定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)

1、定语从句定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词 或主语的全部内容。通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。 定语从句的三种功能：L连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句2 .指代功能：指代先行词3 .语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分（定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种）that which who whom whose when where why主语宾语定语表语指人whothatwhom thatwhosethat指物which thatwhich thatwhosethat注：二.系代运在句中充当主语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现 ：代词

2、所替 代的名词或代词。1 .关系代词在从句中作主语时丕能直望 A plane is a machine which / that can fly .（作主语）The dog which / that was lost has been found .（作主语） The number of peop1e who / that lost homes reached 250,000 .Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you .2 .关系代词在句中作宾语时可省略 The noodles that / which I cooked were del

3、 icious .（作宾语）This is the book that / which I want to read .The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father . The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary .Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from .Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to3 .关系代词在从句中做定语 The nove

4、l whose cover was broken blongs to me . Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher .I know the person whose company produces computers .This is the person whose story surprised everybody .4.s.关系代词在句中作表语时可省略(只能用that)She is not the girl that she was .【定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择】1 .明确关系代词，关系副词在定语从句中的

5、不同作用关系代词which , that , who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语关系副词when , where, why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语， 只缺时间、地点或原因状语2 .分析句子结构，明确句法成分关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果定语从句中谓 语动词是及物动词，应观察其后有无宾语。如果没宾语，则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关 系代词which或that。如果句子中有宾语，就考虑关系副词when或where等关系副词(when , where , why)1. when在定语从句中做【时间状语】I still remembe

6、r the day when I first came to Beijing .We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm .Ue came at a time when Gt which，we needed help .2. where在定语从句中做【地点状语】This is the house where we lived last year .The factory where his father works is in the west of the city .After living in Pair

7、s for fifty years , he returned to the smal 1 town where he grew up as a child .3. why在定语从句中做【原因状语】There are several reasons why we can* t do that .He couldn* t give the teacher a good reason 卬 hy he was late for school .Is this the reason why ( for which ) he refused our offerThe reason why V for w

8、hich ) she was i 11 is that she had eaten bad meat .比较I'11never forget the days that/ which I spentwith my teacher .I'11never forget the days whenI worked with you .Itisthe house that / which wasbuiIt two yearsago .Itisthe house where / in whichI was born .The reason which / that he gave was

9、 an excuse .The reason why he was late was the rain .Do you know the reason why he didn, t turn up只能用that的定语从句1 .先行词为不定代词【alleverying nothing anything little muchnone时或被这些词修饰时，关系代词只用thatAll that can be clone has been done .2 .当先行词被【形容词的最高级】修饰时，只用thatThis is the most beautiful park that I have visite

10、d .The Titanic is the most dangerous film that I' ve ever seen .The best one that 1' 11 choose will be you .3 .当先行词被序数词【the first , the second , the last等修饰时，只用that The first lesson that we have learned will never be easily forgotten . This is the last class that we will have this term .4 .当

11、先行词被the only , the very , the last修饰时，只用 that(some , any , few , much , no , very , only )The only student that may be elected is in our class .I have no question that will be asked .There was little that interested him at the meeting .This is the very book that I am looking for .5 .当先行词既指【人】又指【物】时W

12、e often talk about the persons and things that we remember .The characters and the animals that are in the picture are very native .The train ran over a boy and his dog that yf ere just crossing the railroad .6 .当主语是以【wh。或which开头的疑问句】时，为避免重复而用thatWho is the girl that is standing thereWho is the boy

13、that shook hands with you just nowWhich is the hotel that you stayed at last month7 .当way做先行词时，关系代词可以有三种形式thatin whichXI don' t like the way that / in which / X you speak to your mother like that .8 .先行词在句中作【表语】Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be .定语从句练习1:1. -Do you know the man is

14、 talking with your father-Yes, he' s our headmaster.A. he B. who C. which D. whom2. Is this the river I can swimA. which B. in which C. that D. the one3. This is the best hotel in the city I know.A. where B. which C. that D. it4. Can you lend me the dictionary the other dayA. that you bought B.

15、you bought itC. that you bought it D. which you bought it5. Anyone with what I said may put up you hands.A. which agrees B. who agreeC. who agrees D. which agree6. My watch is not the only thingis missing.A. that B. it C. which who7. The man coat is black is waiting at the gateA. who* s B. whose C.

16、that of which.8. The girlis reading under the tree my sister.A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was9. I love places the people are really friendly.A. that B. which C. where D. who10. The worldis made up of matter.A. in that we live B. on which we liveC. where we 1 ive in D. we live in定语从句练

17、习2：1. This is the bag my mother bought yesterday.A. that B. who C. whomD. this2. The man lives next to us is my English teacher.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. /3. The girl you saw in the street is Mary.A. thatB. whoseC. whichD. as4. Is this the factory a lot of students visited yesterdayA. the oneB. which

18、C. whoD. whom6. The only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A. which B. that C. / D. it7. The girl handed everything she had picked up in the street to the pol ice.A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all9. Please show me the book you bought yesterday.A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this10. This is t

19、he best book I have been looking for all this year.A. whoB. whom C. which D. /11. This is the only article of these that written by him.A. wasB. were C. is D. are12. The man was here just now is a doctor.A. whom B. who C. /D. he13. The boy has two lovely dogs.A. who live next doorB. which lives next

20、 doorC. whom lives next doorD. that lives next door14. Those made no mistakes in today' s exercises please raise your hands. A. whichB. whom C. thatD. who15. The farm we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday.A. whenB. where16. He is the most careful boyA. whatB. which17. This is the s

21、choolMr.A. in thatB. when18. Have you visited the houseA. whereB. in that19. The factory Mr. Li useA. whenB. where20. Do you still remember the deC. thatD. at thatI know.C. asD. . /Smith once taught.C. whereD. therethe famous scientist was bornC. thatD. which3d to work was closed last week.C. thatD.

22、 whichiy we first metA. thatB. whenC. what D. on that21. October1,1949isthe daywe'11 never forget.A. whenB.thatC.whereD.inwhich22. October1,1949wasthe daythePeople' sRepublicofChina was founded.A. whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich23. Is this the shop sells children' s clothingA. whichB. whereC. in which D. what25. I still remember the sitting-roommy mother and I used to sit in the evenin