中考作文指导-Jessie (2)

1、一、题型特点：一、题型特点：书面表达是对学生的语言组织能力、行文表达能力、书面表达是对学生的语言组织能力、行文表达能力、基础知识、语法、词汇等综合驾驭能力的考查。基础知识、语法、词汇等综合驾驭能力的考查。中考书面表达贴近生活，贴近时代，给同学们一更多中考书面表达贴近生活，贴近时代，给同学们一更多的表达空间。的表达空间。作文题目由限制性题目到半开放性题目，提示性词语作文题目由限制性题目到半开放性题目，提示性词语越来越少，而给同学们的空间越来越大：越来越少，而给同学们的空间越来越大：中考英语考查形式多样：看图（表）写作、书信、通中考英语考查形式多样：看图（表）写作、书信、通知、日记、记人物等。知、

2、日记、记人物等。体裁包括：记叙文、说明文和应用文；体裁包括：记叙文、说明文和应用文；作文一律按档给分，与错误个数无直接关系。作文一律按档给分，与错误个数无直接关系。1 题目要求、内容要点；题目要求、内容要点；2 句子准确、通顺；句子准确、通顺；3 层次结构清晰；层次结构清晰；4 拼写、语法等错误；拼写、语法等错误；5 卷面整洁度；卷面整洁度；1 审题：审题：审清作文体裁（类型）时态、人称等细节；审清作文体裁（类型）时态、人称等细节；2 列提纲（文章结构框架）：列提纲（文章结构框架）：分几段，以及每段大体分几段，以及每段大体内容；内容；3 写作：写作：在提纲的基础上补充要点；在提纲的基础上补充要

3、点；4 复查：复查：2遍遍1遍看查拼写、语法、标点等问题；遍看查拼写、语法、标点等问题；2遍不出声读查，靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等；遍不出声读查，靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等；5 誊抄：誊抄：不允许做任何的更改。不允许做任何的更改。*总之做到总之做到三审三审：体裁、时态、人称；：体裁、时态、人称；三思三思：词汇：词汇短语短语句式；句式；三查三查：要点、拼写和语法、连贯。：要点、拼写和语法、连贯。 文章分文章分3段：段：（1）综述：）综述：概括性强，最多概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；句话引入主题；（2）正文）正文主要内容：主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。根

4、据要点展开写，一般展开连接词。根据要点展开写，一般展开3个方面（三个要个方面（三个要点），每个方面（层次）大概点），每个方面（层次）大概2句话；句话；（3）结尾：）结尾：紧扣主题，紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。句话内结束，尽量升华。例例1：利弊型作文：利弊型作文Microblog的利与弊的利与弊Para1: （综述）（综述）with the development of internet more and more popularPara2: （利）（利）First, convenient, anywhere, any time; Second, share with; Last, exp

5、ress views free, money-freePara3: （弊）（弊）However, one coin has two faces. On the one hand, a waste of timeaffect study; On the other hand, not safestolen, hurt feelingsPara4: （个人）（个人）As a student, make good use of it.例例2：计划安排型作文：计划安排型作文谈假期安排谈假期安排Para1: （综述）（综述）graduate from, holiday is coming, plan f

6、or this holidayPara2: （正文）（正文）Firstly, study comes first. make preparations for the first senior year; Secondly, visit tourist attractions; Last but not least, do sports to build up my body.Para3: I am sure Ill have a meaningful holiday. (Im looking forward to the coming holiday.) (I cant wait to en

7、joy my summer vocation.)1 书信书信Dear ., Im glad to receive your letter - Best wishes! Yours, Lucy a书信开头常用语书信开头常用语 I am very glad to receive your letter (hear form you). Hello, Jane. Is everything going (on) well? /How is everything going (on)? Im writing to you for some advice on how to Im writing to

8、ask if you can . How time flies! It has been months/years since we last met. Thank you for inviting me to . b 书信结尾常用语书信结尾常用语 Best wishes (to/for you). Wish you good luck. (I am) looking forward to hearing from you.2 图表、数字比例型图表、数字比例型（提出讨论或调查的事实）Last week, our class had a class meeting on (how to) Her

9、e are the results. （表达出不同看法或观点）Most students think While 20% of them choose to. Another 15 believe There are also some saying that （表达个人看法） As a student, I agree to3 说明利弊型说明利弊型 Nowadays is becoming more and more popular. It has many advantages . First, 优点1 Besides, 优点2 However, every coin has two si

