非谓语动词作定语讲解及试

1、非谓语动词作定语讲解及试作者:日期:非谓语动词作定语一. 不定式作定语1. 不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示 的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作 。例如： She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.2. 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系，在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介?词。例如： Lets first find a room to live in / to put the th

2、ings in.We have nothing to worry about. (=There is nothing for us to worry about.)3. 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时，若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语，则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。(本结构是高考常考点)例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I . do . thin gs)Have you got anything to say at the meet ing? ( you. say . anything)Here is a letter

3、to be taken to Mr. Li.在there be句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。比较： There is nothing to do at present.(=We have nothing to do at present.)There is nothing to be done at prese nt.(= We can do nothing at prese nt.)二. -ing分词作定语1. 单个的-ing分词作定语一般 ，说明名词的性质、特征或用途等；-ing短语作定语一般 ;强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。例如：a sleeping car ( = a c

4、ar for sleeping )a sleep ing child ( = a child who is sleep ing )the boy sta nding there ( = the boy who is sta nding there ) The girl si nging is my classmate.2. -ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作或是在说话时该动作，否则，要用从句作定语。例如： Do you know the boy talk ing ( = who is talk ing ) to the teacher?Did you no tice the

5、 boy sitt ing (= who was sitt ing) at this desk yesterday?动作，-in分词表示一个 动作,-ing分词的被动式The man shaking (= who is now shaking) hands with Mr. Li visited our classyesterday.比较：误：He is the man visit ing our class yesterday.正: He is the man who visited our class yesterday.三.-ed分词作定语1.-ed分词作定语一般表示一个则表示一个的动作

6、。例如：a developed/developing countryHe is a stude nt loved by all the teachers.2.像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。例如： The stude nts, weari ng their school uni forms, marched into the playgro und.The substa nee, discovered almost by accide nt,has greatly cha nged the world.非谓语动词做定语1. Many building

7、s in the city need repairing, but the onefirst is the library.A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairi ng D. to be repaired2. rm calli ng to enquire about the positionin yesterdays Chi na Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertis ingD. hav ingadvertised3. After she completes the project, s

8、he II have.A. no thi ng to worry aboutB. no thi ng to worryC. no thi ng to be worried about D. no thi ng worry ing about4. His first book next month is based on a true story.A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published5. The rare fish,from the cook ing pot, has bee n returned to

9、the sea.A. savedB. sav ing C. to be saved D. hav ing saved6. A great number of studentsaid they were forced to practise the piano.A. to questi onB. to be questi oned C. questi onedD. questi oning7. They built a house.A. of the things to put inB. of the things to be put inC. for the thi ngs to put in

10、D. for the thi ngs to be put in8. That is the only way we can imagine_ the overuse of water in studentsbathrooms.A. reduci ng B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce9. There is a great deal of evideneethat music activities engage different partsof the brai n.A. i ndicateB. i ndicati ngC. to in dicate D. t

11、o be in dicat ing10. We are invited to a partyin our club next Friday.A. to be held B. held C. bei ng held D. holdi ng11. The treesin the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blow n dow nB. blow n dow nC. blowi ng dow nD. to blow dow n12. I have a lot of readingsbefore the end of this term.A.

12、 completi ngB. to complete C. completed D. being completed13. With the world changing fast, we have something newwith all by ourselvesevery day.A. dealB. dealt C. to deal D. deal ing14. The next thing he saw was smokefrom behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. rise n15. The government plans t

13、o bring in new laws parents to take moreresponsibility for the education of their children.A. forced B. forci ng C. to be forced D. hav ing forced16. On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr Gordonimmediately rushed home from office.A. says B. saidC. say ingD. to say17. The players

14、from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in thissummer game .A. select ing B. to select C. selected D. hav ing selected18. Sim on made a big bamboo boxthe little sick bird till it could fly.A. keep B. kept C. keep ingD. to keep19. Peter received a letter just nowhis grandma would come t

15、o see him soon.A. said B. says C. sayingD. to say20. The island,to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joi ning B. to join C. joi nedD. hav ing joined21. The rare fish,from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. sav ing C. to be saved D. hav ing saved22. Look over there t

16、here as very long, winding path up to the house.A. leadi ngB. leads C. led D. to lead23. Recently a surveyprices of the same goods in two different supermarketshas caused heated debate among citize ns.A. compared B. compari ngC. comparesD. being compared24. The abilityan idea is as important as the

17、idea itself.A. express ing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed25. Tsinghua University, in 1911,is home to a great number of outstandingfigures.A. found B. foundingC. foun dedD. to be foun ded26. we rehaving a meeting in half an hour. The decisionat the meeting willin flue nee the future of

18、 our compa ny.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. hav ing bee n made27. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope.A. providi ng B. provided C. hav ing provided D. provide28. Time,correctly, is money in the bank.A. to use B. usedC. usingD. use29. The lecture,at

19、7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of themoon with telescopes.A. starti ngB. being starti ngC. to start D. to be started30. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letterhim it.A. offeredB. offeri ngC. to offer D. to be offered31. “It s such a nice place, ” Mother said as she sat at the tablefor customers.A. to be reserved B. hav ing reserved C. r