“一般将来时”的几种语法形式

1、学习好资料欢迎下载“一般将来时”的几种语法形式一般将来时的语法形式主要有四种：shall / will +动词原形；be goi ng to +动词原形；现在进行时和一般现在时。现将这四种形式分述如下：一、 shallshall / / willwill + 动词原形1. will 可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时，用于第一人称I 和 we,作为will 的一种替代形式。以You and I 为主语时通常避免用shall。例如：He will be back soo n. 他很快就会回来。I shall/will be free on Su nday.星期天我有空。You and

2、 I will work in the same factory.你和我将在同一工厂工作。2. will, shall 可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预 言将要发生什么事。例如：It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。3. will, shall 除可表示单纯的将来时以外，还可以带有意愿的色彩，仍指的是将来。 例如：I ll buy you a bicycle for your birthday.你过生日时，我给你买一辆自行车。（表示允诺）Will you open the door for me please? 请你帮我开门好吗？（表示请求）

3、Shall I get your coat for you?我可以为你拿外套吗？（表示提议）二、 bebe goinggoing toto + 动词原形1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象， 判断将要或即将发生某种情况。 这类句子的主 语可以是人，也可是物。例如：There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow after noon.明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）I feel terrible. I think I m 我感到难受极了，我想我快不行了。Look at those black clouds! It

4、 s go 看看那些乌云！天快要下雨了。2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已做出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意 图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。例如：He isn t going to see his elder brothtomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will 互换。例如：I think it is going to/will rain this evening.我认为今晚要下雨。注意：（1）be going to

5、 和 will 在含义和用法上略有不同。be going to 往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will 多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如：He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习， 准备参加考试。（不学习好资料欢迎下载能用 will 替换)Can somebody help me?谁能帮我一下吗？I will.我来。(不能用 be going to 替换)(2)在 if 之后，通常不用 will 表示预言，但可以用be going to 表示意图。例如：If you are going to go to t

6、he cin ema this eve ning , youtter take your c6atwith you. 你若今晚去看电影，最好带着外套。be going to 也常可以用于主句之中。例如：If you invite Jack, there s going to I 如果你邀青杰克，那就要惹麻烦了。如果表示将来的意愿，will 可用于条件从句。此时will 为情态动词。例如：If you will learn to play football, I如果你想学习踢足球，我可以帮你。三、 现在进行时表示位置转移的动词 (女口 go, come, leave, start, arrive

7、, return, send, move, travel, fly 等) 禾口其它几个动作动词 (女口 do, begi n, work, spe nd, play stay, happe n, have, fini sh, jo in, eat, die,meet 等)常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事 是事先安排好的。例如：The Brow ns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。What are you doing tomorrow? 明天你做什么？The train is arrivi ng at

8、nine o火车将在九九点钟至 U。在特定的上下文中，这类动词有时也可不带时间状语。例如：Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow.Why? What s happening?明天穿你的旧衣服来上学。为什么？有什么事？四、 一般现在时1.动词 be;表示位置转移的动词(如 go, come, arrive, leave, return 等)和表示开始，结束”的动词(如 start, begin, open, finish, end, close 等)与一般现在时和表示将来的时间状 语连用，表示时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的动作或事态将要发生，日

9、程不易改变，口气肯定。例如：School finishes on January 18th.学期一月十八日结束。Are you free next Tuesday evening? 下周二晚上你有空吗？The party starts at fou r thirty , does n晚会四点半开始，是吗？Mr. Green leaves Beiji ng for home tomorrow.格林先生定于明天离京返家。2.在由 when, before, as soon as, until / till 引导的时间状语从句和由if 引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。例如：学习好资料欢

10、迎下载If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we II go to th 如果 h 明 天 a 不 eF 雨，我们就去东湖。I must finish my homework before my mother returns. 我必须在妈妈回来之前做完家庭 作业。3.在 hope 后接表示将来时间的宾语从句中，也可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，hope的主语往往是第一人称。例如：I hope you (will) have a good holiday. 我希望你假日愉快。I hope he comes (will come). 我希望他会来。be going to句型“ b

11、e going to 动词原形”表示将要发生的事，或打算、计划、决定要做某事。常与表示将来的时间连用。如：tomorrow, tomorrow morni ng / after noon / evening, this eve ning, n extweek / mo nth / year 等。be 是助动词，随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。否定句在be 后加 not, 一般疑问句将 be 放句首大写。例如：I am going to have a swim tomorrow. 我打算明天去游泳。They aren t going go have any lessons next wee 他们

12、下星期不上课。Is Li Lei goi ng to play basketball after school? 李雷打算放学后去打篮球吗？Where are you going to meet?你们打算在哪儿见面？On the road outside the school gate.在校门口的马路上。一般将来时一、一般将来时的动词形式一般将来时由助动词 shall 或 will 加动词原形构成，shall 用于第一人称，will 用于 第二、三人称。但是现在第一人称一般也用will，其区别并不明显。般将来时的句式肯定句否定句疑问句I (We) shall (will)I (We) shal

