第三章读写任务解题技巧分析与演练

1、 根据以上表格中的内容，思考并完成以下根据以上表格中的内容，思考并完成以下填空题。填空题。 1. 读写任务主要考查学生的概括能力和综合语言应用能力。首先试题要求以约_个左右的词概括一段_词左右的全文，也可能是概括其中的某个段落或某个方面。2007年高考题只是要求概括父亲的期望；2008年和2009年高考题要求概括短文的内容；2010年、2011年和2012年高考题要求概括全文内容。然后，让学生围绕要点进行写作，要点一般有_个，但字数要求大约120个词，对表达方式、句数及采用的例证不作限制，一般说来，考生都有话可写。303200 2. 阅读材料的难度略低于高考阅读部分的文章，均来自于外国网站或英

2、美报刊，一般没有生词。都是考生熟悉的话题，与考生的学习或生活密切相关。六年体裁多种多样，分别为_、_和_三种体裁。在备考中，除练习已出现的这三种文体外，我们还应加强说明文的训练。 3. 本题满分25分，六年广东高考考生平均分_分左右，得分率均在40%左右，因此如果考生在此题找到有效突破口而获得高分，势必拉开与其他考生的距离。记叙文议论文应用文10 如何概括如何概括 【即时导练】【即时导练】 I. 句子浓缩：按照括号内的方法要求改句子浓缩：按照括号内的方法要求改写下列句子，在横线处填上合适的单词写下列句子，在横线处填上合适的单词。 1. As a matter of fact, Ill do w

3、hat I can to pull him through. (使用单词代替短语) _, Ill _ to pull him through. 2. Zhouqu, which was called the most beautiful place in Ganshu, was destroyed by mud-rock flows in one night. (使用单词短语代替句子)Zhouqu, _ _ _ _ in Ganshu, was destroyed by mud-rock flows in one night.Actuallytrythe most beautiful plac

4、e 3. While he was living with his parents, he seldom water trees as his parents told him to do it. (简化句子，避免繁冗表达) While _ with his parents, he seldom water trees as _ _. 4. The Peoples Republic of China will never suffer from any foreign interference. (使用缩略语) _ will never suffer from any foreign inte

5、rference. 5. What he had said left a deep impression on the children present. (改变词性) His words deeply _ on the children present.livingtold toChinaimpressed II. 段落概括：请阅读下面段落，用所给方段落概括：请阅读下面段落，用所给方法技巧概括全篇，且不能抄袭原文。法技巧概括全篇，且不能抄袭原文。 Passage 1：Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other

6、hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. 用删除细节，只保留主要观点技巧删除细节，只保留主要观点技巧进行概括：_。 本段前面陈述细节，最后得出主要观点：We are foolish if we judg

7、e a person only by his appearance Passage 2：Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal backgrou

8、nd. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. 用提炼的概括词而不是具体细节词的技巧提炼的概括词而不是具体细节词的技巧进行概括：_ _。 关键词Joshua Bingham涉及5次，与graduation 有关的著名大学教育经历4次，根据 with honors和excellent及a corporation lawyer本段概括为：Joshua Bingham received an excellent education Passage 3：There are many ways for us to defeat a

9、passive self-image. First write down all of the great things you do every day and dont allow doubts to occur in it. Then, actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Next, change the way you think and work on those you need to improve a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on

10、 the back, youll know youre well on your way. Good luck! 用省略事例技巧进行概括：_。 根据过渡词First，Then，Next等确定第一句There are many ways for us to build a positive self-image是概括句，其它句子属于举例 Passage 4：Mrs Smith glared at Mr Smith, saying, “Look! You always put yourself behind the newspapers, watch football matches on TV

11、or play games on computer whenever you get home, Paul. Its not fair for your wife! She shouldnt spend the whole life on housework. Shes not a machine but a human.” 用把对话内容转换成间接引语技巧把对话内容转换成间接引语技巧进行概括。_。 Mrs Smith complained about her husband not helping her with housework Passage 5：More and more peopl

12、e like climbing Mount Tai to see the Sun-rise. Even more people like to share coolness in Lushan Mountain in summer, and quite a few people enjoy the beautiful scenery in Mount Huang. It is all because better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services

13、today have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting beautiful mountains ten years ago. 用避免重复技巧避免重复技巧进行概括： 在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明，但是这在概括中是不能会重复论证说明，但是这在概括中是不能使用的，应该删除那些突出强调的重述词、使用的，应该删除那些突出强调的重述词、句。本段前三句的重复论证表明了越来越句。本段前三句的重复论证表明了越来越多人喜欢登山，故概括句可为：多人喜欢登山，故概括句可为：_

