初二巩固与预习第6讲

1、真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。初二下巩固与预习第6讲（教师用）主要内容：1.时间状语从句，条件状语从句，和原因状语从句 2.复习Unit6难点：时间状语从句，条件状语从句，和原因状语从句一时间状语从句，条件状语从句，和原因状语从句状语从句的概念用一个句子（从句）来作另一个句子（主句）的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。凡是从句都必须有引导词。1.时间状语从句。时间状语从句的连接词  1）. when, while, as  三者均可表示“当的时候”，如果主句中的谓语动词表

2、示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的动作正在进行，三者可通用。但是（1）when和as都可与终止性动词连用，而while只能与延续性动词连用。（2）as强调主句与从句中的谓语动词动作同时发生，也可表示一个人的两个动作交替或同时进行，意为“一边，一边”。  考题回放：Linda was just going out shopping _ the telephone rang. (2004聊城)   A. while    B. when   C. after    D. because

3、0; 2） after, before, as soon as  after表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后；before表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前；as soon as表示主句的动作是紧接在从句动作之后发生的，表示“一就”  考题回放：You should make a good plan _ you do anything important. (2004南通)   A. before    B. after    C. though    D. unti

4、l  3） until (till)  until (till) 在肯定句中，只与延续性动词连用，意为“到为止”；在否定句中，可与短暂性动词连用，意为“直到才”，这时till和until可以用before替换。I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里，直到你回来。（stay表示的动作可以持续）He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。（go to bed 表示的动作不能持续）考题回放：I wont believe that littl

5、e Bob can run 100 meters in 15 seconds _ I see it with my own eyes. (2004黑龙江)       A. until     B. after     C. when     D. if 2. 条件状语从句的连接词  引导条件状语从句的连词有if（如果）；unless(除非)，它相当于“if . not”；as(so) long as (只

6、要)等。  考题回放：Well go to visit Tiananmen Square _ it doesnt rain tomorrow. (2004河北)       A. if    B. as soon as    C. when    D. since 热点三 主从句的时态呼应  1当状语从句表示将来时，在when, after, before, until, as soon as, once等引导的时间状语从句和

7、if引导的条件状语从句中，从句通常不用一般将来时，而用一般现在时。即“主将从现”E.g. Ill tell you as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就告诉你。  考题回放：Dont leave until he _ back. (2004黄冈)       A. have come    B. comes       C. will come    D. came 原

8、因状语从句用法要点常用的引导连词有becauseWhy did you go？ I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去？那是因为汤姆叫我去。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.他很生气不是因为我们来迟了，而是因为我们弄出了声音。二. 复习unit 61.重点单词。2.重点短语。Find out come up with look forward to( doing)Hear from as soon as you bet Out of sight cant he

9、lp doing be satisfied withHere and there=everywhere slow down go on a visit to sp.Raise money worry about=be worried about Be on vacation在度假 spread over=cover 覆盖 two and a half hour=two hours and a half make sure in the old days Be full of =be filled with be surprised atStand for have fun doing deal

10、 with Stop to do stop doing3.重点句型。1.I want to make a room reservation.2.The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.3.Darren was reading Renai English Post when Micheal came in.4.As they were exploring happily, the crowd of people became larger and larger.5.He didnt raise his head until someon

11、e called him.6.If people obey traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.4.重点语言点。1）动词不定式。动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为to+动词原形，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点： 1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。动词不定式作主语

12、动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：A.It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.B.It is +名词(for sb)to do sthC.It takes sb some time to do sthD.It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式A中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式D中常用hard， dif

13、ficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。注意： 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is to的句型(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和 It's of sb. of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。It's very nice of you to help m

14、e. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。1. It's our du

15、ty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省)2. It's hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)4. It's very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cu

16、p.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. take， to， build 4. B2. 动词不定式作宾语在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面Want/ like/ agree/ hope/wish/learn/ begin/ start

17、/ seem/ decide/ hate/choose/ forget/remember to do sthIt is +adj.+ to do sth. e.g. It is difficult to finish the work in 2 weeks.1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)2. Don't forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to ta

18、ke D. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D动词不定式作宾语补足语不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等. 即“v+sb+ to do sth”1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A

19、. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省)2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省)Key： 1. B 2. C动词不定式作状语go， come， try， do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B.

20、looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C3. I'm sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)4. I'm sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (

21、吉林省)5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省)Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A简析be +形容词+ to do sth结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。6. The panda is so large  that it can't go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a large  panda to go through. (广东省)7. The ice

22、 on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasn't _ enough _ people _ _ _. (广东省)Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on简析在上述too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足够做)结构中，不定式作结果状语。 sosuch. that.如此.以致.的用法及与

23、其它句型的互换.A.SbSth +be V+  so + adjadv (aan+adj +n)+that + can'tcouldn't.= SbSth +be V+ too+adjadv(for+SbSth)+to+V . .如此.以致.=太而.不能.B、.so that to  =in order to+V动词that+从句   .为了以便于.C、.SbSth +be+  so + adj形容词a an +n V +adv副词(so +littlemanymuch. such +aan+adj +n 名形容词+名词)+th

24、at + canould=.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough足够的 + to+V.如此.以致于.=.足够.干.如：他太年轻了而不能去上学。A.  He is  too  young to go  to school.B.  He is so young that he cant go  to schoolC He is nt old enough  to go to school.D.  He is so a young boy that he cant  go  to sc

25、hool（ ）1、The water is _ dirty _ the animals cant drink it.A. too . to  B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to 答案是A（ ）2、The computer cost _much money _ I cant afford to buy it.(答案选项同1)答案：B。因money前有 much所以不能用 such3环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。Environment _  _  _  for  endrangered

26、 animals to live on.五、动词不定式作定语1. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省)Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语

27、之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要 的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。六、不带to的动词不定式1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)3. Your father is sleeping.

28、 You'd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (贵州省)Key： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C简析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式

29、要带to(let没有被动语态)。2.在。had better+V/not +V最好干。后面接不带to的不定式。七、动词不定式的否定形式1. Mr Black asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didn't jump D. not jump (广西壮族自治区)2. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)3. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C简析动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面