13、l (will)Shall I (we) go?go.not go.Will you (he, she,You (He, She,You (He, She,they) go?They) will go.They) will not go.三、一般将来时的用法般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况:I will （shall） arrive tomorrow.我明天到。Will you be busy toni ght? 你今晚忙吗？注意：在时间或条件状语从句中，一般不能用将来时态，而用其它时态代替。（参 考“时间学习好资料欢迎下载和条件状语从句中的时态”）四、表示将要发生的动作或情况，除了用一般将来

14、时外， 还有一些其他结构和时态:1.“ be going to+动词原形”表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。 如：It is going to rain. 要下雨了。aWe are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。be going to 和 will 相比，be going to 通常表示主观， will 通常表示客观。如：Next year my little sister will be 10 years old.明年我妹妹就十岁了。（属客观事实）在表示打算或准备做某事时，如不提时间、条件等时，多用be going to 这个结构,

15、用一般将来时是很少的，特别是在口语中：He is going to buy a dicti on ary.( 很少说 He will buy a dictio nary.)他打算去买一本字 典。2.“ be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。如:1The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 这个男孩明天要去上学。Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗?3. “ be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不 跟时间状语。如：学习好资料欢迎下载We are about to

16、leave.我们马上就走。The film is about to begi n.电影马上就要开始了。4.一般现在时表示按计划或时刻表要发生的事（限于部分动词， 女口：come, go, arrive,leave, start, begin, return 等）女口：The meeting starts at five oclock. 会议五点开始。He gets off at the next stop. 他下一站下车。5.现在进行时表示按计划安排要发生的事（限于某些动词，女口： go, come, start, move,sail, leave, arrive, stay 等） 如:rm

17、leavi ng for Beiji ng. 我要去北京。we re having an English evening tonight. 我们今晚有英语晚会。一般将来时小比较shall, will, be goi ng to三者可以用于表示将来。在英国第一人称用shall，第二、三人称用 will ;在美国三个人称均用will ;在口语里一般多用be going to.例如：明年我 14 岁”可译成：rm going to be fourtee n years old n ext year.I shall be fourtee n years old n ext year.I will be

18、 fourtee n years old n ext year.在一般疑问句中，在第一人称中可用：Shall I (we) ? Am I? Are we 表示 建议”； 在第二、三人称中可用will you ? will be (she, they) 也可用 Are you (they) going to学习好资料欢迎下载Is he (she) goi ng to意思相同。例如：1. Shall we go there by bus?Are we going there by bus?2. Will you meet him at the stati on?Are you going to m

19、eet him at the stati on?3. Will they go to Shan ghai tomorrow?Are they going to Shan ghai tomorrow?这三对句子分别译成：1. 我们乘公共汽车去那儿好吗？2. 你去车站接他吗？3. 明天他们去上海吗？但以下几点值得注意：一、情态动词 shallshall 用于第二、三人称表示：1. 允诺。例如：You shall do exactly as you wish.你可以按你想的做。2. 命令。例如：You shall do as I say.你必须按我说的做。学习好资料欢迎下载在问句 Shall I (

20、we)?中表示征求对方意见。例如：Shall we go for a walk? 我们去散步好吗？Shall I go with you? 我和你一起去好吗？二、 WillWill 可以表示：1. 意愿。例如：门 I do my best to help you.我愿意尽力帮助你。2. 猜测。例如：He ll be upstairs.他一定在楼上。3. 习惯动作。例如： He will arrive last and will be the first to leave. 他将是最后到最先 走。4. 坚持。例如： Well fight on un til fin al victory is w

21、o n.我们一定要战胜到赢得最后的胜利。在问句 Will you .?中表示 请”、要求”。例如：Will you have some more tea?再要一些茶吗？三、 bebe goinggoing toto 表示将来，一般含有 计划中的或 从现在看来是必然的意思。在条件从句的主、从复合句的主句里，因语气不十分肯定，一般不用be going to,而用 shall,will。Unit 10习题精选(一)、根据句意用适当的单词填空。1. September is the_ mon th of a year.2. In China, spri ng is from _to_ .3. Toda

22、y is the last day of November. Thats November the_4. _ 1st is our National Day, and_1st is Children s Day.5. _ s the first day of the week, and_is the fourth day.6. The last mon th, that is, the_month of a year is_7. Among the four_ , I like_best, because the_ isnt too hot一、英汉互译。1. sound like_3. fas

23、hi on show_5. keep fit_7. min eral water_9. fill with _2._计算机科学_4._ 同时_6._ 飞行员_学习好资料欢迎下载too cold. and its the- for the farmers , too.学习好资料欢迎下载8. The_ seas on in Chi na is wi nter. It_from December三、 单项选择。()1. Im going to do some_A. shopB. shopp ingC. shop ingD. shop()2. Im going to have_ rest after

24、I finish my homework.A. /B. some C. a D. the()3. -Are you going to buy apples?Yes, _ .A. I doB. I amC. it isD. they are()4. The teachers will have a meeti ng_Friday after noon.A. inB. onC. at D. with()5. There is going to_a football game tomorrow.A. haveB. be C. has D. is()6. He is going to school_.