14、Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.如何写好记叙文体的概括如何写好记叙文体的概括 【即时导练】用大约【即时导练】用大约30左右词数概括左右词数概括下列文段下列文段。Passage 1 Martin Luther King, a famous freedom fighter, spent his whole life fighting

15、 for rights for black people in the USA. By doing this he set an example for the rest of the world. His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated in the same way as other people. It was in 1963 that Martin Luther King gave the speech “I Have a Dream” to thousands of

16、 black people who marched on Washington DC, the capital of the USA. It made him famous all over the world. The following year, King received the Nobel Prize for Peace. In the same year, a new Civil Rights Act was passed and in 1965 a new Voting Rights Bill became law. From then on, all black people

17、had the right to vote. Martin Luther King was murdered in 1968. However, he had already changed the whole of society in the USA. Soon after his death, black people started enjoying the rights they had waited and fought for so long. 写作内容 1. 概括短文的内容要点, 该部分的词数大约30左右； 2. 有许多的伟人都是为了争取人民的自由而奋斗一生甚至献出了自己的生命

18、。请你就马丁路德金的一生发表自己的观点, 写一篇120词的短文： （1）读了短文之后, 你觉得Martin Luther King是一位怎样的人? （2）你觉得他给整个世界的人们带来了什么? （3）你觉得自由重要吗? 为什么值得我们去追求? 阅读写作内容2可知，考生要就马丁路德金的一生发表自己的观点。带着主题阅读文章，形成概要，参照记叙文概括段落模板，用两句话概括如下： 文体段落模板原文语句改编后语句记叙文介绍故事内容，即人物，主要事件和结果等。 人物：Martin Luther King主要事件：spent his whole life fighting for rights for bla

19、ck people in the USAgave the speech in 1963received the Nobel Prize for PeaceA new Civil Rights Act was passed and all black people had the right to vote.结果：King was murdered in 1968. However, he had already changed the whole of society in the USA. Martin Luther king used his whole life to fight for

20、 the freedom and rights of black people in the USA. Though he was murdered, the whole society of the USA had been changed.Passage 2 One night my wife was preparing dinner while our son was busy writing something on a piece of paper. I was so curious about what on earth he was writing that I got clos

21、e to him for a look. Here was the paper which read: For washing the car $ 5.00 For playing with little sister $ 0.25 For getting a good report card $ 5.00 For cleaning the dinner table $ 2.00 Total $12.25 With an eager look, he gave it to his mum, standing there expecting payment. After reading it,

22、my wife didnt say s word, but picked up the pen and turned the paper over. She quickly noted down something as follows: For 10 months I carried you No charge For the toys, food and clothes you have No charge The full cost of my love No charge No sooner had our son finished reading it than he had big

23、 tears in his eyes. He gave hismum a tight hug and said, “Mummy, I love you!” Then he took the pen and in great big letters wrote on the “bill”: “ALL PAID.” Both of us looked at each other with smiles, knowing that our son had realized mums love was priceless. 写作内容写作内容 1. 以约30个词概括短文的主要内容。 2. 以约120词，

24、以“母爱无价”为题，记一件有关母爱的感人事件，包括以下内容要点： (1)描述你读完短文的感受； (2)以个人或自己朋友的经历写一件有关母爱的感人事件； (3)总结你对母爱的看法。 阅读写作内容2可知，考生要以“母爱无价”为题，记一件有关母爱的感人事件。带着主题阅读文章，形成概要，参照记叙文概括段落模板，用两句话概括如下： 文体段落模板原文语句改编后语句记叙文介绍故事内容，即人物，主要事件和结果等。 人物：a little boy and his mum 主要事件：The little boy was writing on the paper, expecting his mums paymen

25、t for what he had done.His mum noted down “No Charge” for everything she had done for her son.结果：The son had realized mums love was priceless. A little boy expected to get paid from his mum for what he had done. But mums “No Charge” note made him aware that mums love is unconditional and priceless.如

26、何写好说明文体的概括如何写好说明文体的概括 【即时导练【即时导练】Passage 1 No wonder English poses (形成) such a challenge to non-native speakers. This most global of languages has more words than any other, over 1 million according to the Global Language Monitor. Out of this number, the average American college student has mastered

27、 between 8,00015,000. Realizing that words are the building blocks of language, many Chinese students tryhard to catch up. They make out long lists of words often in alphabetical order and simply memorize their definitions(释义) and Chinese meanings. The bad news is that definition memorization does t

28、hem little good when it comes to college entrance tests like the SATs. For these tests, a student needs to understand, not simply parrot words studied. The good news is that there are better ways to build an academic English vocabulary Vocabulary Learning System. The first thing to do is to develop

