2019年高考真题——英语(全国卷II)Word版含解析

1、科目:英语试卷名称2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国 卷n知识点30（2019 全国卷nA） 话题：我最喜欢的书词数：239 难度:My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald D

2、ahls writing and it gave me a newappreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossyheadmistress,Miss Trunchbull,are equally funny and frightening,but they're also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIts about two sisters Yri,a model wh

3、o either won X or can t. stop sleeping,and Mari,a young student.In trying to connect to her sister,Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse night people " who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didn t want to love this when everyone else on

4、 the planet did,but the horror story is brilliant.There s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from

5、one of the best storytellers around.After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world s population,a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.【文章大意】作家Jo Usmar向读者介绍了几本她最喜欢读的书。21 .Who doesI® refer to in the text?A.Stephen K

6、ing.B.Gillian Flynn.C.Jo Usmar.D.Roald Dahl.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的文字不难看出这是作家 Jo Usmar向读者介绍了她最喜欢 读的书。且在第一本书后的第一句话中提到了所推荐的书的作者。故I只能是作家Jo Usmar自己。故选C项。22 .Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A.Cosmopolitan .B. Matilda .C.After Dark.D.The Stand .【解析】选 Co细节理解题。利用查找的办法可快速查出 Mari and Eri出现在After

7、Dark这本书后面的 内容介绍之中，故选C项。23 .What kind of book is G one Girl ?A.A folk tale.B.A biography.C.A love story.D.A horror story.【解析】选 D。细节理解题。在 Gone Girl这本书的介绍中有but the horror story is brilliant 这样一句话故选D项。知识点28（2019 全国卷 IIB）话题:家长对做志愿者的态度的转变词数:321难度:You can use me as a last resort（选择）,and if nobody else volu

8、nteers,then I will do it. " This was anactual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids1acrosse（ 长曲木球）club.I guess that there 's probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little

9、persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstringsmention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,Alright.Yes,I 'll do it.”I'm secretly relieved because I know

10、there s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the

11、 kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with

12、a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（ 社区）as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense,I 'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freel

13、y like toadmit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?【文章大意】文章讲述了有些家长不情愿当志愿者，当被说服去做志愿者之后，在工作中慢慢成为了队伍中不可或缺的成员，给别人带来好处，并从中体会到快乐。24 .What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?A.She knows little about the c

14、lub.B.She isn t good at sports.C.She just doesn t want to volunteer.D.She's unable to meet her schedule.【解析】选Co推理判断题。根据第一句话句意“如果没人帮你了，我再帮你。把我当成最后的选择”不难看出这个家长是不愿意做志愿活动的，故选C项。25 .What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings"in paragraph 2 mean ?A.Encourage teamwork.B.Appeal to feel

15、ings.C.Promote good deeds.D.Provide advice.【解析】选 B。词义猜测题。根据前面一句She may just need a little persuading.可知家长不愿做志愿活动,需要去说服她。再根据后文我向她提到了一个志愿者父亲在自己孩子不在场的情况下依然帮助训练 其他的孩子这样的例子来说服她，一直到最后她同意做志愿者，可见作者是动之以情，晓之以理来说服这名 家长。故选B项。26 .What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?A.She gets interested in lacros

16、se.B.She is proud of her kids.C.She 'll work for another season.D.She becomes a good helper.【解析】选D 。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends upbecoming an invaluable member of the team. 可知这位家长已经成为志愿队伍中不可或缺的一员。可知选 D 项。27 .Why does the author like doing volunteer work?A.It gives h

17、er a sense of duty.B.It makes her very happy.C.It enables her to work hard.D.It brings her material rewards.【解析】选B 。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Connecting to the community as you freely giveyour time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.可知自愿帮助别人是一种快乐, 再根据最后一段的内容可知做志愿者可以在帮助

18、别人的同时,使自己体会到快乐。故选B项。【难句剖析】That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy. 分析 :of 后面是一个why 引导的宾语从句。冒号后的句子用来解释a deep understanding, 其中动名词短语 Connecti

19、ng to the community 是句子的主语,as 引导状语从句。翻译: 和这种宽慰在一起的是深入地理解了为什么同样的人们会一直回来做更多的事情:当你大量地付出你的时间、金钱、技术或服务时,和社区的联系会提供一种真正的快乐。知识点 28(2019 全国卷nC)话题：独自就餐词数：346难度:Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach s Bar Louie counter by herself,quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad.What is she reading? None

20、of your business! Lunch is Bechtels “me ”time.And like more Americans,shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore,

21、74 percent,according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone,but together,you know? ” Bechtel said,looking up from her book.Bechtel,who works in downtown West Palm Beach,has lunch with coworkers sometimes,but like many of us,too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunc

22、htime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today,I just wanted sometime to myself, ” she said.Just two seats over,Andrew Mazoleny,a local videographer,is finishing his lunch at the bar.Helikes that he can sit and check his phone in

23、peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction( 交流 ). “I reflect on how my days gone and thinkabout the rest of the week, ” he said. “Its a chance for self-reflection.You return to work recharged and with a plan. ”That freedom to choose is

