现在分词作状语-过去分词作状语-表语-宾补-定语

1、V-ing (现在分词)作状语 v-ed/done(过去分词)作状语，表语，定语, 宾补.现在分词的形式形式主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doi ngbe ing donenot doing/ be ing done完成式havi ng donehaving been donenot havi ng (bee n) done二.现在分词作状语辨析： 动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别。句子功能例句1作时间状语，相当于 whe n, while,as,after 等弓丨导的时间状语从句Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over b

2、y a car.=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.2作原因状语，相当于 as,because,s ince等弓丨导的原因状语从句Having eaten too much he couldn't go to sleep.=Because he had eate n too much, he could n't go to sleep.3作条件状语，相当于if,o nce,u nless等引导的条件状语从句Using your head, you'll find a

3、good way. =If you use your head, you'll find a good way.4作方式或伴随状语，相当于 and连接的并列谓语动词。Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. =Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5作结果状语，可扩展为有并 列谓语的句子。It rained heavily, causing flooding in that city. =Itrained heavi

4、ly so it caused flooding in that city.6作让步状语，相当于 although,though,eve nif,even though引导的让步状 语从句Living miles away, he attended the course.=Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.辨析：(1)动词的-ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的结果。(2)动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用，构成"only to do进行。省略条件1:状语从句的主语必须和主句的主语一致

5、省略条件2 :状语从句有be动词Eg. While （I Was） wait in g, I was readi ng magaz in es.温馨提示现在分词表示主动或正在进行；过去分词表示被动或已经完成。注意非谓语动词的逻辑主语是否与主句的主语一致。注意确定是否该用非谓语动词；注意标点符号，如果句中有连词（and,/but/or-）,要用谓语动词。 注意非谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时间顺序。 注意与句式"祈使句 +an d/or+陈述句”的区别。V-ed过去分词）作状语一. 过去分词（短语）作状语时，表示被动和完成，在句中一般可 以做时间，条件，原因，伴随或方式，让步状语等。Eg.

6、 Asked about his family, he made no answer.Given more time, we will do it well.注意：（1）分词状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。否则，需加上 自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格。Eg. Weather/Time permitting, we will go shopping together tomorrow.二. 过去分词（短语）与现在分词（短语）作状语的区别过去分词（短语）与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被 动；现在分词（短语）与句子主语 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即 表主动。三. 过去分词作定语 单个过

7、去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语一般放 在被修饰词之后，往往可被定语从句代替。四. 过去分词作宾补规律说明例句过去分词（短语）用在感官类动词 see,watch, notice, hear,fee等后面I was glad to see the child well take n care of .过去分词（短语）用在表示心理状态的动词find,think等后面Whe n 1 came in, 1 found the glass broke n.过去分词（短语）用在使役动词keep,get,make,leave,let, have 等后面They leave the water

8、 running.I raised my voice to make myself heard过去分词（短语）用在“ with+宾 语+宾补”的复合结构中，表示时 间，方式，条件，原因等。The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied beh ind his back.典例 1. （2014.四川高考）The manager was satisfied to see many new products after great effort.A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D.deve

9、lopPractice:五. 过去分词（v-ed/done）作表语.过去分词（短语）放在系动词 be, get, become,feel,remain, seem 等后面作表语，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。Please rema in seated whe n the professor comes in .He seemed quite delighted at the news.1. Practice:1. <江西> nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.A. Having spen

10、t B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent2. <四川 > which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not3. <北京 > e course very difficult , she decided to move to alower level.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found4. < 重庆

11、 > When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell5. < 全国重点领航冲刺七 > The pretty girl was dressed in bright red,_Her more beautiful.A.mak in g;lookB. to make;lookedC.mak in g;lookedD.andmaking ;looked6. The stranger

12、 said something in a voice and the little girl was very muchA. frighte ning, frighte nedB. frighte ned, frighte ningC. frighte ning, frighte ningD. frighte ned, frighte ned7. the pia no, some one sudde nly kno cked at the door.A. Play ingB. When I was play ingC. Repairi ngD. Exam ining8. in the seat

