采购物料管理系统分析报告[英文版]

1、Back Office System後檯管理系統Back Office SystemnFunctions:nSystems generally work behind the scenes nDesigned to automate key business function rather than serve the customer directlyBack Office SystemnPayroll systemsnAutomate the calculation and payment of wages and salariesnPersonnel systemsnStore and

2、analyze information about employeesnAccounting systemsnAutomate the process of drawing up periodic financial reportsnMarketing systemsnHelp analyze the market position f the hotelPayroll SystemsnCalculating payroll can be a complicated and time consuming processnDifferent work hour with different ra

3、tenRegular work hours ; overtime work hours; shift allowance;bonusesetcnIncome tax and national insurance charges must be calculated for every employeenhealth insurance deduction has to be madenCumulative period-to-date figures hav eto be stored and periodically reported to the Inland Revenue; Payro

4、ll SystemsnHospitality industry has several peculiar characteristics which make payroll calculation even more complicatednEmployees are multi-skilled and work in several departments, each with different hourly wage ratesnService charge has to be collected and distributedPayroll SystemsnWhat computer

5、ized packages can do about the payroll process?nAutomate the payroll processnReduce the time needed to complete the processnWages are paid frequently, major saving of time (cost) are possiblePayroll SystemsnHow does the payroll system works?nThe number of hours are entered into the system from a tim

6、e sheet, ornTransferred automatically from an electronic device (eg. Time clock)nHotel and catering computer systems can also act as time clocknEPOS or PMS can record the log-on and log-off time of each employee, and report the number of hours worked to the payroll systemnOnce the gross wage is know

7、n, the amount of tax due can be calculated using data from the employees master filePayroll SystemsnHow does the payroll system works?nItemized paylslips, listing all deductions, are then produced automatically by the system; some systems can print personalized pay cheques showing the name and the c

8、orrect amount due to each employeenSome systems allow payment to be made by Bank Giro, which reduce the costs of bank charges and administrative time when use cash or cheques for payroll. nBusiness cost are reduced (one cheque for entire payroll)nEmployee get paid more quicklyPayroll SystemsnHow doe

9、s the payroll system works?nFrom the banks point of view: Bank Giros are time consumingnSolution: Paypath or BACS(Bank Automated Clearing System), nallow the same data to be taken to the bank on computer disk, where it can be read directly ito the banks computernLess time is needed for processing th

10、e transactions, which is reflected in lower bank charges for the servicenSolution2: electronic funds transfer (EFT)nEliminates the need to go to the bank.nData can be transferred electronically, and the funds required for payment automatically removed from the firms bank accountTime sheetRestaurantW

11、eek ending: 21 Aug 99NameMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursday FridaySaturdaySundayTotalAnderson, John88889849Barker, Clive88488440Dunne, Joe9888841Fagan, Tom8888436Hogan, Fred4888836Twoomwy, Fred81088842Total Hours37323634323736244Employee Time SheetEmployee Master File Employee Master File Private and co

12、nfidential Employee no. 67845 Address: 127 Anglesea Rd Surname: Smith Donnybrook First name: Fred Dublin 4 Marital status: Married Social insurance no. 1236789A Payment period: Monthly Tax table: C Annual tax-free allowance 4230 Social insurance category: A1 Salary to date: 8000 Number of contributi

13、ons: 32 TFA to date: 2810 Cumulative tax paid: 2018 Personnel SystemsnBecause of the links between the payroll and the personnel departments, their computer systems tend to work closely with each other. In some cases, personnel systems incorporate payroll as part of their functions. However, it is m

14、ore common to have separate systems because each has its own goals and objectives.Personnel SystemsnFunctions:nStore a variety of information about each employeenAnalyzed data in various ways to produce useful information for the personnel manager.nLabour scheduling can assist in drawing up staff ro

15、stersPersonnel SystemsnComputerized Labour scheduling system nNumbers and skills are entered into systemnUse mathematical optimization technique to draw up rostersnMinimizes labour costs by making as much use as possible of permanent staff and by avoiding overtimenConfusion is reduced, as each emplo

16、yee received detailed individually printed report showing where and when he or she is scheduled to workPersonnel SystemsnPersonnel systems are still relatively uncommon in the hotel and catering industry.nIndividual hotels or restaurants tend to employ a relatively small number of people, and using

