初一英语补习资料

1、真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。二 情态动词Can 1 can作“能、会”解，否定式是cannot，缩写为cant。 “can+动词原形” “cant+动词原形” ：表示某人能做或不能做某事Can 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化。Can 表示的”能力”为现在的能力，而不是过去或将来的能力。1). for ability表示能力。例如： Can you write in English? Yes, I can. I can run fast,can you? 2). indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示获得的知识或技能。例如： Can

2、she speak Japanese? No, she cant.她会说日语吗？不，她不会。 3). indicating permission表示许可。例如： Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗？ Can I take you home?我送你回家行吗？ We cant wear jeans at work.我们上班时不准穿牛仔裤。 4). indicating requests表示要求。例如： Can you help me with this box?你能帮我弄这个箱子吗？ Can you feed the cat?你喂喂猫好吗？ 5). indica

3、ting possibly表示可能性。例如： That cant be Maryshes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽她住院了。 He cant have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得着觉。 Theres someone outsidewho can it be?外面有人会是谁呢？ 6). used to make suggestions用以提出建议。例如： We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的话，咱们可以在饭馆吃饭。 I can take the car if necessary.必

4、要时我可以开车去。三 情态动词Would 1 Would是will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的"意志"、"愿望"和 "决心"等。如：I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告诉彼得我要跟他一块去。2 would用来表示现在时间时时，不论是表达说话人本身的意志或向对方提出请求，均较will婉转。如：Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒吗?Would you please tell me the way to the neare

5、st bus-stop? 注在日常会话中，I would like to和I should like to都可以说，I would like的简略式为I'd like。如：yes, Id like to. Yes, Id love to Yes, very much. Sorry, ai already have an appointment. 3 Would还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我发现退休的人经常到公园里下棋。When he had a p

6、roblem to solve，he would work at it until he found an answer.当他有个问题要解决时，他总是想办法一直到找到答案为止。练习：1 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_A_.A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not2 The children_ play football on the road.A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must3 -Shall we go and visit the Histor

7、y Museum next Sunday?A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try4 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup?A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must5 _ you like to have another try?A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do6 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, _.A. I'd like B. I want

8、 C. I'd like to D. I do练习：五 “have got”六 序数词七 一般现在时一般现在时：1) 它表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理，表示格言或警句中e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 一 其结构按正常语序

9、，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.二 其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作， 一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词dont；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 They have lunch at 12:00. They dont have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?2）单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesnt；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnt speak English very w

10、ell. Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be动词的要在be上做变化. E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isnt a good student. Is Danny a good student?三 其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 做题时常见错误如下：一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例：We are plant (plant)

11、the trees in spring.解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be 、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”二、单三人称形式易出错例：1 He plaies (play) football very well.2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案：1 plays 2 goes 解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es；2与名词变

12、复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesnt lives (not live) in China. 答案：1 Does have 2 doesnt live 解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.四、对do的理解易出错例：We dont (not do) our homework in the afternoon.

13、答案：dont do解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词dont。五、对主语的数判断有误例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is.另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。练习：1 Jen

14、ny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain 4 He said the sun _i

15、n the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen6 Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B1 I can take Li Min

16、g there when he _ ( come) to visit.2 _your sister_(know)English?3Her home_ _ _(远离 )her school.4The pot_(not look) like yours very much.5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day?6 Who_(想要 )to go swimming?7 _she_(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon .答案：1 comes

17、2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look 5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play 补充知识点：一this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)

18、向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are yo

19、u？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？ Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？ Its a kite. 是只风筝。 二 these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那

20、是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。 三不定冠词a和ana和an都是不定冠词，表示一(个，支，本，块)的意思，但不强调数量概念，而是强调类别，用来限定名词。a用在辅音素开头的单数名词前，如：a pencil(一支铅笔)，a book(一本书)；an用在元音音素开头的名词前

21、，如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语，用a还是用an，则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如：a clock 一座钟 an old clock 一座旧钟 a book 一本书 an English book 一本英语书a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果 an apple 一个苹果 五like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v. -ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playing

22、 football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。 六句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe, youyou，she,he,it they。She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is要变为are。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is

23、 a boy. They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box. These are boxes. 七英语日期的表示法英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10th May，2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一

24、年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。She was born in 1989 She was born in August. She was born in August 1989. She was born on 2nd August, 1989. 八 时间的表达法(1) 直读式，即直接读出时间数字7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2) 过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以30分为分界线）1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12小时制6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分(4)24小时制13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分(5)15分可用quarter4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)时间前通常用at.at 5 oclock at 7:30 p.m. 九 关于时间的问法(1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？ My