高考英语--虚拟语气用法总结ppt课件

1、虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气;概念：谓语概念：谓语v用不同的方式表示说话人的不赞同图，这用不同的方式表示说话人的不赞同图，这种方式称为语气。语气分三种：种方式称为语气。语气分三种：1.陈说语气：用来陈说一个现实，或提出一种看法，有陈说语气：用来陈说一个现实，或提出一种看法，有一定、否认、疑问、感慨等方式。一定、否认、疑问、感慨等方式。He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气：用来表示恳求、约请、命令、警告或劝告祈使语气：用来表示恳求、约请、命令、警告或劝告等动词常用原形等动词常用原形Do

2、nt be late！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是现实，而是一种假虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是现实，而是一种假设、愿望、疑心或推测。设、愿望、疑心或推测。;一、虚拟语气在一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中非真实条件句中虚拟条件虚拟条件从句从句(If)主主 句句与与现在现在事实相事实相反的假设反的假设与与过去过去事实相事实相反的假设反的假设与与将来将来事实相事实相反的假设反的假设主语主语+did/were主语主语+should / would/could / might + do主语主语+ had done主语主语+ should / would/ could / might + hav

3、e done 主语主语+1.did2.should do3.were to do主语主语+should / would/could / might + do;If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.1.1.假设我是他，我会接受他的建议。假设我是他，我会接受他的建议。3.3.假设明天下雨，我会待在家里。假设明天下雨，我会待在家里。2.2.假设他以前好好学习，假设他以前好好学习， 他会经过考试的。他会经过考试的。If I were you, I would accept his advice.If it rain

4、ed/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.;You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.drove; didnt getdrove; wouldnt getwere driving; wouldnt gethad driven; wouldnt have got;留意：留意：1.错综时间虚拟语气错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的方式要根据它所表示的时一致时，动词的方式要根据它所表示的时

5、间作出相应的调整。间作出相应的调整。If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before, you _(be)a college student now.had followedwould behad studiedwould be;If you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry now.talked; would not behad talked; would not bewould talk; would not behad talked

6、; would not have been;If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so seriously now.is not pollutedwould not be pollutedhad not been pollutedwould not have been polluted;2. if从句中，从句中，were，had完成时态标志，完成时态标志，should可可以放在句首，用于倒装构造，以放在句首，用于倒装构造，if必需省略。否认词必需省略。否认词not不能放在前面。不能放在前面。1.Had

7、 I not seen him then(Hadnt I seen him then), I wouldnt have been very happy.2.If I were you, I would accept his advice.3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should

8、 it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,;_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.Were B. Should C.Would D. Will ;3 3、含蓄虚拟语气、含蓄虚拟语气 有时为了表达的需求，在虚拟语气中，并不总有时为了表达的需求，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现是出现ifif引导的条件句，而经过其它手段来替代引导的条件句，而经过其它手段来替代条件句。条件句。常用的有介词常用的有介词withwith，withoutwithou

9、t，but forbut for倘没有，倘没有，要不是；连词要不是；连词oror，butbut；副词；副词otherwiseotherwise等。等。1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.;2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known

10、 nothing about it.3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.4.What would you do with a million dollars? 5.Without / But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, ;Without electricity, human being life _ quite different today.iswil

11、l bewould have beenwould be;But for his help, I _.should not have succeededhave not succeededdid not succeedhad not succeeded;He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.had scoredscoredwould scorewould have scored;二、虚拟语气的其他用法二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if / as though好似好似+从句从句与如今相反与

12、如今相反 did/were与过去相反与过去相反 had done与未来相反与未来相反 would/could/might+ do He looks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.;留意：假设表示确实有某种能够留意：假设表示确实有某种能够(尤指天气，尤指天气，也可不用虚拟语气。也可不用虚拟语气。Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain .When a pencil is partly i

13、n a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken;2.It is (high / about) time (that) sb did/ sb should不可省略不可省略 + do该是某人做某事的时候了。该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.;Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went

14、D. should be going;3.wish/if only(3.wish/if only(要是要是就好了就好了+ +从句从句 与如今现实相反与如今现实相反 did/were did/were 与过去现实相反与过去现实相反 had done had done或用或用could could have donehave done 与未来现实相反与未来现实相反 could/would/might + could/would/might + dodo I wish (that)he_(visit) us I wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow.tomorrow.I

15、 wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish I wish he_(visit) us he_(visit) us yesterday. yesterday. had visited us/ could have visited us would /could /might visitvisitedIf only you _ listen)to our advice!If only I _ (be)a bird!had listenedwere;4.在在would rather+宾语从句中宾语从句

16、中与如今或未来现实相反与如今或未来现实相反 did/were与过去现实相反与过去现实相反 had done即：即：would rather sb did/ had doneI would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth.camehadnt told;5.用于表示用于表示建议建议advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend命令命令(order/ command)要求要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)坚持要求坚持要求(

17、insist) 等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：sb should+ do1.I suggested that he (should) go there at once. (宾宾语从句语从句)2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.3.I made a suggestion that he-(同位语从句同位语从句)4.It is suggested that he-(主语从句主语从句)5.My suggestion was that he-(表语从句表语从句);The officer gave the or

18、der that nothing _ until the people arrived. A. didnt touch B. touched C. be touched D. touch;留意：留意：suggest:阐明，暗示阐明，暗示 陈说语气陈说语气 建议建议 虚拟语气虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _be)ill and that she _(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，坚持以为：坚持说，坚持以为 陈说语气陈说语气 坚持主张，坚持要求坚持主张，坚持要求 虚拟语气虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal) the money and insisted that he _(set) free.was(should) be