29、an organized, but easy means of collecting and learning new words. We recommend a card system that includes the following information: Word Simple Definition in English Phrase or Sentence Related Words Synonyms (同义词) and Antonyms (反义词) with a Chinese translation on the reverse (背面) of the card. The

30、advantage of this system is that with a single card, a student can learn not just one word but a group of related words. Keep your cards on a detachable (可分离的) metal ring, so you can carry them around and add to your collection daily. 写作内容写作内容 1. 以约30词概括以上短文的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词以“有什么记单词的好办法?”为主题写一篇短文，

31、并包括如下要点： （1）举例说明你的英语老师教给你某种记忆单词的好方法； （2）说明好的记忆单词方法的重要性; （3）为应对高考你将如何加强单词记忆？ 1. 阅读写作内容1可知，要用约30个词概括全文内容； 2. 阅读写作内容2，带着主题阅读文章，形成概要的基本框架：当今记单词现状揭示一些不良的记英语单词方法建议采用一套词汇学习系统。 3. 参照说明文说明某现象型概括段落模板，用两句话概括如下：In the passage the author tells us some bad and poor ways of memorizing English vocabulary and advise

32、 a vocabulary learning system, which enables students to learn a group of related words. Passage 2 I think the awareness of the parents in China on the importance of education is growing. More and more parents will try really hard to get the best possible education they can get for their children. S

33、o, it is important that what the government offers for education is as good as it can get. And there have been a lot of changes in thinking, in education, in the last 20 years on how it should be approached, what is the best way of learning. Society is changing very quickly. None of us can stop lear

34、ning when we leave school. So we must create life-long learners. We, ourselves must be life-long learners. But we must make sure that our students understand that they will never stop learning. They must also become independent learners, because, at some point, no one tells you; you must do your hom

35、ework. They have to do this on their own. So that makes them become independent. It makes them responsible for their own learning. It is not just the teacher giving and the students sitting back and taking it in. The students have to participate and take an active role. But to give the students the

36、feeling that they are active, they should be active both in and out of the classroom. And students need to have international understanding, which can not be fully got in the classroom. For example, they cannot learn about Iran or about Canada, because it is just words on paper or even words on a sc

37、reen or pictures on a computer. 写作内容写作内容 1. 以约30词概括以上短文的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词以“学习的变化”为主题写一篇短文，并包括如下要点： （1）谈谈学习形式的变化给学生带来的影响； （2）举一两个事例说明不同的学习方式产生不同的效果； （3）你的看法。 1. 阅读写作内容1可知，要用约30个词概括全文内容； 2. 阅读写作内容2，带着主题阅读文章，形成概要的基本框架：什么事物（Para 1、2: changes in way of learning）、说明哪些方面变化（Para 3: create life-long learner

38、s；Para 4: become independent learners；Para 5: active）、特点（Para 6: international understanding及not be fully got in the classroom）； 3. 参照说明文描写某事物的性质功用型概括段落模板，用两句话概括如下： In this passage the writer hopes all students will become active, independent and life-long learners. In the process of learning, they

39、should try every means to get a better understanding of the world.如何写好议论文体的概括如何写好议论文体的概括【即时导练【即时导练】Passage 1 It seems to be commonly accepted that a punctual person will be a winner everywhere. A punctual person is always one step ahead of others. Often we say plan work and work plan. But if you don

40、t stick on your work punctually, how can you become a better person in your life? Punctuality is essential for man in every walk of life. For students it is a great blessing. If you are punctual youwill get enough time to do your work according to your plan. In hospitals, punctuality can make all th

41、e difference, of course between life and death. If you keep time, you will face fewer difficulties. You need respect and admiration from people who work with you. Everybody likes to work with you. On the contrary an unpunctual person loses peoples respect and trust. He generally causes inconvenience

42、 to others. Punctuality is important everywhere. In business also this is very important. If you want to be a successful businessman, you have to be very particular in keeping time. The failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. The necessity of doing our work p

43、unctually should be emphasized more because we live today in a complicated society where each work is dependent on the other. Punctuality being so important in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit. 写作内容写作内容 1. 以约30个词概括短文的主要内容。 2. 以约120个词就“守时的重要性”为话题发表你的看法，内容要点包括： （1）这篇短文给你的启示；

44、 （2）以你或你的朋友的一次经历说明守时的重要性； （3）谈谈今后自己该如何守时？ 阅读写作内容1写作内容2，带着主题阅读文章，形成概要的基本框架：本文是典型的议论文，第一段为论点，第二、三自然段为论据，最后一段为结论，首尾呼应。论点、论据和结论分别为：论点a punctual person will be a winner everywhere 论据(1) If you keep time, you will face fewer difficulties. (2) Punctuality is important everywhere 结论Punctuality being so impo