25、A. in n ext Sun dayB. for next Sun dayC. to n ext Sun dayD. next Sun day()7. How are you_ here?A. comingB. going to comeC. coming toD. going()8. In spri ng, flowers start to _A. come fromB. come inC. come outD. come over()9. It rains_ today tha n it_ yesterday.A. much heavily; hadB. more heavily; wa

26、sC. much heavily; wasD. more heavily; did( )10. -_ .-Yes, it is.A. It really is a hot day todayB. It is really a hot day todayC. It is a really hot day todayD. It is a hot really day today.四、 阅读理解。学习好资料欢迎下载One day some beggars（乞丐） were sitting under a tree to have a rest. They saw many people coming

27、 and going.One of the beggars said, Look! These people are very busy. They must go to work or go home. They must work or doa lot of housework. But we n eed nt go to work and we n eed nt do any housework. We are very happy! Ano therbeggar said loudly （ 大声 地）,“You areright. How happy we are! ” At that

28、 time, another beggar said, Ah.Don t say thatso loudly or the people on the road will envy （ 嫉妒）us. ”根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。（）1. The beggars were sitt ing in side a house.（）2. Many people were coming and going on the road.（）3. The beggars were happy because they were free.（）4. Many people en vied the beg

29、gars.（）5. The beggars en vied the people on the road.答案：、略。二、 1. nin th2. March, May 3. thirtieth 4. October, Ju ne 5. Su nday. Wed nesday6. twelfth, December7. seas ons, autu mn, weather, or, harvest seas on8. fourth, lasts, to February三、 15 BCBBB610 DACDB四、 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. FUnit 10习题精选（二）、根

30、据中文提示写单词。1. My uncle us a_ （业余的） writer.2. I want to be a_ （新闻记者）.3. Is she an art_ （编辑）？4. My father is goi ng to study_ （经济学）5. There is a_ （时装）show on the street.6. I , goinghtald stamp_ （展览）tomorrow.7. These_ （游客）come from England.8. They re going to take（艺术）lessons.二、单项选择。学习好资料欢迎下载（）1. What did

31、 you have_lunch?A. as B. like C. for D. to()2. Can you_En glish? Yes, but only_ .A. say, a little B. speak, a little C. talk, few D. speak, little()3. Is there_ today s newspaper?A. anything in teresti ng inB. someth ing in terest ing inC. anything in teresti ngD. someth ing in terest ing on()4._ ba

32、d n ews it is!A. What B. How C. What a D. How a()5. His an swer is differe nt_ .A. about us B. from us C. about ours D. from ours()6. What_ you_n ext week?A. are, doing B. /, doing C. do, do D. are, going to do()7. The boy with his mother_ to see his aunt every mon th.A. go B. goes C. are going D. i

33、s going()8. We are going to_ the film tomorrow.A. see B. look C. look for D. look at()9._ going to travel all over the world.A. The Smith is B. The Smith areC. The Smith isn tD. The Smiths are()10.1 m going to do_ .A. what do I want to do B. what to doC. what I want to do D. I want to do what三、用适当的介

34、词填空。1. She is look ing_ a job_ China now.2. I want to com muni cate better_ their kids.3. It s time_ supper. What_going out a walk after supper?4. Kate goes to_ London_her pare nts every years.5. Does you father come_ Beiji ng?6. Some of the stude nts go to school_ bike, others_foot.7. My gra ndpa g

35、oes_ a walk n ear the river_supper every evening.学习好资料欢迎下载8. She reads En glish_ school.学习好资料欢迎下载四、 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Her father_ （ come） back in an hour.2. What_ your uncle_ （ do） ? He is a worker.3. If you_ （ not go）soon, you will be late.4. Jim is good at_ （ swim）.5. Who_ （ take） part in the party

36、last night?6.1 am sure he_（ be） a good boy next year.7.1 picked up the pen and_ （give） it back to Mr. Wang.8. Do you know the girl_（ call） Mary?五、 阅读理解。Mary is a nice En glish girl, but she lives in Pairs. She is six and a half years old. Her mother says to her,“ You re six and a half years old nowdMouyai going to go toschool here. I m sure you will like it very much. It is a nice school.”Is it an En glish school?” Mary asks.“ Yes, it is. ” Her mother says.It is September and the new school year begi ns. Mary goes to school every day. She likes her less ons verymu