下载本文档
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、浅析海明威的一个干净明亮的地方精品资料AbriefanalysisofAClean,Well-lightedPlace英语语言文学刘阳子202230810130AbstractErnestHemingwaywasawell-knownwriterintheliteraryworld.Hisdistinctivelycrisp,unadornedstyleleftAmericanliteraturepermanentlychanged.HisshortstoryAClean,Well-lightedPlaceisoneoftheclassicworksinmodernAmericanlitera
2、ry.HemingwaywasonememberoftheLostGenerationwhichwascalledbyGertrudeStein.Hehasextraordinarywritingskillswhichbringhimreputationtillnow.Asweallknow,“IcebergTheory“isatrademarkinhiswritinglife.Throughthebriefanalysisofthisshortstory,wewillgetmuchmoreinformationofhismasteryofshortstorywriting.摘要厄内斯特海明威
3、是文学实际一位享誉盛名的作家.他那特殊的、干净直接的、不加修饰的写作技巧给美国文学带来了长远的变化.他的短篇小说?一个干净、明亮的地方?在现代美国文学当中是经典之一.海明威是迷惘的一代的其中一员,这个称呼来自格特鲁德斯泰恩.他拥有独特的写作技巧,这给他带来了知道如今都存在的名望.我们都知道,冰山理论是他写作生涯中的标志性的东西.通过对这篇小故事的简单分析,我们能得到更多了解海明威在短篇小说的写作的大师级的技巧.1.TheLostGenerationandErnestHemingwayTheLostGenerationwasthegenerationthatcameofageduringWorl
4、dWarI.ThetermwaspopularizedbyErnestHemingway,whouseditasoneoftwocontrastingepigraphsforhisnovel,TheSunAlsoRises.InthatvolumeHemingwaycreditsthephrasetoGertrudeStein,whowasthenhismentorandpatron.ThisgenerationincludeddistinguishedartistssuchasF.ScottFitzgerald,T.S.Eliot,JohnDosPassos,WaldoPeirce,Isad
5、oraDuncan,AbrahamWalkowitz,AlanSeeger,FranzKafka,ErichMariaRemarqueandthecomposersSergeiProkofiev,PaulHindemith,GeorgeGershwin,andAaronCopland.1.1 TheLostGenerationInAMoveableFeast;publishedafterHemingwaysandSteinsdeaths,HemingwayclaimsthatSteinheardthephrasefromagarageownerwhoservicedSteinscar.When
6、ayoungmechanicfailedtorepairthecarquicklyenough,thegarageownershoutedattheboy,YouareallagnNationperdue.Stein,intellingHemingwaythestory,added,Thatiswhatyouare.Thatswhatyouallare.allofyouyoungpeoplewhoservedinthewar.Youarealostgeneration.仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢2精品资料Lostmeansnotvanishedbutdisoriented,wa
7、ndering,directionlessarecognitionthattherewasgreatconfusionandaimlessnessamongthewarssurvivorsintheearlypost-waryears.The1926publicationofErnestHemingwaysTheSunAlsoRisespopularizedtheterm,asHemingwayuseditasanepigraph.Thenovelservestoepitomizethepostwarexpatriategeneration.However,Hemingwayhimselfla
8、terwrotetohiseditorMaxPerkinsthatthepointofthebookwasnotsomuchaboutagenerationbeinglost,butthattheearthabidethforever;hebelievedthecharactersinTheSunAlsoRisesmayhavebeenbatteredbutwerenotlost.InhismemoirAMoveableFeast,publishedafterhisdeath,hewritesItriedtobalanceMissSteinsquotationfromthegarageowne
9、rwithonefromEcclesiastes.Afewlineslater,recallingtherisksandlossesofthewar,headds:IthoughtofMissSteinandSherwoodAndersonandegotismandmentallazinessversusdisciplineandIthoughtwhoiscallingwhoalostgeneration?Variously,thetermisusedfortheperiodfromtheendofWorldWarItothebeginningoftheGreatDepression,thou
10、ghintheUnitedStatesitisusedforthegenerationofyoungpeoplewhocameofageduringandshortlyafterWorldWarI,alternativelyknownastheWorldWarIgeneration.AuthorsWilliamStraussandNeilHowe,wellknownfortheirgenerationaltheory,definetheLostGenerationasthecohortsbornfrom1883to1900,whocameofageduringWorldWarIandtheRo
