：译成先行词的定语：.的”关系词的使用上： A.作宾语时可省略 B .可用that C .可用who代替whom非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：只是对先行词的补充说

28、明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上：A.不可省略B.不用that C .不可用who代替whom限制 性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only p erson that I could dep end on. China is a country which has a long history.In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with h

29、im.China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerftiLLast summer I visited the Peopie ' s Great Ha 11, in which many important meetings are held every year.（二）关系代词 as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：1. as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。女山He married her, as

30、 / which was natural.他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。He is honest, as / which we can see.他很诚实，这一点我们看得出來。2. as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句Z前、主句Z后，甚至还可以分割主句。which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如:As is known to alt China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a f

31、emous writer.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don' t believe.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which O女山Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.如:aso1.当先行词受such, so, the same修饰时，关系词

32、常用I ' ve never heard such stories as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：当先行词受the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有 区別。如：'s wedding. She wore the same dressShe wore the same dress that she wore at Maryas her younger sister wore.（三

33、）以the way为先行词时，若定语从句屮缺方式状语，定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且还可以省略。若定语从句中缺主语或宾语，用（that/which ）引导定语从句。The way （that / in which ） he answered the questions was surprising.I don ' t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her. I don ' t like the way (that/which) he told me.做定语从句题一般分三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词

34、在定语从句屮的语法功能（做主语、 宾语或状语）；笫三选择合适的关联词。Exercises:are three bedrooms in the house,is Mary's.A the smallest of which B the smaller of whichC the smallest of them D the smallest one finished.Greens will move into the new house next Monday,«Itwill be completelywas taken in london.A by the time B by

35、 which time C by that time D by this timehas a large collection ofphone,A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which 得知答案。as在定语从句屮作宾语。整句意为：我从未听说过像你告诉我那样有趣的故事。the fest development of agriculture.the peoplevillage I taught before liveda happy life.A who B whose C in whose D in which

36、is a mouta inthe top is aIways covered with snow.A whose B of which C it's D thatmay have missed her train, incase she wonl arrive for another hourA what B that C which D thisI have three children,and two ofare doctors.2)1 have three children, two ofare doctors.two thousand students in our schoo

37、l.A two-thirds in which B two-thirdsare girls.in them C two-thirdsof them D of whomtwo thirdshave bought two ballpens,writes well.(1 6ABDCBC 79B DDC )特殊结构定语从句点击1. These houses are sold at such a low pricepeople expected.A. like B- as C. that D. which2. Fve never heard so interesting a storyyou told

38、me.3, rve seen the same filmyou saw yesterday.A. that B which C. as D like4- ril buy the same coatyou wear.5. He made another wonderlul discovery,A. which I think is_ of great importance to science.B. which I think it isC which I think itD. I think is6.is known to everybody, the moon travels round t

39、he earth once every month,A. It B As C. That D. What7. This is the first timehe has been here.A. that B when C. at which D which8. I don't likeyou speak to herA. the way B. they way in that C. the way which D. the way of which答案与简析:1. Bo当先行词被such修饰时，定语从句用as引导，即构成结构为”such+ ( a/an ) +形容词+名词+ as“引导

40、的定语从句，意为 ”像 一样的“ O整个句子意为：这些房屋以人们原来估计的那样低的价格出售。2. A O 由 so interesting a story = such an interesting story和上面一题的解释便可3. A 4. Co当先行词被same修饰时，定语从句由that或as引导，但意思不同。用that引导定 语从句指同一物，而用 as引导定语从句指同类事物。5. Ao做此题的关键是要知道I think在定语从句屮作插入语，做题时将其去掉便可容易得到答 案。6. Bo A S在此引导非限制性定语从句，代表它所修饰的整个句了内容，并且它可放在所修饰句了的前、屮或后面。其常

41、见结构如：as you know, as is said above, as is often the case （情况经 常是这样）等。如选A,则需将逗号改为that；如选D,则需将逗号改为is that o等时，定语从句的引导词用 that而不7. A o 当先行词为 the first time, the last time用 whenothat或in which,也可省略。8. A o当先行词为 way时，定语从句的引导词用定语从句1 - This is the best factorywe visited last year .A. where B. which C. in whic

42、h D. thatthis the fectorycomputers are built ?A. that B which C. in which D. in thatpass me the dictionarycover is red .A. whose C. which D. which ofmanhas arrived A. whom I told you B. that I told youC whom I told you about him D. I told you about5. Do you know the comradewe are talking ?A. to whom

43、 B. to who C. whom D. to that6. They visited the housethe great writer was born .A. from where B. in which C. which D- in where7. The comradeis spcaking at the meeting is my teacher .A. whom B- which C. who D. whose 8- He asked us to watch careftiUy everything he did in class A. who B. that C. what

44、D where9.1 11 vis it the p rofessor tomorrow ,he will be back from Shanghai A. who B that C. when D. whichschoolI study is a new one A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which11. China has many islands,the largest is Taiwan A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which12. The citymy mother grew u

45、p is not far from here A. what B. where C. that D. which13. Our teacher lives in the housedoor faces to the north -14. Do you know the manyour father nodded ?A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whomis a sport inpeople easily get hurt.I know A. that B when C. which D what 16. I told youA. all that

46、B. all which C all what D. all whomis Lu Xun .has a lot of famous writers ,oneA. of which B of whom C. of who D. of them18. Is this factorywe visited last year ? A.in which B. around that C. whom D. the one19. Who is the manwas there ?20. Is there anythinglean do for you, sir ?A. that B which C. whose D. who21.1 still remember the dayshe first wore that green dress .A. which B in which C. on that D. on which22 The knifewe used to cut the bread is very sharp 23. The gamesthe young men competed in were difficult A. in which B. which C. it D. whorained hard yesterday.p re v