2013年高考英语二轮专题思路点拨及增分训练阅读理解3

1、-1 -2013 高考英语二轮专题思路点拨及增分训练一阅读理解031.寻找主题句，确定文章主题 在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主 标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为 一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小。精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。在选择标题时，要注意三点：第一：要在 阅读原文的基础上， 仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系； 第二： 再看它对 文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；第三：要注意题目是过大还是过小。答案速递1. 1. A。短文中

2、没有主题句，通过仔细阅读全文，从例证关系来分析，本文的主题思想应归纳为：People enjoy different kinds of recreation.因此，A 为正确答案。2. A。上面这段话的主题句位于本段的中间：The flood of cheaper foreig n cars has notcost America n autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected.据此，此题的正确答案应为 A.。3. C。四项选择中 A 项和 D 项内容太具体，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B 项内容又太笼统，超出了作者的原意。只有C 项才准确地概括

3、出段落的主旨思想。4. D。这一篇短文前几句只讲述了具体情况，均不具备主题句的特征，只有最后一句话是概括性的、总结性的，因此本段的最后一句是主题句，故正确答案是D。5. D 这是一篇报道，文章的第一段只有两句话：“20 个学生（2 女 18 男）有充分的理由为自己感到自豪，因为他们夺得了第五届华罗庚杯数学竞赛的金奖，是 4 百万参赛学生中的佼佼者”，下文接着对竞赛的有关情况进行报道，因此，第一段实际上就是这篇报道的主题句。A、B、C分别只包含了报道的部分信息，显然不合题意；D 选项与主题句的意思完全一致，因此是正确答案。II. D。文章以月球人的问题 Why are you traveling

4、 to outer space when you don t evenuse your inner space?引起话题，接着讲叙了人类目前对地下空间的利用现状，结尾以地下空间开发的支持者的话点题buildi ng dow n rather tha n buildi ng up is a good way touse the earth s space。A 选项只是本文话题的部分意思，不是主要话题；B 选项与文章的意思无关；文章主要是讲地下空间的开发利用，而不是讲如何享受地下生活，因此C 选项与文章的主题也无关；D 选项符合文章的主要内容，与主题句的意思一致，因此，是该题的正确 答案。单词百宝

5、箱brew n.调制，酿造He brewed cups of thick Turkish coffee.ingredients n.（混合物的）组成部分；配料；构成要素，因素Flour and fat are the most importa nt in gredie nts.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。breeze n. 微风,轻风It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天气闷热,一点风也没有。in satiable adj.不知足的，贪求无厌的The young man has an in satiable hun ger for kn

6、o wledge.这个年轻人有着一副永不满足的求知欲。orientation n. 方向,目标他调制了几杯很浓的土耳其咖啡。-2 -The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation. 行者迷失了方向。in suit v. vt.侮辱,辱骂You will in suit her if you dont go to her party.你要是不去参加她举办的聚会,就对她太无礼了。acqua intance n.熟人We talked as if we were old acqua intan ces.我们就好像是老相识般谈

7、话。rung n.地位，横档Hard work and long hours are rungs in the ladder of success.刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的阶梯。wilderness n. n. 荒野，茫茫一片，大量，荒地The surro unding country is a wilder ness of sand.周围是茫茫一片砂石地。时文阅读Traditi onal forms of work also cha nged. Some people were better at perform inga particular task than other clan m

8、embers, so then began to specialize in things theywere good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that othersproduced.People bega n to com muni cate with dista nt tribes. Land was cleared for roads.Foreign plants and animals were transportedto places where they

9、 had not existed before.Specialization also give people more free time. So art,danee and music becameimportant ways of expressingfeelings and thoughts. This was how many greatcivilizations started.Compared to the past, modern civilization has experieneed many changes to become the highlydeveloped so

10、ciety that exists today. Populati ons have in creased rapidly.Forests have bee n cleared for farms. Inven ti onsand tech no logyhave made work easier.However, polluti on and other serious problems have also resulted from huma nprogress. As concerned citize ns, it is up to us to lear n from past mist

11、akes and to help maintain andimprove our environment.1 Early tribes didn t have much effect on animal population because_A .they kept ani mals for themselves B they ate only vegetablesC they loved ani malsD they killed only eno ugh for food2 The main purpose for small cla ns to join together was_A t

12、o hurt ani malsB to seek safetyC to share cavesD to protect en vir onment3 Accord ing to the passage ,we can lear n that_A early people moved to new places look ing for new sources of food蜿蜒的小径使徒步旅-3 -B modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groupsC moder n adva nceme

13、nts are always good for the environmentD people bega n to excha nge goods because they did n t have eno ugh money4 It can be con eluded from the passage that_A huma n progress has brought civilizati on to the societyB civilization has improved traditional forms of workC early people un derstood envi

14、ronmen tal protecti onD our en vir onment has bee n affected by huma n progressMother Knows Best?Once while being prepared for a televisi onin terview, I was chatt ingwith the hostabout stay-at- home fathers. I made the point that one reason we re seeing morestay-at- home dads may be that it s no Io

15、n ger a give n (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into acco unt whe n decidi ng which pare nt will stayhome.At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loudeno ugh for my ben efits,“ It should be the better

16、pare nt who stays at home” . A lotof guys say things like that.I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited .It implied that our family s choice could only have been correct if I was a “ better ” pare nt tha n my wife.I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this

17、 kind of thinkin g. I suppose anargument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better ” pare nt: shehad spe nt more time with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice ,he d have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable

18、one, my wife went out to work andI looked after our son.Know what? I caught up. Because of the in creased time I spe nt with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he n eeded and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experieneehelped me uniock one of the world s great

19、 secrets: Women are good at looking after the childrenbecause they do it. It s not becauseof any born female gift or a mother s in st inct which I thi nk is mostly lear ned any way. It s becausethey put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.-4 -Womerobviously get a biological

20、head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experienee is more importa nt. When I got the experie nee myself, I was good, too. As good? I don t know. Whocares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of look ing after them besides Mom.64. Which of the followi ng

21、 does the first paragraph imply?A. Men are no Ion ger give n the cha nee to stay at home as they used to.B. In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands.C. The author is telli ng the readers that he works in the TV stati on.D. There are more stay-at- home fathers tha n stay-at-home mothers.65. The author decided to stay at home e