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1、英美报刊选读、教学目的通过本课程的学习,使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解,认识英美报刊语言、文体、 词汇、 语法等基本特点, 掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧, 为独立阅读英美报刊打下良 好的基础。二、教材特点与该课程旧教材(第 1 版)相比,本教材具有以下特点:1为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯,培养他们独自排解疑难词语的 能力,编者不但向他们推荐工具书,并教授他们使用方法;为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆, 还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。2为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量,本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合课文,讲透疑难词语。此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。3为使

2、学生掌握必要的读报知识,本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文,介绍重要的并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等,并举例说明其重要性。4为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识,加深对课文的理解,编者较系统地说明标题的若干特点,对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。三、教学内容英美报刊选读为省开课程。1 课(共授课内容:重点为第15课),其它内容主要供自学。1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、 21、24、28、 302课时安排:a)b)学员自学: 2学时/周,共 30学时学完 15 课。面授辅导: 4学时 /次,共 4次。每学时辅导一课,最后一学时复习。作业:共四次,在湖北

3、电大网站英语本科网页上下载,课后完成,交辅导教师批改,以加3评分,作为平时成绩的主要依据。学员完成作业后,可浏览网页上的“答案及详解” 深理解,检查自己掌握的情况四、教学建议教师授课时应以学生为中心, 鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。 在上课时, 可要求学生 先回答每课后的练习题一一Questio ns,使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。然后,再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、 新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。 如果备 课充分,学生的英语水平又高, 教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法, 抛开课本或讲义,只 讲有关课文的重点词语、 背景知识和写作手法等。 这样, 学生除预习外,课后还要

4、结合教员在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。这两种授课方式的好处是,使学生通过自学(指预习) 和教师的指导, 自己主动去掌握知识。 与以教员为中心的灌输式教学方式相比, 学生更能巩 固所学, 并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。 此外, 这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么 详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。 当然, 这只是本人的实践和看法。 我 相信在调动学生主动学习的积极性方面还有更多、更好的教学法。五.考试说明英美报刊选读”期末考试题型介绍1报刊名称及常见报刊词汇英译汉: 十小题,每题 2 分,共 20 分内容以辅导书的附录为主2阅读理解: 2 篇文章,选自作业题,选择题或判断题,共

5、40 分。3阅读与翻译:一篇文章,选自教材重点课目练习,共40 分。1)问答题: 20 分。 2).段落英译汉: 20 分。六.课程辅导英美报刊选读辅导Newspapers and HeadlinesDo you have the habit of readingnewspapers in English?Whata list of the majornewspapers do you like to read?The following is newspapers in Britain and the United States. The major newspapers in Britai

6、nDailiesSundaysThe TimesNews of the WorldThe GuardianThe ObserverFinancial TimesThe Sunday PeopleThe Daily TelegraphSunday MirrorDaily ExpressThe Sunday TelegraphDaily MailThe Sunday TimesDaily Mirror The major daily newspapers in the United StatesNew York TimesUSA TodayWashington PostChicago Daily

7、TribuneLos Angeles TimesDetrolt NewsWall Street JournalNew York Daily NewsChristian Science Monitorhas separate sections: world news,Newspapers ,along with reporting the news ,instruct ,entertain, and give opinions. A newspapernational and local news,sports,business ,entertainment, opinions,comics,

8、classified ads,etc.You can be a betternewspaper.For example,if you know what to expect in a when you read a newspaper you usuallyreaderlook quickly at headlines first. Newspaper headlines have a language of their own and it is necessary to learn about it.Please read the following headlines:Moscow of

9、ficial wounded by gunmenEarthquake rocks TurkeyHusband to sue wifeBoy on cliff rescuedYoung Sudanese refugees endured famine, separations from familyFrom above we can see two prominent features of English newspaper headlines: Headlines are almost always in the present tense and even futureevents are

10、 put in the present tense 。Headlines generally omit unnecessary words, especially articles and the verb to be.And is often replaced by a comma.Newspaper headlines can be classified into several types:Straight headlines give you the main topic of the story.They are the mostcommon type of headline and

11、 are the easiest to understand.Snow has chilling effects on SouthClinton offers Bush advice.Headlines that ask a question,report a future possibility or offer some doubtabout the truth or accuracy of the story.Can technology fix ballot woes?Do market analysts have bad aim or bad intentions? Headline

12、s that contain a quotation which is important or which shows that astatement is not proven.Mother:Let my baby goWe won't quit ” Double headlines are two-part headlines for the same story and are often used for major events.How Express broke diplomatic silenceHUSH-UP ON “SPY” ENVOYS Feature headl

13、ines are used for stories that are either highly unusual or amusing.Headlines for such stories try to be as clever as possible to catchthe reader'sinterest.Teletubbles maker seeks funds for expansionDead student fell under the crush during clashes英美报刊选读辅导二Understanding Headline VocabularyEnglish

