人教版八年级上册第一单元英语知识点

1、U n i t 1 W heredidyougoonvacation词组stayathome待在家里 goonvacation 去度假gotothemountains去爬山 gotothebeach去海滩visitmuseums参观博物馆quiteafew相当多 gotosummercamp去参观夏令营 studyfor为而学习goout出去mostofthetime大部分时间tastegood尝起来彳艮好吃ofcourse当然haveag00dtime玩得高兴 goshopping 去购物feellike给的感觉；感受到inthepast在过去walkaround 四处走走 becauseo

2、f因为onebowlof 一碗thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon 继续 takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事 upanddown上上下下comeup出来buysth.forsb./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj 尝起来look+adj.看起来nothing朋口坳词原形除了 之外什么都没有seem+ (tobe) +adj.看起来 arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点至U达某地decidetodosth决定去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力去做某事for

3、getdoingsth.忘记做过某事/forgettodosth.忘记去做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth想去做某事startdoingsth开始做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事keepdoingsth继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+A旬如止匕以至于tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事词语辨析：1.他anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。Ican ' tfinditanywhere.somewhere在某

4、处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.EgAre?you?going?tonight?I?think?you?can?find?your?girlfriend?.2.seem形容词看起来.Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth以乎、好像做某事 IseemtohaveacoldItseems/seemed+/旬看起来好像 ；彳以乎 .Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike 好像，彳以乎 .Itseemslikeagoodidea.3.decidetodosth决定做某事 Theydecidetovi

5、sitthemuseum.decide锁问词 + 动词不定式 Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosthJF始，可与 begin 互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.1） 创办, 开办： Hestartedanewbookshoplastmonth.2）机器开动：Ican ' tstartmycar.3） 出发，动身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词，多于，超过，在 以上（表示数目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisove

6、r40yearsold.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多, 后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don ' ttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You 

7、9; rewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀：toomuch,muchtoo用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后 修饰形或副。toomany要记住，后面名词必复数。7.?a?few?/?few?/?a?little?/?little?a?few?”数的，几个，一些）？a?little?（一点儿,少量）?表小?few?（很少的，几乎没有的）?little?（很少的,几乎没有的）表示否定？修饰可数名词？修饰不可数名词?8.Hecan' ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because!词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idon

8、' tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.9.none指人或物，强调数量，用 how?many提问，常与of连用。？no?one将指人，强调 无人”这种状态，用who提问，不可与of连用，作主语时, 其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。？语法？1.一般过去时？1) ?一般过去时的含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。？2) ?标志时间：yesterday,?last?night/week/month/year,?three?days?agO过去时间 的词。？3) ?动词过去式的变化规则：？构成规则原形过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-edwork pla

9、yworked played话尾是e的动词加-dhope livehoped lived末尾只什-个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop tripstopped tripped话尾是 辅音字母+y”的动词，先变"y为"威加-edstudy worrystudiedworried写出下列动词的过去式go stop visit studydo ride take drive arrivewalk sleep keep get用下列括号中词的正确形式填空3.1 (like)orangeswhenIwasyoung(年轻的).ButnowI(notlike

10、)them.2.Mymotheroften(stay)athomeonSundays,butlastSundayshe(notstay)athom e,she(go)tothepark.3 .WeiHua(have)abusydayyesterday.4 .He(visit)theGreatWall(长城)lastyear.5 .We(have)agoodtimeyesterday.6 .Weoften(go)toschoolbybuslastyear.7.I(live)inthev川agewhenIwasachild.9.Mike(see)abigtigerintheparklastyear

11、.10.Sam(do)thehouseworkyesterday.11 .(do)you(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?12 .(do)you(play)theviolinintheartroomyesterday?No,Ididn't.I(draw)somepicturesthere.4)?句型？(1)含实义动词？?肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.?Tom?lived?in?the?US?two?years?ago.?否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其它.Tom?didn 't?live?in?the?US?two?years?ago.?一般疑

12、问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ ？?？1).DidyougotothebeachlastSaturday?肯定回答：Yes,"语？did.?Yes,?Idid.?否定回答：No,?主语？didn't.?No,?Ididn?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？?Where?did?Tom?live?in?the?US?two?years?ago?5) ?含be动词？肯定何：主语+?was/were+M它.？?？He?was?a?primary?school?student?last?year.? 否定句：主语+wasn't/?weren'

13、t+?其它。He?wasn't?a?primary?school?student?last?yearr?般疑问句：was/?were+i 语 +?其 它？?Was?he?a?primary?school?student?last?yeOr?疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were+主语+其它? What?was?he?last?year?6) Wheredidyou/he/she/theygo？是一般过去时的特殊问句，did是助动词，动词 go用原型Eg:Wheredidyougoonvacation?-Istayedathome./IwenttoZhongShan.2).Howwasy

14、ourvacation?How是疑问副词，表示“如何；怎样。”Eg:Howwastheweatherthere?句型转换(改为一般疑问句)1.IwenttoSanyalastyear.2Jimwentoutwithhisfamilylastnight.3.Wefedsomehensandsomepigsinthecountryside.4.Katehadsomethingtodoatschoollastweek.5.Theydidsomethingfunonthebeach.6.Iboughtsomethingspecialformymother.2.友合不定代词：？(1)复合不定代词：som

15、ething,?anything,?everything,?nothing,?someone,?anyone,?everyone,?no?one,? somebody,?anybody,?everybody,?nobody,?somewhere,?anywhere,?everywhere,?now here?(2)形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置。something?special孤些特别的事情？?anyone?interesting?何有趣的人？anywhere?warm衽何温暖的地方？(一)句型转换。I.Weplayedfootballyesterdayafternoon.划线提问)you y

