2019高考英语一轮基础自练题Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernhero

1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero李仕才* 阅读理解。The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card （ 信用卡 ） fraud.Your card informationcould even be for sale in an illegal website（非法网站 ）.Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care.On-line shoppers who enter their credit-ca

2、rd information may never receivethe goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number or sell theinformation over the Internet.Computer hackers（ 黑客 ） have broken down security（ 安全 ）systems,raising questions about the safety of cardholder information.Several months ago

3、,25,000customers of CD Universe,an on-line music retailer（ 零售商 ）,were not lucky.Their names,addressesand credit-cardnumbers wereposted on a website after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information.Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud.Mastercard isworking

4、on plans for web only credit card,with a lower credit limit.The card could be used only forshopping on-line.However,there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated（ 欺骗 ）.Ask about your credit-card firm s on -line rules: Under Britishlaw,cardholders have to pay the first US $78 o

5、f any fraudulent（ 欺骗性的 ） spending.And shop only at secure sites;send your credit-card information only if the website offersadvanced secure system.If the security is in place,a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand cornerof your screen.The website address may also start the extra“ s” stands fo

6、rsecure.If in doubt,give your credit-card information over the telephone.Keep your password （ 密码 ）safe: Most online sites require a user name and password beforeplacing an order.Treat your passwords with care.1.What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage?A.A lot of stolen

7、credit-cards were sold on the Internet.B.Fraud on the Internet.2C. Many websites are destroyed.D. Many illegal websites are on the Internet.2.What is the meaning of“ fraud ”?A. Cheating.B. Sale.C. Payment.D. Safety.3.How can the thieves get the information of the credit card?A. The customers give th

8、em the information.B. The thieves steal the information from websites.C. The customers sell the information to them.D. The thieves buy the information from credit-card firms.4.You are shopping on a site starting and you want to buy a TV set,what does thisarticle suggest to do?A. Order the TV set at

9、once.B. Do not buy the TV set on this site.C. E-mail the site your credit-card information.D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.参考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.B; 4.B解析： 本文介绍了网上黑客人员盗用信用卡资料进行欺骗的行为以及我们该怎样防卫的措施。1.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 （ 因特网已导致使用信用卡欺骗的行为大量增加 ） 可推知此题答案为 B 项。2.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句 （ 你的卡上资

10、料可能会在网上非法出售 ）和第四段最后 一句（可采用下列步骤防止受欺骗）可推知此题答案为 A 项。3. B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的提醒 （ 当心那些提供便宜商品或服务的网址 ） 可推知此 题答案为 B 项。也可采用排除法：根据文章内容，排除 A、C 两项（并且此两项也不合情理）; 根据文章第四段第一句可知选项 D 也不正确。因此选 B 项。4. B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的说明：安全的网址应在电脑的右下角有一个小字母，或在网址中有一个字母 s,而问题中的网址中没有字母 s,从而可推知此题答案为 B 项。3*.语法填空。(2017 全国卷川)She looks like any

11、other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life.SarahThomas is look ing forward to the challe nge of her new A-level course.But un like her school frien ds, 16-year-old Sarah is not spe nding half-term _1_(rest). In stead, she is earning 6,500 a day as _2_ model in New York.Sarah _3_(tell) that she c

12、ould be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the nextyear. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime. But Sarah, _4_ has takenpart in shows along with top models, wants _5_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She isdeterm ined to carry on with he

13、r _6_ (educate).She has turned dow n several _7_(invitati on) to star at shows in order to concen trate on herstudies. After school she pla ns to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to geta degree _8_ engin eeri ng orarchitecture.Sarah says, “ My dad thinks I should take th

14、e offer now. But at the moment, school放弃学业专心从事模特儿行业，但萨拉认为学业优先，应努力成为一个既有美貌又有智慧的女性。1. resting考查非谓语动词。 spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，此处表示萨拉没有花半学期的时间来休息。2. a 考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特儿每天收入6,500 英镑。用不定冠词 a 表泛指。3.was told考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成 为英国新的超模儿，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4. who 考查定语从句的引导词。引导词代替先行词故用 who。

15、5.to prove考查非谓语动词。 want to cation考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词9_(come) first.I dontwant to get tooabsorbed in modeling.It is _10_(certain)fun but the lifestyle is a littleunreal.back on whe n I cant model anymore. ”1. _ 2._ 3._5.6.7.I dont want to have nothing else to fall_4._8.9. _ 10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。1

16、6 岁的萨拉作为一名模特儿表现出色，她父亲想让她Sarah 在从句中作主语，且指人,“想要做某事”，为固定搭配。her 应该用来修饰名词，educate 的4名词形式是 education。7.invitations考查名词的复数。several 几个”，其后的可数名词要用复数形式。8.in考查介词。关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。a degree in engineering orarchitecture工程学或建筑学学位”。es 考查动词的时态。此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。10.certainly考查词性转换。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun, certain的副词形式为 cert

17、ainly。*完形填空One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned hed alwayswan ted a Crims on King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were1_.Like many other parents, mine were hard to 2 for, so I figured this was a great opport unity to getthem somethi ng

18、they d 3 . I also thought two would be evenbetter.I checked the 4 at work and decided it was a bit more than I could 5_ but all of my siblings （ 兄弟姐妹）agreed to give some money to buy the trees.In northern Ohio, you don t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to6_Mom and Dad with a special Ch