11、aringTwenties.InEurope,theyaremostlyknownastheGenerationof1914,fortheyearWorldWarIbegan8InFrance,thecountryinwhichmanyexpatriatessettled,theyweresometimescalledtheGenNationauFeu,theGenerationinFlames.InBritainthetermwasoriginallyusedforthosewhodiedinthewar,andoftenimplicitlyreferredtoupper-classcasu
12、altieswhowereperceivedtohavedieddisproportionately,robbingthecountryofafutureelite.Manyfeltthattheflowerofyouthandthebestofthenationhadbeendestroyed,forexamplesuchnotablecasualtiesasthepoetsIsaacRosenberg,RupertBrooke,EdwardThomasandWilfredOwen,composerGeorgeButterworthandphysicistHenryMoseley.1.2 E
13、rnestHemingwayandtheIcebergtheoryErnestHemingwaywasbornin1899fromadoctorsfamily.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1954.Andhecommittedsuicidein1961intheend.HeisoneofthemostinfluentialwritersaftertheFirstWorldWar,andreadersareveyfamiliartohislongnovelsaswellashisshortnovels.Hislifeofadventureandhispublicimag
14、einfluencedlatergenerations.Hepublishedsevennovels,sixshortstorycollections,andtwonon-fictionworks.Additionalworks,includingthreenovels,fourshortstorycollections,andthreenon-fictionworks,werepublishedposthumously.ManyofhisworksareconsideredclassicsofAmericanliterature.仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢3精品资料Hemin
15、gwaywasraisedinOakPark,Illinois.AfterhighschoolhereportedforafewmonthsforTheKansasCityStarbeforeleavingfortheItalianfronttoenlistwiththeWorldWarIambulancedrivers.In1918,hewasseriouslywoundedandreturnedhome.HiswartimeexperiencesformedthebasisforhisnovelAFarewelltoArms(1929).In1921,hemarriedHadleyRich
16、ardson,thefirstofhisfourwives.ThecouplemovedtoParis,whereheworkedasaforeigncorrespondentandfellundertheinfluenceofthemodernistwritersandartistsofthe1920sLostGenerationexpatriatecommunity.Hepublishedhisfirstnovel,TheSunAlsoRisesin1926.Afterhis1927divorcefromHadleyRichardson,HemingwaymarriedPaulinePfe
17、iffer;theydivorcedafterhereturnedfromtheSpanishCivilWarwherehehadbeenajournalist,andafterwhichhewroteForWhomtheBellTolls(1940).MarthaGellhornbecamehisthirdwifein1940;theyseparatedwhenhemetMaryWelshinLondonduringWorldWarII.HewaspresentattheNormandylandingsandtheliberationofParis.Shortlyafterthepublic
18、ationofTheOldManandtheSea(1952),HemingwaywentonsafaritoAfrica,wherehewasalmostkilledintwosuccessiveplanecrashesthatlefthiminpainorillhealthformuchofhisremaininglife.HemingwaymaintainedpermanentresidencesinKeyWest,Florida,(1930s)andCuba(1940sand1950s),andin1959,heboughtahouseinKetchum,Idaho,whereheco
19、mmittedsuicideinthesummerof1961.Fromhiswritingswecanfindhisuniquestyle,IcebergTheory,aclassicwritingstyledemonstrating“theartthatconcealsart.Heexplained-hetheoryasseveneighthsunderwaterandone-eightshowingbeforethereaders.Anythingthewritereliminatesandhidesfromthereadersthatcanstrengthentheiceberg.He
20、furtherexplained,Ifawriterknowsenoughaboutwhathiswriting,hemayomitthingsthatheknowsandthereader,ifthewriteriswritingtrulyenough,willhaveafeelingasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem.Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater.ngwa(Hem32,p.192).Theicebergtheoryisawritin
