2020-2021高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(附答案)

1、2020-2021高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目（附答案）一、高中英语任务型阅读1 .任务型阅读Asthma（哮喘）is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing-which are caused by the tightening of the muscles in

2、 airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments.Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution a

3、s environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.The Indoor PollutionIndoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other materials like dust and

4、 perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer.Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most often, they cause breathing pro

5、blems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune（ 自身免疫的 ）systems. Proper venting （通风）and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals.The Outdoor pollutionResearchers have also established outdoor pollutions ro

6、le as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutant

7、s and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are children. Although much h

8、as been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.The between asthma and air polluti

9、onTheof asthma lack of breath difficulty in breathing coughingThe possibleofuntreated asthma poor lung function death_ contributing toIndoor It is_ by building materials and heating andthe increased asthmapollutionair conditioning systems.some poisonous gases, dust and perfumesworsen pollution. Some

10、 material and chemicalsin modernhomes.Outdoor pollution Smog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n)number olung diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are to peoples health.ConclusionOnly when all countries join to

11、gether to limit carbon emissions can people befrom suffering environmental asthma.【答案】 relationship / relation / connection / association/ link; symptoms ; consequences/ results / effects ; Factors ; caused/ increased ; Besides ; remain/ stay ； increased/increasing; harmful ； prevented/stopped/ kept

12、/ away/ free/ freed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了哮喘产生的原因，从室内污染和室外污染两个方面来进行阐述。(1)考查信息归纳的能力。从题干结合文章内容，本文讨论了哮喘和空气污染的关系，从中文 关系，联系”出发，答案范围广。故填relationship / relation / connection / association/ link。(2)考查信息归纳的能力。结合第一段对哮喘发病情况的解释，可选择出总结词症状”。故填 symptoms。(3)考查信息归纳的能力。由文中的Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function

13、 anddeath,可知，这里是指 结果。故填 consequences/ results/ effects o(4)考查信息归纳的能力。根据原文第二段Thisdevelopment has pointed researchers tothe role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.,“结合题目后面 indoor pollution 和 outdoor pollution 得知， 这里是讲导致哮喘病增加的

14、因素。故填 Factors。(5)考查信息归纳的能力。原文用的是“indoorpollution has increased with结构，其实就是因果关系，所以这里是被动结构。故填 caused/ increased o(6)考查信息归纳的能力。对原文 in addition to进行替换，表示 除了，还包括”的意 思。故填Besides。(7) 考 查信息 归纳的 能力。 原文 these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes”指的是这些材料并没有随时间消失，一直存在。故填 remain/ stay。(8)考查信息归纳

15、的能力。根据原文倒数第二段中的sawnore and more diseases in theindustrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.,”可知是越来越多的疾病。故填 i

16、ncreased/ increasing。(9)考查信息归纳的能力。根据 sawmore and more diseases in the industrial populatio n.Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illn

17、esses.可知，这类污染物对人体有害，会导致疾病。故填 harmful。（10）考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的Until an international effort can be made tolimit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.可知是需要各个国家的通力合作才能阻止碳排放量，prevent/stop/ keep/beaway/ be free/ free from dong阻止“固定搭配，表示否定含义。原题中有can be所

18、以后面用过去分词表示被动，故填 prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed 。【点评】本题涉及信息归纳能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑 关系，结合相关的语法知识和语法知识，从而写出正确答案。2 .任务型阅读Just as team members today have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles. By knowing how other members of your learn and organization think-and by o

19、thers knowing how you think everyone can be more productive. So how should you evaluate how you and your team think? After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results.Focus. Do you tend to pay the most attention to ideas, process, action,

20、 or relationships? For example, in the morning do you think about the problems you need to solve, the plans you need to make, the actions you need to take, or the people you need to see? This isnt about picking one to the exclusion（排除）of the other. Its about where your focus naturally lands.Orientat

21、ion（方向）.A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings. Are you more likely to complain about getting dragged into the weeds or about things being too general and not specific enough? These dimensions are complementary（补充的）to personality, skills, and t

