(英语)高考英语高中英语被动语态技巧(很有用)及练习题

1、（英语）高考英语高中英语被动语态技巧（ 很有用 ） 及练习题一、单项选择被动语态1 103 When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center , for theNational Games are to be held then.A will be constructing B will have been constructedC has been constructing D is being constructed【答案】B【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个现代化的体育中心将

2、已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语nextAugust,排除C, D两项，再根据 a modern sports center和construct是被动关系，排除 A 项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选B 项。2 I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I that they well.A have told; washB have been told; washC was told; washedD have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉过我他们

3、洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。选B。3 The officer commanded that everyone passing by that day.A searchB would be searchedC be searchedD must be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。command 后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，（should） +动词原形，此处 everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为C。

4、4 To my ， he was not a little at the news that he had won the first prize inthe English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well.A astonishment； astonishingB astonished； astonishingC astonishment ； astonishedD astonish； astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查 astonish 相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是,他对这个消息并

5、不感到惊讶.to one'sastonishment 使某人感到惊讶的是 “”； be astonished at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 “”。故选 C.5 Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion? Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene to have made it out safely.A have thought B are thoughtC had thought D were thought【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意： 你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?是的

6、，在现场的35 名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2 个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.6 In no timeby a string of measures backing Hainan s efforts to deepen reform andopening-up.A the landmark decision was followedB was the landmark decision followedC did the landmark decision follow ；D the landmark decision had been followe

7、d;【答案】A【解析】【详解】考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。In no time （立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选A。【点睛】关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的be 动词，情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，比如 seldom， hardly， at no time, in no case, on no occasion 等位于句首时，比如，Hardlydoes he get late. 第

8、二， only 修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如only in this way can wesucceed而本题中in no time （立刻，马上）,不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。7 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A can be the patients treated8 the patients can be treatedC can the patients be treatedD treated can be the patients【答案】C【解

9、析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加50%的医生，这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。"only状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选 C项。考点 : 考查部分倒装8 Various efforts in the past decades to protect the environment.A had made B have madeC were made D have been made【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades 可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts 是句子主语，复数形式，

10、和谓语动词make 之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。9 Many subway stations, including the one near our school, at present for a bettertransport in the city.A are constructing B are being constructed C is constructing D is being constructed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行

11、，句中主语Many subway stations 和动词construct 是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B.【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad. 一批东风卡车正被运往国外。1) “be being done中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing 变为 bebeing done.例 1. The students are cleaning the classroom

12、 now.fThe classroom is being cleaned now.现在学生们正在打扫教室。(are cleaning 变为 is being cleaned)例 2. The boy is counting some sheep. meSheep are being counted.那男孩正在数羊。(is counting 变为 are being counted)10 Chinese kites in ancient times in the shape of birds.A design B had designedC were designed D have been d

13、esigned【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancienttimes 可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。11 The classroom by students every day.A cleans B cleanedC is cleaned D is cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom,单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day,可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，

14、故选C。12 107 The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they in thesnowstorm.A were trapping B were being trappedC are trapping D are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的said 判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“ betrapped in排除A和C;句中表示 被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选B。点睛：对时态

15、的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。13 The plan for Xiongan New Area officially on April 1, 2017.A announced B was announced C announces D is announced【答案】B【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017 年 4 月 1 日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。14 Quantities of soil in the area, resulting

16、 in the increasing number of natural disasters.A is washed away B have washed awayC have washed away D have been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响，故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。15 Did he decide to take part in the competition? Yes, of cou

17、rse. He to.A has been encouraging B had been encouragedC has been encouraged D was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意： 他决定参加比赛吗？ 是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he 和动词 encourage 之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。16 It s so humid these days! Don t worry! The rainto stop from t

18、omorrow.A will expect B expectsC will be expected D is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意： 这些日子天气潮湿。 不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，"expec诔示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain 与 expect 之间是被动关系。故选D。17 （江苏四校第四次考试）The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures ofthe missingshortly.A will b

19、e publishedB have been publishedC had been publishedD are published【答案】A【解析】考查时态。shortly 不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案：A18 Have you heard about that school bus accident? Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver .A were savedB was savedC have savedD has

20、been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为： 你有没有听说那起校车事故？ 嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard.可知，事故发生在过去，且all为主语，和save 逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A 符合语境。19 scores of times, but Derek still couldn t understand how to use past participle in aconcrete situation.A Having explainedB Having been explainedC Tho

21、ugh it was explainedD It was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子，排除 A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。20 Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A has held B will be heldC will hold D has been held【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exam

22、s和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完 成，排除D,故选Bo21 The letters for the bosson his desk but he didn t read them until 3 days later.A were putB was putC putD has put【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter信件”和put放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除 C和D,然后因为letters是复数，谓语动词用were put, 故选A。22 Commercial and recre

23、ational fishing population sizes and also made individualssmaller, since big fish and smaller ones thrown back.B had decreased; are keptD has decreased; are keptA decreased; kept C has decreased; keep 【答案】D【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时