21、gskillrelatedtotheartofbothwordsconcisionandexperienceconcision.Itmeanstomakelanguageconcisebyusingtheminimumamountofadjectives,metaphorsandeventhelongsentences,andfinitewordswithinfinitemeanings.Hemingwaywantsreaderstoimaginewhathehasnttoldinthestory,andurgethereaderstofollowthewritersthoughtswithh
22、isownexperienceandknowledge.Itrequiresahigherlevelofrecognitionfromboththereaderandthewriter.2.AClean,Well-lightedPlaceTheshortstoryAClean,Well-LightedPlacetellsastoryamongthreemen.Itwasinlatenight,everyonehadleftthecafeexceptanoldmanwhosatintheshadowtheleavesofthetreemadeagainsttheelectriclight.Ash
23、ewasaloneandhopeless,hewantedtocommitsuicidebutsavedbyhisniece.Hedidntwanttoleavethecafe仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢4精品资料untiltoolatesothatthetwowatersinthecafebegantotalkabouttheoldman.Thestorywasfullofthedialogueandtheattitudestowardtheoldman.2.1ThetitleThetitle&aClWell-lightedPlacecausedthesamestron
24、gemotionalresonancetoAmericansastheShakespearswords“TobeornottobecausedtoBritish.Itmeansarefugefortheoldpeople.Theoldmanwantedtofindaclean,well-lightedplacetohavethoroughdrunkandtodispersehisfear.Theyoungmanfeltconfidentinhislifeandignoredthetruthoflife.Theoldwaterwasjustlookingfortheorderandstayedl
25、ateintheclean,well-lightedcafe.ACleanWell-lightedPlaceimpliestheorderlyplacewherethesolitarypeoplecandrinkwithdignity.So,thethemeofthestoryis,humandesiresfororderandmeaninginthechaosofreality.Theauthormeansthatmanshouldfacethechallengewithdignity,fightthebattleswithpassionthoughlifeismeaningless.Hem
26、ingwayuses83paragraphsand136sentencestonarratethestory.ComparedwithJamesJoyce,heisalsoamasteroftheartofwordswhichhasmadehimbecomeanotherelitewriterintheworld.Thewordsinthestoryarenotonlyconcrete,specificbutcommonlyfoundandconversational.Thesentencesherearesyntacticallyshortandsimplewithorderlyorgani
27、zationandconciseexpression.Andtheyarealsotoocolloquialandevenungrammatical.Byrepeatingtheimageofdarkandthewordofnada,jointingsymbolsandcharactersarepresentedinthestory.Hemingwayusesthesymbolstohelpreaderstohaveabettercomprehensionofwhattheseven-eighthsofthethemeunderwaterthatlookslikeinthisstory.2.2
28、ThethreecharactersThreecharactersinthestoryaresymbolscreatedbytheauthor,theyrepresentdifferentpeopleindifferentstageinmodernsociety.Asweallknow,theyareallnameless.Tobeeveryoneinsociety,threecharactersherearevividlyshowsthis.Thereadercanalsofeelsuchfeelingsasfearandnothingnessthroughtheirconversation
29、,thoughnopsychologicaldescriptioninthecharacterization.Allofthemtendtoescapefromwhattheyfearinthestory.Theoldwaiterwhoisbachelorfeartobealoneinhisroom,andhisinsomniaalwayskeepshimawakeinthenight.Heisalsoadeaf,whichinfactkeepshimseparatefromtheoutsidechaos.Butthisforcestheyoungwaiterwhofeelsveryuncom
30、fortabletobeawayfromhim.However,theyoungwaiterisself-confidentbutselfishandimpatientwiththeoldmanwhoisalreadydrunk.Hehasawifeandhewantstogohomeforhiswifeswaitingforhim.Inthissense,hejustwanttofindasheltertogetsomepeaceinhismind,whichhecannotfindinwork.Hesaysalot,complainsallthetime.Heshowsnosympathy
31、fortheoldmanandhasnocareaboutthevalueofpeoplesexistenceHispursuitofmaterialhappinessandsatisfactionwiththiswayoflivingisrevealedinthestory.Lackingofconfidencefromhisexternalbehavior,theyoungwaitercanbereadbythereaderinthestoryeasily.Wecanseefromwhathesa“Ihaveconfidence,Iamallconfident.Thisishowtheic