16、esterdayafternoon?2.Myvacationwasgreat.划线提问)yourvacation.3Jwenttosummercampduringmyholiday.au线提问)didyou duringyourholiday?4.Hissisterhadapartyyesterdayevening划线提问)hissister aparty?5.Isawthemathteacherintheofficeamomentago改为一般疑问句)you themathteacherintheofficeamomentago?6.Theshopsweretoocrowded划线提问)th

17、eshops?(二)选择题()1.Hehelpedmemylostbook.A.found B.find C.finding()2.Wehadgreatfun inthewater.A.playB.toplayC.playsD.playing()3.Yesterdayafternoon,we tothepark.A.wentB.goC.goesD.goed()4. -Howwerethepeople?-They unfriendly。A.wasBwereC.areD.is()5.Shedidn ' t meit.A.t01dB.tellC.tellingDtells()6 wasthe

18、foodintherestaurant?A.HowmanyB.WhyC.How D.Where()7. Where she onvacation?-She heruncle.A.did,go,visitedB.does,govisitedC.did,went,visitedD.does,went,visit单词anyone'eniw?npron 任何人anywhere'eniwe?(r)adv任何地方n任何(一个)地方wonderful'w?nd?fladj.精彩的；极好的fewfju?adj.很少的；n.少量mostm?stadj最多的;大多数的；something&

19、#39;s?m 0 ?函熏物；nothing(=not anything)'n? 0 校prOn n.没有myselfma?'selfpron.我 自 己everyone'evriw?npron.每人；人人yourselfj?'selfpron.你自己；你亲自henhenn.母鸡；雌禽boredb?dadj无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pign.猪diary'da?rin.日记；日记簿(keepadiary)seemsi?mvi.似乎；好像someone's?mw?npronR人；有人quiteafew相当多；不少(后接可数名词)ofcourse?vk?

20、s皆然activity?k't?v?tin.活动；活跃decided?'sa?dv决定;选定(decidetodosth.)trytra?v.尝试；设法；努力(trytodosth./trydoingsth.) birdb?dn.鸟;禽paragliding'p?r?g la?d?醴中滑翔跳伞bicycle'ba?s?kln.自行车building'bildi?n.建筑物trader'tred?n.商人；商由台wonder'w?nd?(r)v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference'd?fr?nsn.差异；不同topt?pn.顶部

21、;顶waitwetv.等；等待(waitfor)umbrella?m'brel?n.伞；雨伞wetwetadj.湿的；雨天的belowbi'l?uprep.低于;在下面adv.在下面as?zconj.如同；像.一样enoughi'n?fadj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地duckd?kn.鸭肉;鸭hungry(反 full)'h? g riadWL饿的；渴望的feellike(doingsth.)想要disliked?s'la?kv.不喜欢；厌恶n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感becauseof因为；由于haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=hav

22、efun(doingsth玩得痛快根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词填空。because,crowded,delicious,weather,on,photos,boring,wdreThe(1)wassunnyandwarmtoday.MyparentsandIwenttoBeijing(2) _vacation.Iwasveryhappy,(3)itwasmyfirsttriptoBeijing.FirstwewenttoTiananMenSquare.Itwasgreat.ThenwewenttothePalaceMuseum.Ididn ' thavefunthere.Itw

23、ast oo(4)init.Afterthatwehadlunch.Thefoodwas(5)andcheap.Ilikeditverymuch.Intheafternoonwewenttothe GreatWall.There(6)manypeoplethere,bUtwasn ' t(7).Wetooklotsof(8 )there.Atfiveo ' clock,wewentbacktotheWeWeretiredbuthappy.阅读理解下面几位同学正在谈论他们的周末。Linda:Istayedathomeandstudiedoverweekend.Istudiedfo

24、rmyEnglishtestonSaturday.Ye sterdaylwroteageographypaper.Intheeveningltalkedtomypenpalonthephone.W hatdidyoudo?Tim:Ihadagoodtime.OnSaturdaymorningIplayedtennis,intheafternoonIwenttothebeach ,andintheeveningIwenttoNancy ' sbirthdayparty.OnSundayIwenttothemountains withmyfriends.Mary:Oh,yourweeken

25、dwasgreat.Butminewasboring.Istayedathomethewholeweekend. Icleanedmyroomandwashedmyclothes.Ihelpedmymotherdosomehousework.Did yougoout,Dave?DaveNo,Ididn ' t.IstayedathomeandwatchedTVonSaturday.YesterdayIwatchedamovie, Fearless.Itwasveryexciting.()1.Timwenttothebeachlastweekend.()2.Davewashedthecl

26、othesandwatchedanexcitingmovie.()3.LindatalkedtoherpenpalonthephoneonSundaynight.()4.NancyhadabirthdaypartyonSaturdayevening.()5.Mary ' sweekendwasgreat.Shehelpedhermotherwiththehousework.BMissLintookourclasstoBeijingCapitalInternationalAirportlastSaturday.Onthewayt otheairport,ChenLinsaidtome,“

27、 MyfatherisabusineSsman(人).Heoftengoestotheairport,butIneverwenherebefore. " Soonwegottotheairport.Itisbig andbeautiful.MissLi,aworkerattheairport,showedusaround带参观)theairport.Shetoldusalotabouthowtheairportworked.Thereweremanypeopleatthecheck-incounter(登机手续办理处).ThereweevenmetLinZhiling.Lotsofreporterswerearound