24、 one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one,but those days are over.Now,we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table.“It doesn t feel as alone as it may have before all theadvances in technology, ” said Laur

25、ie Demeritt,whose company provided the statistics for the report. 【文章大意】一份报告显示许多美国人喜欢独自就餐, 有些人独自就餐可以远离繁重的工作,使精力得以恢复, 有些人可以利用这样的时光反思自己的一天,并为未来做打算。这就是很多人喜欢独自就餐的原因:可选择的自由。28 .What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A.Food variety.B.Eating habits.C.Table manners.D.Restaurant service.【解析】选B。推理判断题。第二

26、段的数据显示美国46%的人是独自吃饭。53%的人的早餐、46%的人的午餐都是独自吃, 只有在晚餐时74% 的人会一起吃, 可总结为美国人的吃饭习惯, 故选B 项。29 .Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A.To meet with her coworkers.B.To catch up with her work.C.To have some time on her own.D.To collect data for her report.【解析】选C 。细节理解题。根据第三段中的A lunchtime escape allows her

27、 to keep a boss fromtapping her on the shoulder. 和“ Today,I just wanted some time to myself ”可知她喜欢拥有属于自己的时 间。故选C 项。30 .What do we know about Mazoleny?A.He makes videos for the bar.B.He s fond of the food at the bar.C.He interviews customers at the bar.D.He s familiar with the barkeeper.【解析】选D 。推理判断题

28、。根据第四段中的.Andrew Mazoleny,a local videographer,is finishing hislunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction. 可知选 D 项。31 .What is the text mainly about?A.The trend of having

29、 meals alone.B.The importance of self-reflection.C.The stress from working overtime.D.The advantage of wireless technology.【解析】选 Ao主旨大意题。文章显示美国人喜欢独自就餐，这样可以给他们带来一些好处。故选 A项。【难句剖析】He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on afirst-name basis if he wan

30、ts to have a little interaction.分析 :that 引导宾语从句, 在宾语从句中and 和 or 连接三个并列谓语动词。在barkeeper 后是一个“介词+whom ”引导的定语从句。在定语从句中又有一个 if 引导的条件状语从句。翻译 : 他喜欢坐在那里, 平静地看着自己的手机或者如果他想说话就会和熟悉的酒吧的老板闲谈。知识点 23（2019 全国卷 IID） 话题: 检验学业的前沿阵地词数 :283难度: Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms（微生物 ） from

31、 our bodiesgrow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch ofhigh school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,l

32、ike the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordon s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think the

33、yreclose to a solution（ 解决方案）.“We don t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASAengineers, ” says Florence Gold,a project manager.“There are no tests, ” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than Are you working towards your goal? Basically,

34、it s I ve got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and.it s not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product. ”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（ 影响 ） on college admissions and

35、practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach. ” And that annoyingbacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.【文章大意】困扰着美国航天员的细菌问题会如何解决?这一问题求助于一群学生。Gor

36、don 领导的学生们一直忙于解决零重力下细菌的问题,他们没有别的作业,一直忙于他们的目标,帮助航天员解决细菌的问题。他们每天都通过HUNCH 项目和航天员联系,准备在太空检测可行的解决方法。32 .What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A.They are hard to get rid of.B.They lead to air pollution.C.They appear in different forms.D.They damage the instruments.【解析】选 Ao推

37、理判断题。根据第一段的第二句.grow uncontrollably,so astronauts spend hourscleaning them up each week. 可推知细菌在太空很难除去。33 .What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.B.To sharpen students communication skills.C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.D.To link space te

38、chnology with school education.【解析】选D 。推理判断题。根据第二段特别是第一句话可推知中学的课堂和美国国家航空和航天局的工程师通过HUNCH 项目联合,再结合第四段的第一句话可知其目的是实现学校教育和太空科技的接轨,让学生更好地去进行研究。故选D 项。34 .What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?A.Check their product.B.Guide project designs.C.Adjust work schedules.D.Grade their homewor

39、k.【解析】选 Ao细节理解题。根据第三段中的iVe got to produce this product and then,at the end ofthe year,present it to NASA. 和最后一段的最后一句Gordon says his students are emailing daily withNASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.可知学生会把研究结果让工程师在太空检测, 以验证他们的方法是否可行。故选A 项。35 .What is the b

40、est title for the text?A.NASA: The Home of AstronautsB.Space: The Final Homework FrontierC.Nature: An Outdoor ClassroomD.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform【解析】选B。主旨大意题。HUNCH项目将中学研究项目和美国国家航空和航天局的问题联系在一起，学生研究解决方法并在太空得以验证。故可称之为太空是检验学生研究项目的前沿阵地。故选B 项。【难句剖析】It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classro

41、oms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.分析:It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms 是主句,like 是介词，后面接宾语 the one, 在the one后是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句，关系彳词that作lead的宾语，可省略。翻译:这个问题取决于美国国家航空和航天局HUNCH中学的课堂，就像位于纽约费尔波特的费尔波特中学的科学老师

