定语从句专项讲义

1、学习好资料欢迎下载定语从句专项讲义【知识简介】一、定义定语：定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、动词不定式、介词短语 等来充当，修饰名词或代词。（以分词、介词短语为例）例：The girl behind the tree is Kate.The man driving too fast was a drunk.定语从句：在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句一般后置。例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.That is the bike wh

2、ich my father bought for me.二、关系代词：引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等以及关系副词when, where, why等。关系代词或关系副词放在被修饰的名词或代词（又叫先行词）和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句中的一个成份。先行词为人who, whom, that引导定语从句先行词为物which, that引导定语从句1. who,先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）。whom，作宾语（作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省）The man who I talked with is our te

3、acher.A person who steals things is called a thief.The man （whom/who） I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.2. which,先行词为物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省）These are the treeswhich were planted last year.This camera （which） he is using ismade in Japan.Is this the library （which） you

4、borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?3. that,先行词为人或物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine.It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man （that） I told you about.【要点难点】一、先行词为物时，关系代词that和 which的区分a.只能用that的情况：1、当先行词是 nothing,

5、 something, anything, all, each 等不定代词时。eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?2、当先行词被 all, any, some, no, not, every, each 等修饰时。eg. I have some books that are very good.3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4、

6、当先行词被 the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。eg. This is the very book that110st yesterday.5、当先行词既有人又有物时。eg. I won ' t forget the things and the persons I saw.b.只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。eg. Mary has a book, which is very useful.2、在介词之后。eg. This is a house in which an old man lives.学习好资料欢迎下

7、载Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.1. This is the only book I got last year.2. Is this the book in you are interested?3. This is the largest animal Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers exist (存在)in the mother school.5. All the desks are bought look reall

8、y wonderful.6. Do you have any money is used to build the factory?7. Tom has a toy,was given by his father.8. This is the second watch my father bought for me.三、先行词为人时，关系代词that和who, whom的区分。a.只用who, whom,不用that的情况1 .在非限制性定语从句中只能用who或者whom。eg. I have a son,is really lovely and interesting.2 .在介词后面日只能

9、用 whom。eg. The boy with I went to the park is my cousin.3 .先行词是 one(s),anyone,someone, those时，关系词使用whoeg. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.4 .在there be句型中，先行词指人，关系词用whoeg. There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.b.只用that不用who的情况1.在who引

10、导的特殊疑问句中，为避免重复，只用that不用who。eg. Who is the person that has lost a wallet?四、两种情况下关系词不能省略I.关系词在从句中作主语时You will like the furniture which/that was used in the past.II.介词提前时He has gone to the library from which you borrowed the book last week.五、关系代词在定语从句中主语时，从句中的谓语取决于先行词。1. The girls who(be) badly hurt in

11、 the accident are my classmates.2. The women that/who(be) speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.3. The bus which/that(go)to the airport runs every half hour. _4. A cat is an animal that(catch) the mouse.5. He is the boy who(carry) water for Grandpa Li6. They have found the shoes that(steal)

12、last night .7. I like the books which(write) by Lu Xun.8. Do you know the man who(wear) thick glasses?9. The children who(play) football are from Class 3.10. The man who donated much money to the charity last week(attend) the party next Monday.11. The boys who(play) football on the playground are my

13、 friends.12. Who has taken the books that(be) on the desk just now?六、人的，物的用 whose专项练习一、单项填空()1 . This is the only one of the students the truth .A. that knows B. that know C. who know D. which knows()2 . Do you know the girl?A. whom he often talk to B. to who he often talks学习好资料欢迎下载C. to that he oft

14、en talks D. he often talks to()3. The world we live is made up of matter .A. on which B. of which C. at which D. in which()4 . There are no children love their parents .A . that do not B. who does not C. that D.who don't()5 .I'm one of the boys never late for schoolA. that is B . who are C.

15、who am D. who is()6 . Who is the girl wearing a red dress?A. whose B. that C. whom D. that ' s()7. I like the second football match was held last week.A. which B. who C. thatD. /( )8.The dictionary is sold out in the bookshop .A. you needB. what you needC which you need it D. that you need it()9

16、 . Is this the shop sells children' s clothing?A which B. where C. in which D . what()10. Qingdao is the most satisfa ctory place we ' re going to visitA. which B. where C. that D . in which()11. He was the man Master of Game was translated .A. by whom B. by who C. by whose D. by him()17. Is

17、 this school we are going to visit tomorrow?A. which B . that C. where D. the one()18. Ahead of me I saw a woman I thought was my aunt .A. who B. whom C. of whom D. whose()19. This is the key.A . which you are looking for B. for that you are lookingC. for that you are looking D. you are looking for

18、which()20. The woman is his mother .A. of whom he takes care B. of that he takes careC. he takes care ofD . whom he takes care()21 . Is that the reason you are in favor of the proposal?A. which B. what C. why D. for that()22. They were interested you told them.A. in which B. in that C. all that D. i

19、n everything()23. Is this the factory you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one()24. Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one()25. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one()26.The din

20、ner was the most expensive meal we.A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had()27. Do you know which hotel?A. she is staying B. she is staying in C. is she staying D. is she staying in( )28.There is only one thing I can do.A. what B. that C . all D. which()29.It ' s therthtime la

21、te this month.学习好资料欢迎下载A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that you ' ve arrived when you ' ve arrived ()30.I ' ll tell you he told me last week.A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 二、用 who, whom, that, whose,or which 填空。1. The earthquake hit the city in 1906 was the biggest

22、in American history.2. We don ' t know the number of people lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.3. The house they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4. A house is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5. Luckily none of the people I know were killed in the earthquake.6. people study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.7. The boy is playing ping-pong is my classmate.8. The e-mail I received yesterday was from my sister.1.1 hate people talk much but do little.10. The car my father b