高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练解析细节题解题指导

1、2019高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（解析）-细节题解题指导（1）A(2013年高考英语专题训练）（此篇是科学知识类，题目有细节理解题，推断判断类，以及猜测词义，形式多样，能够很好地训练学生阅读理解能力） “Old wives tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example，most of us remember our parents telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there an

2、y truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking，but others have not passed the test of time.Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macu

3、lar degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜)is good for you，too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.Unfortunately, not all of Moms advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have

4、been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems？Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.Even though science can tell us that so

5、me of our traditional beliefs dont hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientifi

6、c support to prove it true or false.语篇解读我们大多数人都记得父母告诉我们要吃某些食物或者不要去做某些事情.这些告诫是对旳吗？实际上，其中一些是与现在旳医学思想相符合旳，而另外一些却经不起考验.文章举了例子，并指出即便当我们寻找明确旳科学证据来证明它旳对错时，我们也应该尊重这类知识.1Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.B. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.C. Sw

7、imming after a meal is dangerous.D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.解析事实细节题.从第三段最后一句Sticky sweels made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.可以看出，sticky sweets旳确可以对牙齿造成危害.答案B2The author develops the third paragraph mainly_.A. by cause and effectB. by

8、order in spaceC. by order in time D. by examples解析推理判断题.第三段第一句是主题句.随后，举了饭后一小时内游泳和吃糖这两个例子来证明主题句.因此，这一段是通过举例来构成段落旳.答案D3The phrase“ hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“_”A. to be believable B. to be valuableC. to be admirable D. to be suitable解析猜测词义题.从最后一段第一句可知，虽然科学告诉我们有一些传统观念不可信，但是这些

9、老妈妈们旳说法还是有一些正确旳地方.hold water指“可信旳”.答案A4What is the authors attitude toward“old wives tales”in the text?A. Subjective. B. Objective.C. Dissatisfied. D. Curious.解析推理判断题.纵观全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法旳正确性，又说明了一些传统观念没有科学依据.尤其是文中最后一段作者表明了对这些观念旳尊重，因此可以看出作者旳态度是客观旳.答案B*结束例1（2012江苏卷）Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen

10、Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel pricesand crop-eating insects. The country's fanners are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultu

11、ral census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growinggroup of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the2012 statistics are completed.Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopesof encouraging more

12、 students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop thegraying of .America's farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agricultureat No.1 on a list of "useless" college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about thepost

13、ing, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.“There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect," Merrigan said. "We know that there aren'tenough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.In addition, a grow

14、ing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more foodproduction by 2050, she said.“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time recordhigh, and global supplies are at all-time record lows," said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Fa

15、rmBureau. "Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have theopportunity to be involved in agriculture. "The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasinginterest in locally grown food. The National Young F

16、armers' Coalition has also been pushing for stateand federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.Ryan Best, president of Future Fanners of America, has been living out of a suitcase, travelingthe country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21 -ye

17、ar-old Besthopes his message-that this is a new time in agriculture-will motivate the next generation to turnaround the statistics. Never before have we had the innovations ( 创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “theres

18、really a place for everybody to fit in.”59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?A. Fewer and older farmers.B. Higher fuel prices.C. More natural disasters.D. Lower agricultural output.点拨 A 细节理解题.根据第一段第三句“The countrys farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in lin

19、e to take their place”可知，A项正确.60.Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?A.To draw federal agriculture officials' attention.B.To select qualified agriculture graduates.C.To clarify a recent blog posting.D.To talk more students into farming careers点拨 D 细节理解题.根据第二段第一句中“is making s

20、tops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture”可知，D项正确.pretend they care when they really dont care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time whe

21、n they like.26. How does the author understand Maxies word?A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B. Maxie really wished the author a good day.C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.D. Maxie really worries about the authors security.点拨 D 细节理解题 根据文章旳第一段最后两句可知，特别是“cares about me and wishes me