14、 newspaper headlines use a special vocabulary.A headline contracts a lot of information into a short space and hence in headlines we often see Short words used instead of long onese.g. aid=assistbare=expose or reveal;blast=explodeprobe=investigationwoo=seek to win Abbreviations such as short names w

15、hich can be used when theyare likely to be identified by the reader.Also initials are usedwhenever possible.e.g. Close-up on WILL(WILL=Willam Shakespeare)Yard smash airport gang(Yard=Scotland Yard)MP slams hospital delay(MP=member of Parliament) shortened words and slange.g. Weekly mag for stamp lov

16、ers to be launched(mag=magazine)Br fly into stormover plgeon ban(Br=Britain)Olivier deniesblackmail ” jibe(jibe=an insulting attack)The following is a list of words with their common headlinemeanings.Try to be famillar with these words.WordCommon headline meaningExamplAccordagreementAccord possible

17、todayAirto make knownTV airs “ facts o”n armsdeliveryAssailto criticize stronglyRuss assails US on A-testsAxeto dismiss from a jobGovernor to axe aide?Backto supportAlgeria backs decision to ignoredollarBalkto refuse to acceptUnion balks at court orderBarnot to allowClub faces shutdown for barringwo

18、menBidattemptBid to open borderBilkofferUnion rejects latest bidto cheatClerk bilks company of $1mBlast(noun)explosion;strong criticismTanker blast near Manilablazecite(verb)criticize stronglystrike with explosivesfirementionunrest forclaimto declare to be trueMP blasts democratsBlaze kills threeMan

19、agement cites laborshutdownMan claims ghost sightingclaim(claimto killBombs claim40the life of)clash(noun)battle; disputeMarine dies in clash(verb)disagree strongly;fightMayor clashes with citycouncilcooluninterested; unfriendlyMoscow cool to aid offercurblimit; controlSunday drivingcurbsplanneddead

20、locka disagreement thatJury deadlock inkidnaptrialcannot be settleddrivea strong well-plannedeffort Cancer driveexceedsgoaldueeyevoteeaseeveindependencefaultfeudflayfoefoilgripgutheadby a group for a particularpurposeexpectedto watch with interestto reduce or loosenthe day beforeto find in the wrong

21、dispute;strong disagreementaccuse;criticize stronglyopponent; enemyto prevent from succeedingto take hold ofto destroy completely byoff to preventGreek FM due todayWomen's groups eye courtRome eases martial lawViolence on eve ofStudy faults policeBorder feud danger to regionalpeaceUS flays Russi

22、aClinton talks withcongressional foesFBI folls bid to hijack plane toIranCholera fear grips Japanfire Year's biggest fire guts 178homesPresident heads off railheisttheftholdkeep in police control;arrestinkto signstrikeJewel heist foiled7 held for smugglingThailand,Malaysia ink seatreatykeyvery i

23、mportantGov't.wins key votekickoffto beginFiery speech kicks off campaignlashoutcriticize strongly;College heads lash out atNUSlaudlinelaunchlinkloomloot(noun)accuseto praiseposition;demandto beginconnected toexpected in the nearfuturestolen money or goodsPM lauds community spiritIsrael softens

24、linePolice launch anti-drug driveFungus linked to mysterydiseasTreaty dispute loomingPolice recover loot(verb)unlawful taking away ofRioters loot stores goodsvaluablenabto captureGang leader nabbednetto take possession of;Customs check nets over$2mcapturenodapprovalMinister seeks nod for oil saving

25、planofficean important governmentMinister quits,tired of officepositionoptchoose;decideSwiss opt to back tax for churchesoustto take power away fromVoters'oust incumbentspacta solemn agreementPeace pact today?Pleadeeply felt requestMother's plea;Let me see my babya statement in court indicat

26、ingGuilty pleas expectedguilt or innocenceGuilty pleas expectedpledgepromiseIOC pledges supportpoisedready for actionWorkers poised to strikepollelectionOctober poll?Voting stationVoters go to the polls in JapanPostposition in government,Unknown gets key Cabinet postBusinessProbeinvestigationGoverno

27、r orders fire probePromptto causeCourt decision prompts public angerRageto burn out of controlForest fire ragesRap(noun)accusation chargeCorruption rap unfair says senator(verb)criticizeSafety commission raps auto companiesrockto shock;to surpriseGov't.report rocks stock marketroutdefeat complet

28、elyRebels routed,leave 70 deadrowa quarrelOil price row may bring down gov't.ruledecideCourt rules out PLO talkssackdismiss from a jobJail chief sackedsack(fromto search thoroughlyand rob 14 held for US embassysackingransack ” )setdecided on;readyIMF talks set for Aprilslayto kill or murder2 sla