22、raditional roles.Combination. By combing these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. When you know your thinking style, you know what naturally energizes you, why certain type of problems are challenging or boring, and what you can do

23、to improve in areas that are important to reaching your goals. Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you. In this way, your thinking style becomes a useful tool-a kind of social currency-for the team. Imaging you put together a team to work on

24、a new initiative（行动）.Wouldnt you like to know who is energized by bigpicture strategy discussions and who finds them frustrating? Who likes to work on the details of the execution? And who is energized by managing the team dynamics?The landscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find n

25、ew and better ways to connect and communicate. We all want to work better together, the challenge is actually making it happen. Understanding collaboration（ 合作）through the way of thinking rather than doing is a practical and powerful step forward.What kind of Thinker Are You?Introduction Bothassigne

26、d doing roles and thinking roles areimportant among team members. Teammembers knowing how each other think canproductivity.Threesteps inthinking styles The first step is to identify the focus of yourin aparticular context. It is not about making an either -or, but about findingwhere your focus natur

27、ally lands.*The next stop is to identify your orientation swingstoward the big picture or the details.*It can help others form a full understanding of you.*The third step is tothese two dimensions and see yourthinking style at work.*It to the understanding of other team membersthinking styles.In thi

28、s rapidly changing world, understanding othersthink instead of what they do can help you work better together.【答案】equally; improve/increase ； evaluating ； thinking ； choice ； whether ； combine ；contributes/leads ; Conclusion; how【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，正如今天的团队成员分配的角色一样，也应该有思考的角色，两者同样重要。团队成员彼此了解，会产生更大的效果。文章

29、主要是介绍了评 价思维方式的三个步骤。(1)考查细节理解。根据第段中的Just as team membersdday have assigned doing roles,there should also be thinking roles.可知，指派的角色和思考角色两者之间同样重要。可知 答案为equally o(2)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的Bywowing how other members of your team andorganization think - and by others knowing how you think - everyone can be more p

30、roduc tive. 可知，团队成员彼此了解会提高生产力。可知答案为 improve/increase。3 3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的After a lot of tria-and-error, we developed a three-stepmethod that delivers practical and meaningful results.”评价思维方式的三个步骤。答案为 evaluating。4 4)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Agood way to identify your orientation is thinkingabout what tends to bot

31、her you in meetings. 可知，第一步是确定你在某一特定环境下的思维 焦点。可知答案为 thinking。5 5)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的Its about where your focus naturally lands.它是关于你的焦点自然降落的地方。答案为 choiceo(6)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的Agood way to identify your orientation is thinkingabout what tends to bother you in meetings.可知，下一步是确定你的方向是否向大方向移动。可知答案为 whether。(7)考查

32、细节理解。根据第四段中的Bycombining these two dimensions you can knowabout the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose.第三步是将这二维空间结合起来，看看你的想法。答案为 combine。(8)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的Once you know your style, it helps to share it withothers, and have others share theirs with you. 可知，它导致了其他团队成员对思维方式

33、的理 解。故答案为 contributes/leads 。(9)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的Theeadscape of business is changing rapidly, andwe have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate.可知此处是得出 的结论。答案为 Conclusion o(10)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的The leadscape of business is changing rapidly, andwe have to find new and better ways to connec

34、t and communicate.在这快速改变的世界， 理解别人的想法而不是他们所做的可以帮助你更好地工作。根据句意可知答案为how。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，考生需要准确掌握所给材 料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。3.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diet

35、s, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slow moving.I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit

36、is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports there are such separa

37、te activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.Even after you have fo

38、und a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation.Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation.

