被动语态高考真题解析

1、被动语态高考真题解析一、单项选择被动语态1. The house, which last night,my aunt but she doesn' t live there any more.A. was broken into; is belonged to B . broke into; is belonged toC. broke into; belonging to D . was broken into; belongs to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在 那里住了。第一空，根据 last night及

2、句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，breakinto破门而入”，答案为was broken into;第二空，belong to属于"，无进行和被动语态， 结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为 belongs to。故选D。2. The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A. elected B. settledC. developed D. contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle ,意为 解决"。elect选举；develo

3、p发展；contain包含，控制。故选 B。3. Her own story and this book is expected to come out next week.A. had been written B . has been writtenC. had written D . has written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完 成时的被动语态。故选B。4. The window is dirty.I know. It for weeks.A. hasn ' t cleanedB. didn ' t

4、 cleanC. wasn' t cleanedD. hasn' t been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1.确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意： 一窗户很脏。 我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。5 Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos then.A will take

5、B will be taken C have taken D have been taken【答案】 B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选B。6 All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he badly wounded and that he at once.A should be; be operated onB were; must be operated onC be; was operated onD was; be

6、 operated on【答案】 D【解析】试题分析：考查insist 的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。 insist 作 “坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当 “坚持说，坚持陈述某事实解时，用陈述语气。考点 : 考查 insist 的用法7 105 The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 eventsto the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A will make B will be made

7、C has been made D had made【答案】 B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020 年东京奥运会上将增加 15个比赛项目。从年份2020 可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。8 103 When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center , for theNational Games are to be held then.A will be constructing B will have been constructedC has been con

8、structing D is being constructed【答案】 B【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语nextAugust ，排除C， D 两项，再根据a modern sports center 和 construct 是被动关系，排除A项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选 B 项。9 Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A has held B will

9、 be heldC will hold D has been held【答案】 B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。句中主语Oral English exams 和动词 hold 是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完成，排除D,故选B。10 Various efforts in the past decades to protect the environment.A had made B have madeC were made D have been made【答案】 D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种

10、努力。根据in the past decades 可知句子用现在完成时态， efforts 是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make 之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。11 . 一 Are the repairs finished yet?-Yes, they when I came back home.A would be completed B would completeC had completed D had been completed【答案】 D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过

11、去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。12 It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that for the death of somany innocent people.A are blamedB was to blame C was blamed D were to blame【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致以及be to blame 的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for表示 应受责备，应对负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语 the na

12、tural disaster ,是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持 一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用 was to blame ,故选 B项。13 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A can be the patients treatedB the patients can be treatedC can the patients be treatedD treated can be the patients【答案】 C【解析】试题

13、分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加50%的医生，这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。"only状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选 C项。考点 : 考查部分倒装14 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a womanto be infected with thebird flu virus.A confirmedB had been confirmedC was confirmedD have confirmed【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9 病毒的报告发生在 2014 年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了

14、禽流感。Confirm 证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014 可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014 ，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、 D； woman 与 confirm 是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选 C。考点：考查时态与被动语态15 The officer commanded that everyone passing bythat day.A searchB would be searchedC be searchedD must be searched【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。 command 后面的宾语从句用

15、虚拟语气，（should） +动词原形，此处 everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为C16 Why do you look very upset? The electricitywas cut off suddenly and my essayunfinished since.A was leftB has leftC had been leftD has been left【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意： 你为什么看起来很沮丧？ 突然停电了，那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语 since表示从那时起到现

16、在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选D。He 17 Louis Cha （金庸 ） passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”A could have been rewardedB must have been rewardedC should be rewardedD need have been rewarded【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考

17、查情态动词 +have done 用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。 A. could have been rewarded 本可以被授予； B. must have been rewarded 一定被授予； C. should be rewarded 应该被授予； D. needhave been rewarded 本必要被授予。根据语境， A 选项正确。【点睛】could have done 可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为 “本来可以 ”“本来能

18、 ” ，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为 “可能（已经） ”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A 选项正确。18 The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A treatedB were treatedC would treatD would be treated【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态的用法。句意：在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。 theguests in the hotel是定语从句 U,修饰 The way, trea

19、t是从句的谓语动词， The guests 与 treat 之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选 B。19 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A have told ； washesB have been told ； washesC was told ； washedD have been told ； is washed【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且I

20、与 tell 是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词 wash 与副词 well 连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste（吃起来）,sound （听起来），prove（证明是），feel（摸上去感到）等,例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良

21、药苦口。2）一些与can't（不能）或won't（不会）连用的动词。常用的有：lock（锁住），shut（关上），open （打开，营业），close （关门），cut （切割）,weigh （重），act （上演），例如：The door won't open. 这打不开。It can't move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些与 well（很），easily（容易地），perfectly（十分地）等连用的动词，如：sell, w

22、ash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种 动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有 的属性。例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。4）用在主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词， 例如：This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts lo

23、ng.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this article reads easily.5）某些不及物动词，如 happen, occur, cost以及短语，如 come out （出版），come up （出现）,come into being （产生）come to one' smind （想起）,turn out （证明是） ,come about （发生），break out （爆发），belong to （属于）等，本身表被动含义

24、，所以 它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.20 . My brother and I have her birthday party.A. been invitedB. been invited forC. invited toD. been invited to【答案】

25、D【解析】【详解】考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示 邀请某人去某地"，故D项正确。21 An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed at the Meridian Gate Gallery.A was held B would hold C has hold D will be held【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出 885 件文物。上文中的

26、to be displayed 表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition 与谓语动词hold 构成被动关系，故用 will be held 。故选 D。22 More efforts, as reported, in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structuralreform.A are madeB will be madeC are being madeD have been made【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，未来几年将会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。本句的时间状语in

27、 the years ahead 在将来的几年和一般将来时连用，且efforts 与动词make 构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B 项正确。23 Don t worry. The hard work that you do now later in life.A will be repaidB was being repaidC has been repaidD was repaid【答案】 A【解析】试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语later in life 意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的 now

28、混淆， that you do now 在句中充当 the hard work 的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选 A。考点：考查时态辨析。24 With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _in the past few years.A discoveredB have discoveredC had been discoveredD have been discovered【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：因为有高科技的帮助，

29、在最近几年中，越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years, 说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D 正确。25 They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals by 2022 for the Beijing WinterOlympics.A will installB will have been installedC are installedD have been installed【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装5G

30、 终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时；“5嘤端”和安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选 B。26 We won t start the work until all the preparations .A are being madeB will be madeC have been madeD had been made【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。 are being是现在进行时的被动形式； will be made 是一般将来时的被动形式； have been made 是现在完成时的被

31、动形式，用于强调动作产生的影响； had been made 是过去完成时的被动形式 。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时时，从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态；现在完成时强调过去对现在的影响或动作从过去一直持续到现在。故选C。【点睛】通常说来 , 在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，前面的主句中使用将来时。在高中英语中也使用现在完成时代替将来时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。主句是We won' t start从句用一般现在时或者现在完成时，故选C。27 They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult .A to solveB solvedC to be solved D solving【答案】 A【解析】be difficult to do【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语sth.难以；很难 后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用 to solv