29、in in family rowsnagproblem;difficultyLast minute snag hits arms talkssnubto pay no attention toProtestants snub Ulster peace bidsoarto rise rapidlyInflation rate soarssparkto cause;to leadto action Frontier feuding sparksattackstalematea disagreement that cannot be settledNew bid to break hostage s

30、talematestallmaking noprogressPeace effort in Lebanonstalledstanceattitude;wayof thinkingNew stancetoward powercutsstemtoprevent orstopRainy seasonstems refugeeexitswaytoinfluenceor persuadePresidentfails to swayunion-strike setswindle anunlawful way of gettingmoneyStock swindle inNYthwartprevent fr

31、om being successfulHonduras attackthwartedVowa solemn promisePolice chief vows to catchtiesrelationsVietnam ties soon?Trimto cutSenate trims budgetTriggerto causeKilling triggers riotVieto competeIrish top ranks vie forofficeVoidto determine to be invalidVoting law voides bycourtkidnappersWeigh to c

32、onsiderBush weights tax increase英美报刊选读辅导三The Newspaper LeadThe first paragraph of a news story is called the lead. It almost always gives you the story's main topic and most important facts.When you read a newspaper lead sentence, try to find the subject and main verb and note how the rest of th

33、e sentence adds information to the subject and main verb.Anwar Sadat Assassinated at Cairo Military ReviewCAIRO,October7-Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, a modern-day pharaoh who attempted to lead the Arab world toward a permanent Mideast peace with Isreal, was assassinated yesterday by a band of sol

34、diers who attacked a military parade reviewing stand with automatic rifles and hand grenades.Note that a great deal of information is included in a single sentence.The writer has organized the sentence around the subject(Egyptian President Anwar Sadat)and main verb(was assassinate) very carefully.Th

35、e lead sentence usually does the following: Answers questions such as “who? ” “what? ” “where? ” when? ”result? ” Adds background to help you better understand the story orState where the source of the story comes from.英美报刊选读辅导四Read the News StoryIn most news stories the most important facts will be

36、 found near the beginning-usually within the first two or three paragraphs.The remainder of the story will give details explaining and clarifying the main points,or introducing new,but less important information.The following is a formula for a typical news story; Paragraph OneThe story's subjec

37、t and most important facts. Paragraph TwoImportant facts that the writer was unable to include in the lead;Information to clarify the facts in the lead;A particularly important quote. The rest of the storySpecific details to answer readers' questions;Statements and opinions by people involved in

38、 the story or by outside observers;Background information;New,but less important facts.Accordingly, when you read a news story, you are to: Read the beginning of the story very carefully contains the most important fact.because it Try to look for more facts than those given in the lead. If you don&#

39、39;tkeep readingunderstand.understand something at the beginning for a second(and perhaps a third)of a story, chance to英美报刊选读辅导五Reading the Feature Story in a NewspaperIn most news stories the main points come very early and less impotant information comes later.There is another kind of story_thefea

40、ture story which follows a different format,the feature format.Popular Magazines and Magazine ArticlesReading popular magazines is a good way to vocabulary and learn a little bit about many topics in following is a list of major magazines in Britain and States.enlarge ourEnglish.The the United Magaz

41、ines in BritainThe EconomistBritain TodayThe SpectatorContemporary ReviewNew StatesmanLondon MagazineNew ScientistObserver ReviewThe ListenerPunchBritish Weekly Magazines in the United StatesTimeUS News & World ReportNewsweekReader's DigestLifeBusiness WeeklyFortuneHarper'sPeopleAmerican

42、 ReviewThe New Yorkeris to locate these main ideasPopular magazine writers use reader's attention:clever titles,shortVery often we read magazines while traveling or relaxing anywhere.Writers of magazine articles do not expect their audience to spend too much time reading and try to make the main

43、 ideas stand out clearly. The task for the reader quickly.various devices to capture aparagraphs and compound nouns to economize on words.Articles in magazine often have characteristics similar to those found in news stories or articles found in newspapers.Here are some feautures of magazine article

44、s: An introductory paragraph summarize the main idea; The details are given in the rest of the articles; The author's view of the subject is directed to a particular audience but may interest readers in general.英美报刊选读辅导六Reading AdvertisementsMost magazines and newspapers contain advertisements t

45、hat are designed to make us want the product.Advertisers want us to believe that their product is important for a good life. Some advertisements even present viewpoints on timely subjects.Like newspaper editorials.Such ads try to influence the reader's opinions.The language of advertising must be a language of immediate impact and rapid persuasion. No one is likely to spend much time deciding whether to read a printed advertisement or listen to a spoken one:If their attention is not attracted immediately and held firmly

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