22、well”等字眼.可知道是B项.28. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may _.A. try to be polite to youB. express respect to youHitoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology student at TempleUniversity in Tokyo reports similar experiences.Question:What is the similarity between Doreen Sykora and Hitoshi Sakamoto?A. They a

23、re students from the same university. B. They failed in all the examinations.C. They both had experiences of test anxiety. D. They both had the same poor studying habits.Exercise 2I used to think education was the most important thingin my life. Recently my attitude has begun to change,although I st

24、ill hold that it is essential for everyone inthe world today. As a top junior student in my college, Iwas asked to make a speech on how to learn English well.Standing in front of the audience and facing so manyfreshmen, I was trembling. I didn't remember any wordthat I had prepared. I van out of

25、 the conference room withoutfinishing my speech, leaving everyone puzzled. I criedthat night in my room, feeling that I was a loser. Studyingtakes up so much of my time that I feel unable to reallydevelop myself.I am just storing knowledge, which Ican'tcommunicate with others. I have received ma

26、ny awardsin school, but they don't necessarily reflect anythingabout me. I don't know how to socialize. When I leaveschool 1 fear I will be of no use to society.Question:The author feels fearful that she will be of no use tosociety mainly because.A. she is unable to develop herselfB. studyin

27、g takes too much of her timeC. she does not know how to communicate with othersD. she feels that she is a failureExercise 3However, the best way to see New York is undoubtedlyon foot. Central Park is an ideal place to start a walking tourof New York City843 acres of shining ponds and lushgreenery at

28、tract locals and tourists. And apart from offeringbreathtaking scenery, it is a centre for recreation. Visitorscan listen to music groups, watch performers, walk alongthe trails and even take a romantic ride in a horse carriage.Question:According to the passage , you can do all the following things

29、in Central Park EXCEPT.A. enjoy the beautiful scenery B. watch great performance C. go for a swim D. take a ride on a horse carriage.Exercise 4Be careful when driving on country roads at night in cold weather. Cattle and native animals such as kangaroos lie on the bitumenroad surface which holds the

30、 warmth of the sun. Car lights can blind and mesmerizethe animals and they may just as easily run intoyour vehicle as run away from it.Question:When driving on a country mad at night in cold weather, divers should be careful not to hitA. children B. some animalsC. other cars D. low flying birdsExerc

31、ise 5There are other kinds of music that are important toAmericans. One is called folk music. It tellsstories about the common life of Americans. Another is called country music. This was started by cowboys whowould sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life an

32、d the love betweencountry boy and his girl is called country music.Question:From the passage we can learn that country music today is about.A. the common life of AmericansB. country life and love storiesC. the life of cowboysD. the school life in AmericaAvoid high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or

33、 creamy may have large amount of fat. Choose learn Exercise 2Most painters discover a style of painting that suitsthem and stick to that, especially if people admire their pictures. But Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was likea man who had not yet found his own particular style ofpainting. He ke

34、pt on struggling to find the perfectexpression till his death in 1973.Some ofPicassos paintings are rich, soft colored andbeautiful. Others are ugly, cruel and strange. But suchpaintings allow us to imagine things for ourselves. Theyforce us to say toourselves. “What does he see that makeshim paint

35、like that?" And we begin to look beneath thesurface of the things we see.Picasso painted thousands of pictures in differentstyles. Sometimes he painted the natural look of things: Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces. He showed us what the mind knowsas well

36、as what the eyes see. At the age of 90 he remainedas curious about the world as he had been when he wasyoung. That is why people have called him "the youngestpainter in the world".Questions:1. In the passage the writer mainly wants to tell us_A. something about some pictures which have dif

37、ferentstylesB. something about Picassos style of paintingC. that it is not easy for a painter to find his own styleD. that Picasso never found his own particular style2. The ugly, cruel and strange paintings by Picasso_A. make us try to notice something inside the painted thingsB. allow us to ask questions about themC. force us to question everything we seeD. cause us to think that what Picasso saw was different from what we see3. Picasso is regarded as "the youngest painter in th