19、ristmas in October before the ground7_ .We asked my aunt if sh edhelp us with the“_8_”，and she called my parents 9 to say she was coming for a Sun day visit.The nmy sisters and sisters-i n-lawwent into 10,pla nning a big holiday turkey dinner.On the 11 Sun day, we all met at my house and 12 the tree

20、s into a truck .I13 as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents house , Dad was 14 somethingwas wrong first.He and Mom were amazed whe n we told them 15 we were there.When Christmas 1 _ , of course, we couldn t go to our parents house empty-han ded, so Mom and Dad got 17 prese nts that year.Almost

21、half a cen tury later,I 18 drive by the old farm and smile whe n I see those big, han dsome 19 and_remember givi ng a special 20 to special people at Christmas in October.5【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。1. A.distinctiveC expensiveD 解析： 上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“ those big, handsome”， 故此

22、处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮 (pretty) 。distinctive “与众不同的”； fragrant “芳香的”； expensive “贵的”。2 A.shopBrepresentC answerDcareA 解析：根据上文的“ Like many other p arents ， mine were hard to ”，下文的“ soI figured this was a great opportunity to get them something ”以及接下来介绍的作 者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知， 此处指作者觉得父母买东西是很难的， 故选 shop “购物”

23、。3 A.deserveBappreciateC advertiseDimagineB 解析：根据上文的“ Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for theyard.”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。 deserve “值得，应得”； appreciate “感激，欣赏”； advertise 为.做广告”；imagine 想象”。4 A.resultBnumberC priceDexpressC 解析：根据下文的“ but all of my sibli

24、ngs( 兄弟姐妹 ) agreed to give some money to buy th etrees ”可知，作者在上班时查看了一下枫树的价格 (price) ，认为它的价格比 自己能支付得起 (afford) 的还要高一点。5 A.affordBexpectC fancyDhandleA 解析：参见上题解析。6 A.frightenBassistC surpriseDrewardC 解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，作者他们想给父母一个惊喜 (surprise) 。B. fragrantDpretty67 A.warmedBfrozeDdarke

25、nedB 解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“ In northern Ohio, you don t plant maple trees at Christmas ”及“ a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。 freeze “结冰”符合语境。8 A.trickBpurchaseC choiceDdecorationA 解析：根据上下文语境可知， 作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个“骗局 (trick) ”。9 A.in advanceBin timeC by accidentDo

26、n purposeA 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前 (in advance) 给作者的父母打电话说 她会在周日来拜访。 in time “及时”； by accident “意外地”； on purpose “故意地”。10 A.serviceBactionC effectDproductionB 解析：根据下文的“ planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子 ( 或弟媳 ) 行动起来。 go into action “行动起来”符合语境。 go into service “投入使用”； go into effect“生

27、效”； go into production “投入生产”。11 A.regularBseparateC givenDchosenD 解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们在选定的 (chosen) 那个周日聚到自己家里。12 A.sortedBloadedC transportedDtransplantedB 解析：根据下文的“ the trees into a truck ”可知，作者他们把树装上 (loaded) 车。 sort “整理”； transport “运输，运送”； transplant “移植”。Csoftened713 A.dressed upBpassed offC look

28、ed onDstarted outA 解析：根据下文的“as SantaClaus” 可知，作者把自己装扮(dressedup) 成圣诞老人。 pass sb./sth.off as.“把冒充为”；look on sb. /sth.as.“把当作.;start out as.“以开始，起初是.。14A.delightedBannoyedCdisappointedDconvincedD 解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“ something was wrong first可知，作者的父8亲一开始坚信哪里出了问题。 convinced“确信，坚信”符合语境。15 A.whenBhowCwhyDwhet

29、herC 解析： 根据语境可知， 当我们告诉他们我们为什么 (why) 会在那里的时候， 父母感到 很吃惊。16 A.came aroundB dropped outC turned upD drew inA 解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。 comearound“再次出现，再度发生”； drop out“退出”； turn up “出现”； draw in “( 白天变得) 渐短”。17 A.generousBadditionalC doubleDspecialC 解析：根据上文的“ In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple

30、trees at Christmas,so we decided to.with a specialChristmas in October ” 可知，作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物， 而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候， 他们又不 能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的 (double) 圣诞节礼物。18 A.evenBjustC onceDstillD 解析：根据上下文语境可知，时隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮 的枫树 (trees) 时依然 (still) 会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。19 A.farmsBtreesC trucksDyar

31、dsB 解析：参见上题解析。20 A.congratulationBgiftC donationDgreetingB 解析：作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift) 。上文中的“ presents that year”亦是关键提示。 congratulation “祝贺”；donation “捐赠物”； greeting “问候”。* 短文改错Nowadays, its fashi on able for young stude nt to have iPads. Used an iPad, we can listen to music,download a

32、lot of learning materials and read it. Obviously,its of great help with our studies, especial with our En glish liste ning skills.Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to musicwith earphones, but some even playing video games, which make teachers and students greatly annoyed.9For myop inion,the classroom is a place to study, and concentrationwas terriblyneeded. Therefore,we should make a good use of iPads and other moder n com muni catio ntools