13、 for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left hiswallet(钱包)at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Havi ng waited D. To have waited9. the work , they have to stay there for another two weeks.A.Not completi ngB. Not completedC. Not hav ing completedD. Have not completed用所给词语的适当形式填空1. All nig

14、ht long he lay awake, (think) of the problem.2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause)the delay.3. (live)with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.4. Though (work) so hard, he failed again.5. eive) his reply, she wrote another letter.6. )by so manypeople, she felt nervous , (

15、notknow ) what to say.After (tell) many times , he un derstood what was happe ning.1. into English, the sentence was found to have an entirelydiffere nt word order.A. Tran slati ngB. Tran slated C. To tran slate D. Havi ng tran slated2. an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chanee tobecome fa

16、mous.A. OfferB. Offering C. Offered D. To offer3. his scientific work, he has no time to care for his familyaffairs , which his wife always complains about.A. Devoting into B. Devoted to C. Being devoted with D. Devoted with4. Di na, for mon ths to find a job as a waitress, fin ally took apositi on

17、at a local advertis ing age ncy.A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle5. the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players mayone day grow into intern ati onal stars.A. Givi ng B. Havi ng give nC.To give D. Give n6. In order not to be found , I spent the whole nig in m

18、y room.A. lockingB. locked C. to lock D. Lock7. twice, the postma n refused to deliver our letters uni ess we cha ined our dog.A. Being bitten B. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten8. Michael's new house is like a huge palace, with his old one.A. comparing B. compares C. to compareD. compared9

19、. but excited , the runner raced to the finishing line.A.Exhausting B. Exhausted C. Being exhausted D. To be exhausted二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. The news reporter hurried to the airport, only (tell) the filmstar had left.2. After her journey from abroad , Mary returned home,( ) (exhaust ).3. (see) from the

20、 top of the building, our school looks beautiful.4. False friends are just like leaves, (find) everywhere, but truefriends are like diam onds , precious and rare.1.She felt rather that she should n't have drive n the car at sucha speed.A. frightening;frighteningB.frighte ned;frighte nedC.Frighte

21、ning;frightenedD. frightened ;frightening2. There is a big dog to a fence outside the house.A. tying B. tied C. to tie D. ties3. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volca nic ash cloud.A. sticking B. stuck C.to be stuck D.to have stuck4. As soon as she entered the room, t

22、he girl caught sight of theflowers by her mother.A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D.bought5. The stude nt, at the way the questi on was put, did n't knowhow to an swer it.A. Being surprised B. Surprising C. Surprised D. Havingsurprised6. Look at the note to the door; you will see that so

23、me onepaid a visit whe n we were away.A. pinning B. pinned C. being pinned D. is pinned7. It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far thisyear.A finding B. being found C. to find D. found8. We finished the run in less than half the time .A. allowingB. to allow C. allowed D. allows9. When

24、 I came in, they were in a heated discussion.A. absorb B. absorbed C. absorbing D. being absorbed10. The woman sitting there under the tree, in a blue skirt, isour head master.A. wearingB.dressed C. worn D. dressingn.用所给动词的适当形式填空1. In our daily life, there are a lot of health problems that, when not

25、 (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on .2. The thief (question) by the police a moment ago stillcould n't tell the truth.3.1 could n't accept the view (offer) to me uni ess it is based onfacts.4. Cleaning workers in big cities usually get (pay) by themon th.5. The (surprise) look

26、on his face suggested that he musthave heard some surpris ing n ews.(2014.临沂高二检测)While you were out, you should keep your doors and win dowsA. close B. clos ing C. closed D.be closed2. I 'll have all of the reading by the end of this term if my plangoes well.A.completi ngB.to complete C. completed D. being completed3. To learn English well , we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can .A.speak B. speaki ng C.spoke n D. to speak4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work , hegladly accepted it.A. finishedB.