2014年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析1

1、Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviourNew evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours , including a case in which a womanpainted her front door in her sleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences ， i

2、ncluding sleepwalking ， amnesia and hallucinations amongpeople taking the drug zolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders ， they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.Zolpidem , sold

3、 under the brand namesAmbien, Stilnoct and Stilnox , is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug ， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis ， were prescribed 674, 500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Austral

4、ia ' s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnig

5、ht snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a womanwho gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem."It was only when she wasdiscovered in front of an open refrigerator w

6、hile asleep that the problem was resolved , “ according to the report.The UK s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile , has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UKand Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sl

7、eepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries , includingreports ofpeople sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case, a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven

8、 to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep, the body canstill move ， making sleepwalki

9、ng a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects ， including hallucinations ， sleepwalking and nightmares ， are more likely in the elderly , and treatment should be stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health ag

10、encies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they ' re not in full control it' s alwaysa danger , “ says

11、 Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection , a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug , the more research needs to be done to understand i

12、f these are real side effects ,“ says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder ， US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange sideeffects , points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School , director of the SleepRhode Island , US. He sa

13、ysDisorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence that unlike older types of sleep medications, zolpidem does not carry as great arisk of addiction.And Wright notes that someof the reports of a sleep-driving " linked to zolpidem can be easily explained some patients have wrongly taken the

14、drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home.Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.The USFood & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about

15、cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a aspecial concern” for people taking the drug. "It ' s a possible rare adverse event , “ says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann , adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours“

16、may not necessarily be caused by the drug" but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile of zolpidem is well established”The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading pas

17、sage ?In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien , Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. Th

18、e woman ' s obesity problem wasn ' t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only

19、 sleep medication that doesn' t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.Question 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. Howmany cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an

20、official report from Australia ?A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem？A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D.

21、 Side effects include nightmares , hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well establishedA. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13 Answer the following questions with NOMORETHANTHREEWORDS each in boxes 10-

22、13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain?11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients ?12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups ?13. What USadministration says that i

23、t has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects?Answer keys and explanations:1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning : Zolpidem , sold under the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox , is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.2. Fals

24、eSee para.1 under the subtitle“Midnight snack” : Another case involved a womanwho gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. "It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved3. Not GivenSee para.2 under the subtitl

25、e“Midnight snack ” : The UK ' s Medicines andHealthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile , has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005. (The time the drug was approved in the UK was not mentioned.)4. TrueSee para.3 under the subtitle “Midnight snack” : In one ca

26、se , a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.5. FalseSee para.2 under the subtitle “Tried and tested ” : He says that unlike older types of sleep medications , zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.6. Not GivenSee para.3 under the

27、 subtitle“Tried and tested ” : And Wright notes that someof the reports ofa sleep-driving " linked to zolpidem can be easily explained：some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. (No patients as office

28、workers are mentioned in the passage.)7. CSee para.4 from the beginning : A newly published report from Australia ' s FederalHealth Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in2000. The h

29、ealth department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.8. BSee the sentence in para.2 under the subtitle“Hypnotic effects ” (The productinformation for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects, includinghallucinations , sleepwalking and ni

30、ghtmares , are more likely in the elderly , and treatment should be stopped if they occur.) and the sentence in para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested ” (Doctors “not the product information “ stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.)9. BSee para.5 under the subtitle “Tried and t