小升初之形容词和副词

1、 本道教育-您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校 小学英语语法形容词和副词教师： 王老师 学生：_ 时间： 2013 一、授课目的1)学习形容词和副词的结构和用法2)学习形容词和副词比较级。3)专题练习。二、授课内容：小升初英语 形容词、副词（一）复习：选词填空Where what whose when why how Who which what color how old How much How many1. _book is it? Its mine.2. _is the Christmas Day? Its on the December 25th.3. _is the pen? Its

2、 under the desk.4. _is the dress? Its blue.5. _is the boy in green? Hes Mike.6. _day is it today? Its Monday.7. _color do you like best? Red.8. _is your sister? Hes 15 years old.9. _is this yellow one? Its beautiful.10. _are you late for class? I am sick.11. _is the pen? -Ten yuan.12. _boys? -Three

3、boys.一、 形容词 副词1. 形容词：形容词(adjective)，简称adj.很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词，表示事物的特征。形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否.例：Tom is my good friend. He is tall. She is beautiful.2. 副词副词在句子中修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。用来说明动作或状态的特征，时间，地点，程度，方式等情况。 大部分形容词 + ly 可构成副词， 但有些 ly 结尾的词仍为形容词。 如：friendly, lovely, lonely, likely,

4、ugly.1】副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：1）时间副词：时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。 常见的时间副词有：now ，today, tomorrow, early。He often comes to school late. What are we going to do tomorrow?2）地点副词：地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, home, down, up, off, on, in, out等。：I met an old friend of mine on my way home.3）方式副词：方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问

5、题的。常见的方式副词有： badly, carefully, suddenly, happily, slowly, well, fast,The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to the teacher carefully.4）程度副词：程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too。She sings quite well. I can hardly agree with you.5)疑问副词：用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的

6、疑问副词：how, when, where, why。Where were you yesterday? Why did you do that?6)副词在句中的位置 多数副词放在动词之后。Mr Smith works very hard. She speaks English well.7)频度副词，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。He usually gets up early. Ive never heard him singing.She is seldom ill.8)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面

7、。例如：It is a rather difficult job. He runs very fast. He didnt work hard enough.9)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。On my way home, I met my uncle.The students there have a lot time to do their own research work知识点2：（1）enough 的用法： enough + N / N + enough adj./adv. + enough 如：I have enough money/money enough to buy

8、 this skirt. He is old enough to dress himself.（2）形容词修饰不定代词的用法：指物的不定代词：指人的不定代词：形容词修饰不定代词放在不定代词之后，做后置定语。something interesting nothing serious（3）多个形容词修饰名词的顺序： 限定词 + 数词 + 描绘词（大小，长短，新旧，形状，颜色）+ 出处 + 材料性质 +类别 + N. 如：a small round table; an expensive Japanese sports car. 练习题： 1.He keeps all his money in a

9、_ box.A.strong black metal B.metal strong black C.strong metal black D.black strong metal2. Kim is going camping with _ girls. A.little three other B.three little otherC.three other little D.little other three3.Yesterday we crossed the _ bridge behind the palace. A.old English stone B.English old st

10、oneC.old stone English D.English stone old4.How was your visit to Chengdu? -Very good. We spent the _ days with our friends. A.few last sunny B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sunny last练习：一.写出单词的正确形式填空。1. The man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _ (quiet).2. Ann felt very _

11、(happy) at her birthday party.3. How _ (heavily) the rain is!4. Nancy dances _ (beautiful).5. The students are getting very _ (exciting).6. The wind is blowing _ (strong).7. My father is a _ (care) reader.8. The teacher said _(angry), “Stop talking.” 二选择填空。 1.We decided not to climb the mountain bec

12、ause it was raining _.A.badly B.hardly C.strongly D.heavily 2.This machine has _ cover.A.a steel strong red B.a steel red strong C.a red steel strong D.a strong red steel 3.The boys draws _.A.careful B.carefully C.be careful D.care 4.This is a _ girl.A.lovely girl B.love girl C.girl lovely D.girl lo

13、ve 5.I have _ to tell you.A.something important B.important something C.some important D.important some 6.I will be back _ an hour.A.on B.up C.in D.off 7._ , they found the boy _.A.Suddenly; out B.Suddenly; outside C.Out; suddently D.Outside; suddently 8.Tom is _ for school.A.late always B.always la