42、 Gene Gordon 和Donna Himmelberg 领导的项目一样。知识点35（2019 全国卷n 阅读填句话题:动机和目标词数:274 难度:根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:ShouldI jump? ”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting

43、are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving the board,you will stay undecided.37 More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only then should yo

44、u set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work.38So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can

45、 helpyou move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible.39 They also need to bemeasurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your persona

46、l circumstances are equally important.For example,you may want to be a pilot but can t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.40 You should reassess yourgoals,and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties,some planned,but most unplanned.You

47、 cannot overcome them without ample motivation.Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A.This can affect your work.B.So how should you motivate yourself?C.However,this should not discourage you.D.So why should we try to set specific goals?E.They can change ac

48、cording to circumstances.F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G.Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.【文章大意】本文讲了动机和目标之间的关系，二者相辅相成。36 .【解析】选 Go前面的句子说“动机和目标的设置是一个问题的两个方面”，后一句话说一个前面的实例跳水板上的孩子由于缺少动机不能决定跳还是不跳。中间的句子会提到没有了动机会出现的结果。故选 G项。37 .【解析】选 B。根据More than that以及后面的问

49、句"你应该如何保持动力来实现目标”可推知前面应 该是一个关于如何让你有动力这样的问题。故选 B项。38.【解析】选 Ao前面提到“你的心不在你的工作上”以及面问题带来的不好的影响这样的内容。故选A项。So后提出的解决方法，可推知中间应该提到前39 .【解析】选 E。根据前面的句子“记住：目标是灵活的”可知它们是可以变化的。故选 E项。40 .【解析】选 Co前面提到“由于视力不好，原来的当飞行员的目标实现不了”这样的令人沮丧的情况，后面又提到重新评估你的目标，可推知中间一句应该提到前面的Tf况不应该影响你。故选 C项。 知识点19（2019 全国卷n 完形填寄话题：热心帮助走丢的小狗

50、寻找主人词数:284难度：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItS about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers ' home in Minnesota.During thelong trip homefollowing a weekend of hunting,Ehlers41 about the small dog he had seen 42alongside the road.He had 43 to coax（ 哄）the dog to him

51、but,frightened,it had 44 .Back home,Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog.So,four days later,he called his friendGreg,and the two drove 46 .After a long and careful 47 ,Greg saw,across a field,the dog moving 48 away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were repl

52、aced with 49 .It just started licking（ 舔）Ehlers 'face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a51 number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell themhe had 53 their dog.Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving

53、with his dog,Rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesota,and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight toMichigan. Its good to know there 's still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kin

54、d of 57/says Lisa of Ehlers ' rescue 58 .figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as59to it as I am to my dogs,“says Ehlers.If it had been my dog,I 'd hope that somebody would be60to go that extra mile. ”【文章大意】本文讲的是埃勒斯在打猎时发现一只走丢的小狗，并帮助小狗寻找主人的故事。41 .A.read B.forgot C.thought D.heard【解析】

55、选Co逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知一开始埃勒斯并没有带回来那只走丢的小狗，故他在回家的途中"想起”了那只他曾经看到的小狗，故用think about想到，想起。42 .A.fighting B.tremblingC.eatingD.sleeping【解析】选B。背景常识题。一只走丢的小狗，再根据下文的frightened可知小狗很恐惧，应该是trembling 颤抖的。43.A.tried B.agreed【解析】选Ao逻辑推理题。根据下文一开始他试图哄小狗到他身边来没有成功C.promised D.regretted可知Ehlers eventually succeeded in c

56、oaxing the animal to him.，故使用try to do sth.试图做某事，但不强调结果。44.A.calmed downB.stood upD.run offC.rolled over【解析】选D 45.A.injured C.lost【解析】选C 46.A.home【解析】选C逻辑推理题。根据连词B.stolenD.rescued词汇复现题。根据下文but以及形容词frightened可知小狗吓跑了 ,run of逃跑whoever lost the dog可知小狗是丢失的，故用形容词lost。B.pastC.backD.on逻辑推理题。根据第二段的第一句中的Back

57、 home可知他已经回到家，再根据后文把小11狗哄到他的身边可推知他又回到了发现小狗的地方，故用back表示开车回去找小狗B.explanation47.A.preparationC.testD.search【解析】选D 。逻辑推理题。根据本句后面的Greg saw 可知他们经过仔细的、长时间的寻找后才找到小狗。故用search 寻找。48 .A.cautiouslyB.casuallyC.skillfullyD.angrily【解析】选Ao背景常识题。根据文章可知走丢的小狗在一个陌生的地方，小狗一定会很小心谨慎。cautiously 谨慎地。49 .A.surpriseB.joyC.hesitationD.anxiety【解析】选 B。逻辑推理题。根据下一句 It just started licking Ehlers'face.可推知小狗很高兴与埃勒斯接触。 joy 高兴。50 .A.predictedB.advertisedC.believedD.recorded【解析】选B 。