初中英语句型装换题归类与指导

1、初中英语句型装换题归类与指导在英语考试中， “句型转换”题所占分值较大， 是为了全面考查学生在初中阶段 所学的词汇（同义或反义）、短语、句型和语法等方面的知识及其它的之间的灵 活运用 能力。I.题型介绍所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子 A,再根据括号内的要求 （有时没有明确，须自己观察），在第二个句子 B 的空白处填上适当的词来完成 的句型转换。n.题型分类从形式上看， 有如下几种形式： 某一词或词组的转换； 词组与句子 的转换；同义句型的转换；为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有：句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述 句（肯定与否定）、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感

2、叹句的转换；句子结构方面的 转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换；语态的转换。即主动语态与被 动语态之间的转换；常用句型与词汇手段的转换。川.具体分类如下一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换1 、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句， 大部分是用 not 来改变谓语结构， 但 也有借用否定意义的词，如 nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly 等，例如：A： Tom does well in maths. B ： Tom doesn t do in maths.A： He has much to do.B ：He has

3、 nothing to do.A ：All of my classmates like art.B ：None of my classmates likes art.2 、改为疑问句。 根据上下句的结构和词的减少， 来判断变为哪一种形 式的疑问句。例如：A ：My brother often has breakfast at school.B ： Doesyour brother often havebreakfast atschool?A ：Toms already weak in English.B ：Toms already weak in English, isnt heA ：The

4、red light changes every two minutes.B ：How often does the red light change?3 、改为感叹句。 根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性， 来确定 使用哪一 种感叹句的形式，例如：A ：This is an interesting book.B ：What an interesting book this is!或 How interesting this book is!二、同义句转换。根据上句，写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句，此类形式繁多，内容 复杂，涉及面广，归类如下：1 、同义词或词组之间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一致

5、)。常见的同义词或词组有： (1) 四个“花费”( spend take cost take )；(2) 三个“到达”( get to reach arrivein/at ) ; (3)四个 “收至 U 来信” (hear from get a letter from receive a letterfrom have a letter from) ； (4)两个“擅长于”(be good at dowell in )；(5) 两个“有空”( be free have time)；(6) 三个“入睡”( go to sleepgetto sleep fall asleep )； (7)两个“玩

6、得开心”( enjoyon eself have a good time ) ； (8) “给打电话”(call sb teleph one sbringsb. a call makea teleph one to sb.) (9) “飞往” (fly to- goto by air/pla ne ) (10) “自学”(teach on eself lear n by on eself ) (11) 在方面帮助 helpwith- help(to)do (12)在差 be weak in-dobadly in (13)能/会can be able to(14) 更喜欢like bettert

7、han-prefer to (15)充满了be full of - be filled with (16)放弃干give up doing -stop doing (17)不再 no Ion ger not anyIonger(18)照顾 / 保管 take care of - look after(19) 展览 on show ondisplay(20) 阻止干 stop from doing keep/prevent from doing (21) 由于thanks to because of (22)举手 hands up put up one s hands(23) 最后，终于 at

8、last in the end(24)与不同 be different from -be notthe same as(25)从借入 borrow from- lendto(26)乘公汽/火车/的士 go to by bus/train/taxi take a bus /train/taxi to(27)乘 自行车去go to by bike ride a bike to (28)为感至 U 自豪 be proud of - bethe pride of(29)步行去- walk to - go to on foot (30)独自地 byoneself alone 等。例如：A：The chi

9、ldren had a good time in the park.B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有 It seems that 从句 fSomebodyseems (to be) +adj/nIt s kind of sb. to do Somebodyis kind to do What doesmeanfWhat do you meanby? 或 What s the meaningof ?There is something wrong with Something is wrong w

10、ith notuntil与 when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换 What swrong with?fWhat s the matter with？Howis?fWhat slike?How do you like?fWhat do you think of?Its time that Its time for sb. to doIts said that People say thatCan I help you?fWhat ca n I do for you? 例如：A：I went to bed after I finished my homework.B：I di

11、dn t go to bed until I finished my homework.3 、if 引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：A：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, they ll go to the park.B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they ll go to the park.A ：If you don t hurry, you B ：Hurry up, or you ll be late.ll be late.A： Fish can t live if there is no water.B： Fish can t live wi

12、thout water.4 、现在完成时态中的一句多译。 在现在完成时态中， 结束性动词不能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有：buy have,borrow keep, die be dead, ope n be ope n, jo in be in+ 组织 /be a + 成员, begin be on, leave be away from, close be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/goto be in/at, finsh be over, go to sleep be asleep ，get upbe up.例如： The

13、 old man died five months ago.The old man has been dead since five months ago.The old man has been dead for five months.It s five months since the old man died.Five months has passed since the old man died.5 、简单句与复合句之间的转换含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如:A： I saw they were playing football on the playground. B:I

14、saw them playing football on the playground.A: The teacher found that she was very clever.B: The teacher found her very clever.A: He found that it was hard to learn English well.B: He found it hard to learn English well.A: We are sure that we will win to first match.B: We are sure to win to first ma

15、tch.由疑问代词 /副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句 +不定式”结构。例如:由 because 引导的原因状语从句可转化为 because of例如:A ：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?B ：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?A ：We dont know what we should do next.B ：We dont know what to do next.2由 when/after/before/while/since/until转

16、化为 when/after/before/while/sine/until + doin 例如：A ：They went home after they finished their work.B ：The went home after finishing their work.A ：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China.B ：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.When sb. +be+ 数词 +years old at the age of+ 岁数A：Whenh

17、e was twelve years old, Edison started writing his ownnewspaper.B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his ownnewspaper.3由 sothat引导的结果状语从句可转化为 tooto do或eno ugh to do . 例如：A：The box is so hea vy that I can t carry it. B： The box is too heavy forme to carry.或： The box isn t light enough for me

18、 to carry.The child is so old that he can go to school.The child is old enough to go to school.4由 so that 引导的目的状语从句可转化为 in order to do 例如：A： My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.B： Myfather got up early this morning in order to catch the earlybus.引导的时间状语从句可A：B：A：W

19、e didnt go to the park becauseit rained.B: We didnt go to the park because of the rain.定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如：A：The man who is on the bike is Jim.B：The man on the bike is Jim.A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss.B：The man driving the red car is my boss.A：The girl who is called Mary is my s

20、ister.B：The girl called Mary is my sister.6、 用并列连词 neither nor ；either or ； both and；not onlybutalso 连句。例如：A：I havent seen a TV play for long, and Lily hasnt either.B：Neither I nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.A： Tom is good at maths, and he is good at French, too.B： Tom is good at both maths an

21、d French.neither nor,either or和 not only but also 连接两个主 语时，谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定，即“就近原则”，但是 bothand 用来连 接两个主语时，谓语复数。7 、主动语与被动语态的互变。“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。“三变”即是主语， 谓语和宾语的变化，“二不变”即时态不变，句式不变。例如：A： They make watches in the town.B： Watches are made by them in the town.由 because 引导的原因状语从句可转化为 because of例如:A ：I can finish the work be