17、a complex computer system to help manage personnel might therefore be unproductive.人事薪資管理系統人事薪資管理系統n出勤刷卡作業出勤刷卡作業.人事員工管理人事員工管理.制服領用制服領用作業作業.薪資銀行轉帳作業薪資銀行轉帳作業.現金發放作業現金發放作業.二期薪發放作業二期薪發放作業.勞健保所得稅作業勞健保所得稅作業.年年度扣繳憑單作業度扣繳憑單作業.離職員工作業離職員工作業.出勤考出勤考核作業核作業.排班表作業排班表作業Accounting SystemsnThe traditional, paper-base

18、d method of accounting involves recording transactions in three ledgers: a sales ledger, a purchases ledger and a nominal ledger. Because a double-entry system is used to ensure accuracy, entries have to be made in several ledgers to record a single transaction.Accounting SystemsnComputerized packag

19、e simplify the process by completing each transaction in a single step.nAll necessary ledger entries are made automatically when the transaction is processed by the accounting systemnElectronic links to other computer system allow many of the postings to be made automatically.Accounting SystemsnAcco

20、unting systems are usually purchased in modules, each of which deals with different aspects of the accounting process.nEach module can work as a stand-alone package, or can be integrated with other modules to give a complete computerized accounting system.nModularization allows businesses to use onl

21、y those modules which are useful to them.nModularization also allows businesses to computerize in stages.Accounting System ModulesnDebtors-ledger modulenCreditors-ledger modulenNominal-ledger moduleDebtors ledger modulenFunctions and benefits:nRecords the details of all sales made by the business.nC

22、omputerized system ensures that customer accounts are always accurate and up to date, and mean that end-of-month statements can be produced promptlynAutomatically prints reminders to be sent to clients whose payments are overdue.nProvide important management information which makes it easier to mana

23、ge debtors efficiently (ex. Credit limit report)Creditors Ledger ModulenFunctions and benefits:nCreditors ledger records all purchases made by the businessnProvide valuable report and management information nex. Payments schedule, which list the amounts due to creditors in a calendar-like formatnEns

24、ures that payment is made on time, thus making use of discountsnPrevent payment being made too soon, thus allowing use to be made of the free credit given by suppliersNominal-Ledger ModulenFunctions and benefits:nProduce the final accounts: the trading account, profit and loss statement, balance she

25、etnAccounts can be produced far more regularly than would be possible using manual methods.nBecause accounts can be produced more often, management are able to react much faster to changes in performance, and control over the companys finances is much tighter.會計帳務管理系統會計帳務管理系統n會計總帳管理會計總帳管理,多公司多部門帳務多公

26、司多部門帳務,傳票傳票開立作業開立作業.各分類帳餘額作業各分類帳餘額作業,應收帳款應收帳款.票據作業票據作業.應付帳款應付帳款.票據作業票據作業,票據開票據開立管理立管理,各式財務報表列印各式財務報表列印.固定資財攤固定資財攤提作業提作業.每期折舊作業每期折舊作業Marketing SystemsnComputer applications that help identify and satisfy customer needs and thus help companies to achieve marketing objectives.nGuest-history systemsnCon

27、tact-management systemsnSales-analysis systemsGuest history systemsnHotels have traditionally stored a lot of data about their regular customers.nMaintain guest history manually is both expensive and difficult.nComputerized systems help by allowing much more information to be stored and processed wi

28、th vastly less clerical effort, and also by allowing the data to be accessed more quickly and easily.Guest history systemsnIn many cases, data is transferred automatically from other computer systems, such as the PMS, which helps to keep the data in the system accurate and up to datenThe data of gue

29、st history is a very valuable marketing toolnThe geographically and demographically information of guests can give an accurate profile of typical guests and their spending.Guest history systemsnData can be used in direct mail shots and to target promotional campaign.nRestaurants are using frequent c

30、ustomer scheme and computerized EPOS to track the spending habits of customers for marketing purpose.Contact management systemsnFocus on potential customers by recording and processing customer enquires.nTend to be used mainly in the sales departmentnStores a contact name and telephone number for each enquiry, along with a record of the services requestednDetails of correspondence are also stored on the system to show the