10、des. It also brings us bad influences. On the one hand, 缺点1 On the other hand, 缺点2 In my opinion,个人观点 4 不同观点型不同观点型 We made a survey about whether we should 提出矛盾问题. Different people hold different ideas. Some believe 正方观点. First, 原因1 Besides, 原因2 While others dont agree. They think反方观点. On the one ha

11、nd, 原因1 On the other hand, 原因2 As for me,个人观点 5 解决问题型解决问题型 Recently, the problem has been more and more serious. should do something to solve it. Firstly, 方法1 Secondly, 方法2 Finally, 方法3 I am sure if everyone can make a contribution to , the will become better and better. 九、常用过渡性词语九、常用过渡性词语叙事文常用的句子间连

12、接词：At first; at last; in the endthen/next/after thatwhen/while/as soon as/not untilat the same time; at times; once in a while;so thatTo ones surprise/joyLuckily/fortunately/unluckily/unfortunatelyin a word/in all议论文常用连接词议论文常用连接词表示并列：eitheror; neithernor; bothand; not onlybut also; 表示递进的：besides; wh

13、ats more; whats worse; (moreover); 表示原因的：because; for; because of; thanks to; (for the reason that);表示结果的：so; as a result; sothat; therefore; 表示目的的：so that; in order that; (in order) to; for; 表示对比的：while; on the one hand + on the other hand; Each coin has two sides.; preferto; would rather dothan do

14、;议论文常用连接词议论文常用连接词表示转折的：however; but; 表示举例的：for example; for instance; such as; like; that is to say表示总结的：in all/short; in a word; in brief/ total; last but not least; last; 表示利弊的：be good/bad for sb.; be harmful to sb.; do harm to sb.; have great/much influence on sb.; sth. benefit sb.; sb benefit fr

15、om sth.; affect; have an effect on sb.; 表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy; be fond of; be interested in; show great interest in; lose oneself in; put ones heart into; be good at; be poor at; be weak in;议论文常用连接词议论文常用连接词表达个人想法的：I think/believe; (as) for me; in my opinion/view; as a student; from the bottom of my

16、heart; personally; 其他：in general; generally speaking; to be short; to be honest; to tell the truth; as we know; make up ones mind to do; in a way; 议论文常用连接词议论文常用连接词表达个人想法的：I think/believe; (as) for me; in my opinion/view; as a student; from the bottom of my heart; personally; 其他：in general; generally

17、 speaking; to be short; to be honest; to tell the truth; as we know; make up ones mind to do; in a way; 十、作文万能句式十、作文万能句式I will work hard to make my dream come true. I hope your dream will come true one day.It takes sb. +时间+to doSb. spend（某种人称时态）+时间/钱+on sth./ (in) doing sth.Its important/necessary/u

18、seful/useless/common(for sb.) to vIts nice/kind of sb. to v.Its time for sb. to do sth.Its a waste of time toIts years/days since sb. +vedIts great fun to do=sb. have great fun doingIts a pity thatIts an honor to十、作文万能句式十、作文万能句式Im/Were not allowed to Im afraid of making mistakesThere be doingGreat c

19、hanges have taken place insth is/are well worth v-ing.It seems/seemed thatIt seems (im)possible to vIt is said thatAs the saying goes, and . are different in many ways.too + adj./adv. to doThere are many differences between and 十、作文万能句式十、作文万能句式I have made up my mind to I am sure thatI am not sure wh

20、ether/ifI would rather . than It doesnt matter ifThank you for v-ing.If everyone can make a contribution to the earth/ nature/ society, our life will be better and better.十一、作文万能短语十一、作文万能短语have/look for a chance to dodo outdoor activitiesbe/get used to (doing) sth.learnfrombe proud of/ take pride in

21、play an important/active part/role in agree with sb. to do sth.with the help of sb.=with ones help (反义：without ones help)be/get ready to do sth.= be/ get ready for sth.pay attention totake good care of make friends withget on/along well with 十一、作文万能短语十一、作文万能短语wish you successful/successas time goes

22、bygraduate fromlooking back to the past three years,（用现在完成时态）pass the (final) examstick to doingkeep you mind on your goalsmake up ones mind to do sth. (on sth.)make a decision to dowork hard at Englishonce in a while/ at times/ now and thenfrom then on十一、作文万能短语十一、作文万能短语in the future（将来）/ in future（

23、从今以后）increase our knowledge/ enlarge our vocabularyin fact/as a matter of factin the beginning/ at firstfeel like giving uphave trouble/difficulty in (doing) sth.have (no) time to dohave experience in (doing) sth.follow ones advice/suggestions master some basic skillsbe required to doask sb. for helpcant wait to do十一、作文万能短语十一、作文万能短语be supposed to doencourage sb. to dodeal/do with work out/solve