14、te C.lately always D.always lately 9.He is _ to pick the apples.A.tall enough B.enough tall C.an tall enough D.an enough tall 10.The teacher speaks in a low voice. I can _ hear her.A.hard B.hardly C.no D.easy练习一、 写出下列词语的中文意思和反义词。1.happy _ _ 2.tall_ _3.soft _ _ 4.rich _ _5.new _ _ 6.dangerous _ _7.di

15、fferent _ _ 8.good _ _9.empty _ _ 10.thich _ _11.clean _ _ 12.dark _ _13.strong _ _ 14.cold _ _15.dry _ _ 16.difficult _ _17.far _ _ 18.cool _ _19.quiet _ _ 20.slow _ _二、 汉译英1. 一个旧杯子_2. 棕色的眼睛_3. 一件橙色的毛衣_4. 蓝色的鞋子_5. 一个有趣的故事_6. 一位英语老师_7. 一件漂亮的客厅_8. 一个高个子男孩_小升初英语 形容词、副词（二）形容词,副词的比较级和最高级一、 形容词、副词的比较级和最高

16、级1. 定义Ø 比较级:两个人或事物的比较（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物）。结构：主 + be + adj.比较级 + than + sb./sth. 主语 + 谓语 + adv比较级 + than + sb./ sth. Our teacher is taller than we are. The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.Ø 最高级:三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较.结构：主 + be + the + adj.最高级 + in./of. 主 + 谓语 + (the) + adv.最

17、高级 + in./of.Tom is the tallest in my class.2. 比较级和最高级的构成规则变化 1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 原级 比较级 最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）原级 比较级 最高级 fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest 3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er

18、（比较级），-est（最高级） 原级 比较级 最高级 big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest 4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。 原级 比较级 最高级 clever cleverer cleverest able abler ablest easy easier easiest 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。原级 比较级 最高级 careful more ca

19、reful most careful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/ further farthest/furthest 注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。 3. 形容词各等级的用法1) 原级（同级）比较：asa

20、s; not as(so)as She isnt as(so)active in sports as before. 2) 比较级：表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even, a bit, far, by far, many, any, a lot, still等修： He made fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I. 3) 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围： 修饰最高级的词有 by far, far, mostly, almostIt

21、was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. 4) 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： John is the clever of the two boys.4. 句式1) The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级."表示 " 越. 就越."。 The more you study, the more you know. 2) " 形容词比较

22、级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越. "。 It's getting hotter and hotter. 3) 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 4) the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 5) 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.练习：形容词副词比较级最高级练习题（一） 写出下列

23、形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ brightly_ -_ bably _ _ far_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ -_ unhappy_(二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns parents

24、have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her cla

25、ss. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive) (三)选择填空： 1 He feels _ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the tw

26、o toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 4. The line is _ than that one. A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 4

27、9 times as big as D.as big as 49 times 6. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beauti

28、ful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 9. They competed（比赛） to see who could work _. A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better 10._ hurry, _speed. A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the litt

29、le 11. This kind of coffee is different _. A. and it is also better B. and better than the other C. but also than others D. from the other, and better 12 - Are you feeling _? - Yes，I'm fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better13.The experiment was_ easier than we had expec

30、ted.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much14If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time(四)翻译句子： 1 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one. 2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。

31、It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 4 对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story is _ _ _ than that one. 5 他比我大两岁。He is _ _ _ than I. 6 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is _ _ _ than that one. 7 她的身体状况一天天好起来。He is getting _ _ _ every day. 8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ _ English. 9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _ he gets

32、. 10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _ _ _ of two.Homework:小升初主题实践测试题之形容词和副词一、 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级30×2s=60sold youngtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwellcarefulmanymuchbusydeliciousinterestinglittle二、 选择正确答案填空。15×2s=30s( )1.Do you think the

33、 chicken tastes _? She cooked it_, I think. A.good;good B.well;well C.well;good D.good;well( )2.I ate _ vegetables than I did yesterday. A.much B.many C.more D.most( )3.Now Peter is _than he was.A.more carefully B.much careful C.more careful D.much carefully( )4.This building is _ that tree. A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so taller than D.as taller as ( )5.Jane didnt do _ in the exam, but her exam results are _ than last years.A.bad; worse B.good; better C.well; better D.well; worse( )6.I