24、态的被动语态，主语big fish 与 keep 是被动关系，故答案为D。23 The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry femalepassenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A should have avoidedB should be avoidedC could have avoidedD could have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查 “情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15 人死亡的事

25、故本来是可以避免的。could have done 本来能做而没有“做 ”，且句子主语Theaccident 和谓语动词avoid 之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done 结构：1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只 用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. " can / could + havei+去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句，could 的语气

26、较can 弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.3. may / might + have过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测， might 的语气比may 弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can 或could。 如： They may not have known it beforehand.4. “need + have+去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多 余。如：I needn't have bought so much wine only five peo

27、ple came.5. “ should / ought to + have +过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to 的语气比should 强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6. “ would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说

28、明某一情况，但不像用should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.24. -The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.-Yes. It nearly 20 metres.A. measuresB. is measured C. will measureD. is mea

29、suring【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。是的。它近20米。measure此处意为 测量，量起来 '；为不及物动词，后接量的结果，不用于被动语态或 进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为it,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选Ao25. As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou intooperation.A. will be putB. are putC. will have been put D. are be

30、ing put【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据我们所知，距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。all the metro lines与putinto operation是被动关系，应使用被动语态；在时间状语从句 中，主句是一般将来时，遵循 主将从现”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时。故选 Bo26. 一 Why didn ' t you attend the assembly this morning?But I anything about that.A. didn ' t tellB. haven' t told C. hadn '

31、t been told D. haven' t been told【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即 had been done ,故选C项。27. I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.A. won't be seenB. wasn't seenC. hasn't been se

32、enD. hadn't been seen【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning 可知，这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time 可知，此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He 和 see 之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。28 The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts with successin the end.A rewardedB were rewarde

33、dC will rewardD will be rewarded【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：根据句尾的in the end 可知，事情发生在将来，用将来时。2. 确定语态：efforts 和 reward 是被动关系，应该使用被动语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力终将会得到回报。综上，用一般将来时的被动，故选D。【点睛】一般将来时1. 表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow 、 next week 等)。2. 表示一种趋向或习惯动作。例如：We ll die wi

34、thout air or water.3. 表示趋向行为的动词如come, go, start, begin, leave 等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。4. be going to 与 will / shall, be to do, be about to do 用法及区别：(1)shall / will do 表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。(2)be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will do 则能，表意愿。例如：If it is fine,

35、we ' ll go fiShng.(If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.( 错误 )(3)be to do sth. 表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。例如： A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o clock this afternoon.(4)be about to do sth. 表示 “即将 /正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用，但可与when 引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do sth when sb did sth 。例如： Aut

36、umn harvest is about to start.t live there any more.29 The house, which last night, my aunt but she doesnA was broken into; is belonged to B broke into; is belonged to C broke into; belonging to D was broken into; belongs to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句

37、意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，breakinto破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to属于“，无进行和被动语态， 结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为 belongs to。故选D。30 It is that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.A reportedB to reportC reportingD being reported【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：据报道，金融危机正在一些国家消退。句中It 为形式主语，that 引导的从句为主语从句，是真

38、正的主句的主语，所缺词为主句谓语动词，主语与动词report是逻辑上的动宾关系，是动作的接受者，所以用被动语态。故选A。31 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn t you drive him there? I . But my car .A would; was fixedB would have; was fixedC would have; was being fixedD did; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送

39、他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done ；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。32 By the end of last year, another new hospital in our city.A would completeB would be completedC was completedD had been completed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：去年年底为止，我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有bythe end

40、of表示 到为止”如果后面接过去的时间，句子要用过去完成时。本句中 by the endof last year， by 后是过去的时间状语，句子要用过去完成时，故选D。【点睛】By表示时间，意为 到时为止”；该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接 by后面是现在的时 间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果by 后面是过去的时间状语，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语By 2012the population of this c

41、ity will have risen to 20 millon.到 2020 年，这个城市的人口将增至二千万。By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.当简到家时，她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了33 This kind of clothwell and large quantities of the cloth .A is sold； have been soldB is sold; has been soldC sells；have been soldD sel

42、ls ; has been sold【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选sells;第二空表示出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为C。34 Don t worry. The hard work that you do now later in life.A will be repaidB was being repaidC has been repaidD was repaid【答案】A【解析】试题解析：考查时态辨

43、析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语later in life 意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的now 混淆， that you do now 在句中充当 the hard work 的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选A。考点：考查时态辨析。35 A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth .A to be visitedB being visitedC visitingD to visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意

44、义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doingsth 值做“得某事 ”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C 项。36 in a red dress, she was easy toin the big crowd at the airport.A. Being dressed; pick outB. Dressed; pick outC. Dressed; be picked outD. Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿

45、着 ，作状语表状态，故用 dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形 式表达被动意思，所以用 pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1 .主语+ be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome（使人疲劳的）,interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc. 注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补 足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2 .主语

46、+be +adj. + enough +to do。3 .主语+be +too +adj. +to do。4 .不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主 动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.5 .There be句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6 .在 疑问代词+不定式”结构中。1.1 et, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。8. with+O.+to do结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用 pick out。故B选项正确37. This is one of the best films.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have show