32、ebergtheorydemonstratedinthecharacterization.Youthandajobarethewaitersconfidence“whichareassomethingsupreme.sconfidenceisuseless-pundUnctive.Hewillbecomeold,thedespairand“nothingnessareapproachinginstead.But,theyoungwaiter仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢5精品资料Theolderwaiter,incontrast,isfriendlywiththosewhostay
33、lateatthecafe.Heiswillingtobecompaniedwiththeoldman,becauseheisalso“oneofthosewholiketostaylateatthecafe.Hecantfallasleeptilldawnandhewantstoescapefromthedarkness,sohealwayssitsup.Here,(insomniaisdstkvsaetftn(jthatsymbolizespeoplesfearofdarkness,awarenessoflifesmeaninglessnessandtheidreadofsolitudea
34、nddeath.Theoldwaitercanalsorecognizethenothingnessofhislife.Insomniaisanagonizingexperiencethatmakespeoplefeelmorethreatenedbythepowerofdeath.Unliketheyoungwaiter,theoldwaitertendstodisagreeeverysocialprecept.Attheendofthestory,hesaidtohimself,“itisprobablyonlyinsomnia,manymusthaveit.Theoldmanfeelsl
35、ifemeaninglessandspentnightinvainbydrinking.Heiswealthy,buthedoesntfeelhappiness.Hestayedinthedarknessallnight,thoughheenjoysandpursuesbrightness.Itisaparadoxforhim,asheshowsfearofbeingexposedinthebrightness.Theoldmanrepresentstheoldpeopleandthepeoplewoundedinspirituallyinthewar.Hiswifehasdiedandheh
36、asnochild,whichstrikeshisheartferociously.Sohecommitssuicidewhichhethinkscanmakehimescapefromthetorture.Theoldmanbelievesinneitherreligionnorsocialprinciples.Obviously,theoldmanbearsmanyresemblancestoHemingwayhimself.2.3ThecontrastbetweenlightanddarknessLightandshadowaretwoimportantelementsinthestor
37、y.Thewriteraimstomakeaneasierwayforthereadertothinkoftheimageofdeath,sohechoosestofixthehappeningtimetothenight.Thelightsymbolizesthecomfortandthecompanyofothers,whilethenightsymbolizesdeath.Itmeansbeingalive.Theinsinuationsof“theshadowoftheleavesand“thedarknessofnightarefear,lonelinessanddesWecanfe
38、eltheoverwhelmingnothingnessornadainthestory.Inthedarkwhichmeanshopeless,butabeamoflightandclearnessinferthecomfortofthesoul.Beingdifferfromthenaturallight,thelightinthecafeisakindofelectricartificiallightfromtheindustrialcivilization.Peoplesacquirementofthiskindoflightistemporaryandincomplete.Also,cafeisaplaceofmodernsociety.Itisashelterwhichmakespeopleawayfromthenatureandotherpeople.Theso-calledmoderncivilizationmakespeoplefeellostlikealonelyislandinthesea.Thewritercontraststhelightanddarktoshowthedifferencesbetweentheoldmanandtheyoungmanaroundhimandtouncovertheimageo
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 2024-2030年中国蜂胶行业发展趋势与投资战略研究报告
- 2024-2030年中国蚝油市场供需格局规模及未来价格走势预测报告
- 2024-2030年中国薄型抽油烟机行业销售态势与竞争前景预测报告
- 2024-2030年中国蓄电池行业发展分析及投资前景预测研究报告
- 2024-2030年中国蒸汽压缩机行业市场发展趋势与前景展望战略分析报告
- 2024兼职社会实践报告(23篇)
- 工装设计合同
- 重庆市重庆市第一中学2025届高三化学试题练习试卷(四)试题含解析
- 汉钟精机:2023年一季度报告
- 物流平台服务合同的验收报告
- TRIZ创新方法学习通超星课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
- 产科对顺产中会阴侧切率高原因分析品管圈鱼骨图柏拉图
- 江苏自考11002公司法与企业法复习讲义
- 掷一掷(全国一等奖)
- 小学实验室安全工作检查自查报告
- 高空作业安全检查表
- 交通部定额站公路造价解释答疑终审稿
- 煤矿2021-2023年瓦斯治理三年规划
- 《品质高尔斯华绥》
- 应急照明的施工方案69222
- 孙双喜植树问题课件
评论
0/150
提交评论