45、rtant in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit. 参照议论文体概括段落模板，概括如下： The passage highlights that punctuality is necessary for any one in every walk of life. He also emphasizes that punctuality plays an important role in life and highly recommends that everyone should cultivate th

46、is habit. Passage 2 In one way of thinking, failure is a part of life. In another way, failure may be a way towards success. The “spider story often told, Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13 th century, was hiding in a cave from the English. He watched a spider spinning a web. The spider tri

47、ed to reach across a rough place in the rock. He tried six times without success. On the seventh time he made it and went to spin his web. Bruce is said to have taken heartand to have gone on to defeat the English. Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, made hundreds of models that failed before he

48、 found the right way to make one. Abraham Lincoln, the famous American president, lost elections more times than he won them! He never gave up in the face of failure but kept trying and was eventually elected to Congress and then the presidency. So what? First, always think about your failure. What

49、caused it? Were conditions rightWere you in top from yourself? What can you change so things will go right next time? Second, is the goal youre trying to reach the right one? Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about this question. “If I do succeed this time, where will

50、it get me? This may help you prevent failure in things you shouldnt be doing anyway. The third thing to bear in mind about failure is that its part of life. Learn to “livewith yourself” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You cant win them all.” 写作内容写作内容 1概括短文的内容要点，该部分字数大约30词左右； 2以“Is Failur

51、e a Bad Thing”为题写一篇文章，包含以下内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右。 （1）失败是生活中的常事； （2）人们对失败所持的不同态度； （3）你对失败的认识。 阅读写作内容1写作内容2，带着主题阅读文章，形成概要的基本框架：本文是典型的议论文，第一段为论点, 第二、三、四自然段为论据，论点和论据分别为： 论点 Examples were given to prove that failure is not only a part of life but may be a way towards success. 论据(1) You should always think a

52、bout the causes for your failure. (2) Think about the goal to help you prevent failure.(3) Bear in mind that failure is part of life. 参照议论文体概括段落模板，概括如下： Examples were given to prove that failure is part of life, which paves the way to success on condition that one would reflect on failure positively

53、 and face it courageously.如何构思与拓展如何构思与拓展 读写任务夹叙夹议文体举例读写任务夹叙夹议文体举例【即时导练【即时导练】Passage 1 阅读下面微博上的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 (China Daily) BEIJING Couch potatoes will be able to enjoy TV dramas without interruption once a new regulationcomes into effect next year. The regulations prohibits ads from breakin

54、g up TV dramas, which last 45 minutes on average. The ban was released on Monday by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and goes into effect on Jan 1, 2012. The top broadcasting watchdog (监督部门) is now requiring all TV broadcasters to rearrange their programs and delete ads that ar

55、e scheduled to air in the middle of soapoperas and other dramas. Shi Lan, spokeswoman of Dragon TV in Shanghai, one of the most profitable TV channels in the country, said she and her colleagues are still discussing what changes they can make to keep the loss caused by the ban to a minimum. “Its unr

56、ealistic to say that the restriction wont cost us anything,” said Shi. “But still, we plan to strictly follow the rules.” Other TV channels, among them theInternational Channel Shanghai, which is broadcast in English, and the New Entertainment channel, said they show few TV dramas and therefore expe

57、ct to see little to no effect from the restrictions. 写作内容写作内容 1以约30个词概括新闻内容； 2以约120个字围绕“禁止电视剧中插播广告”发表你的看法； （1）谈谈你对此禁令的看法； （2）描述一次你在看电视剧时受广告干扰的经历；（3）假如你是广告商，你又有什么看法?A possible version： According to the news, a new rule to ban ads from getting in TV dramas will be put into effect on Jan 1st, 2012. Som

58、e TV channels will be affected while others wont. Having read the news, I cant help keeping applauding for the new ban. How brilliant it is! As is known to us all, many TV audiences often complain about TV dramas that are suddenly interrupted by ads. There is no denying that such ads are annoying. O

59、nce I was absorbed in my favorite TV series Xuebao, the ads came. Whats worse, it appeared every 20 minutes especially when the TV series reached its climax. I had to put up with such interruption. If I were the manager in an advertising company, Id also subscribe to the ban, for it can encourage TV

60、 channels to put audience first. As for the loss, Ill think of other ways of advertising to make up for it. Of course, I sincerely hope another channel will be opened for ads.Passage 2阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 In addition to teaching here, I also teach at a smaller high school 17 miles down the fr