39、 It seems ironical ( 讽刺性的 ),though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.A. be active and practise YogaB. There are some aspects of our unhealthy lives that we

40、 cannot avoid.C. and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at themD. physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the otherE. they spent most of the time out of doors F. you are still only half way to good health G. It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all t

41、houghts, meditation, and so on.【答案】B; C; F; G; D【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。主要讲述作者针对如何保持身体健康这一问题给出 了一些建议。(1) 考查上下文的语境理解。由 I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. 可知这 里意思是我们不健康的生活中，有些方面是无法避免的，

42、故答案选B。(2)考查上下文的语境理解。 由 For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports 一以及一there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. 可知如果 你不擅长它们，做这些运动将特别困难，故答案选Co(3) 考查上下文的语境理解。 由 because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and ph

43、ysical relaxation.可知这里意思是你仍然在身体健康的半路上，故答案选F。(4)考查上下文的语境理解。Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known andpopular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. 这里提至 U了 怎么做瑜伽， 故答案选Go(5)考查上下文的语境理解。由 It seems ironical (讽刺T生的),though, that as our lives have improved in a ma

44、terial sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity 以及一which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.可知这里意思是一方面体力耗费，另一方面放松，故答案选 Do【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤1)分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。2)研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3)复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要 把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。4. (2018?浙江)根据短文内容

45、，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you wantto make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighb

46、or should.Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property（房产）neat, clean, and in good repair.By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the n

47、eighborhood seriously. When going for a walk. Take along a small garbage bag.This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Le

48、t them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good n

49、eighbor that everyone appreciates.A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do sho

50、pping.E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly【答案】G; F; E; B; C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了乔迁新居后更好更快地融入新社

51、区的四大策略：如保持清洁卫生、做个热情的有心人等。G此处是承上启下的句子，即呼应上一句确保你做一个好邻居应该做的事”，后概括下文做一个好邻居应该注意那些技巧”，故答案为GoF 根据下文强调的 outside of the home ,联系到上文 keep your property（房产）neat, clean, and in good repair,所以此处谈论如从外观上让邻居接受你，故答案为F。 E 前文的 small garbage bag 是为了 “ pick up waste paperB备的， 后句的 This small act 就 是指捡废纸的这一举动，故答案为E。B此处是本段

52、的主题句，后一句中的offer to collect mail and newspapers正是帮助邻居做一些小事情的表现，所以答案为BoC 此处是本段的主题句, 后句中的respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you,and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood 均是 considerate behaviors , 故答案为 Co【点评】这是一篇说明文，重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨， 并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义

53、通顺的选项，注意 段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻 辑，必要的话做适当修改。5 任务型阅读Last week the electricity in my flat went out. I had just got home from work and was happily making my tea, when all a sudden I was surrounded by complete darkness. I tried to fix it but failed. I had to wait for an electrician to c

54、ome in the morningI sat down to eat my half-cooked dinner. And then I wasnt really sure what to do. My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social mediaSo for me it was anearly night. And I couldnt help but think, do we rely too much on electricity? That night, losing our ele

55、ctricity felt like losing a basic necessity. As basic as running waterI use electricityall the time, even when its not really necessary.It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that, but if we continue to use the same large am

56、ount of energy we will soon run out.So, shouldnt we start preparing for it now? Cutting back on our use of electricity would make losing it easier, and also save energy resources so that they could last for longerAnd ifeveryone does the same, we can make a big difference.A. Tonight this wasnt possib

57、le.B. Obviously, we cant survive without it.C. Our over-use of electricity is a big problem.D. This left me a whole night without any electricity.E. Electricity brings us convenience and trouble.F. But really, weve grown to take electricity for granted.G. I know for sure that I could cut down on my

58、use of electricity.【答案】D； A； F； C； G【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一场突如其来的停电让作者意识到电的宝贵，也使作者开始反思自己浪费电的行为。作者决定从自己做起，开始节约用电。( 1 )上面内容提到突然停电，“我 ”想修但没修好，D 选项 “这使我一个晚上都没有电”是上面内容的结果。故选D。( 2 )上一句提到：平时，我都是通过看电视，浏览社交媒体来度过晚上的(My typicalevening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media )，下一句提到：所以，对我而言，今天晚上是一个很早的晚上( So for me it was an early night) ; A选项 今天晚上，这不可能了”是停电后的