MULTIPLECHOICE.Choosetheonealternativethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.2

1、Exam Name_ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) What does ethnicity mean?1) A) identification with and feeling part of two or more groups in a plural society B) identification with and feeling part of a biologically racial group C)

2、 identification with your neighbors in a multicultural society D) identification with the cultural values of the dominant culture E)identification with and feeling part of a cultural group and exclusion from other cultural groups 2) An ascribedstatus is a status that2) A) you earn, as when a success

3、ful law student becomes a lawyer. B) you choose for yourself. C) is based on standardized test scores. D) has a position of dominance in society; for example, that of a king. E)people have little or no choice about occupying. 3) Race, like ethnicity in general, is3) A) poorly understood by geneticis

4、ts and is therefore considered a cultural category. B) a biological reality as much as a cultural one. C) used by social scientists to classify humans based on their genes and shared blood. D) a meaningless concept to people living day to day. E)a cultural category rather than a biological reality.

5、4) Which of the following statements about purported attempts to assign humans to discrete racial categories based on common ancestry is true? A) They are a recent phenomenon brought on by globalization. B) They are based on global racial categories that vary little among societies. C) They are cult

6、urally arbitrary, even though most people assume them to be based in biology. D) They are applied to endogamous breeding populations. E)They are based on genotypic rather than phenotypic characteristics. 1 4) 5) Traditional racial classification assumed that biological characteristics such as skin c

7、olor were determined by heredity and remain stable over many generations. We now know that A) a biological similarity such as skin color is always the result of both a common ancestry and natural selection. B) skin color is determined by sun exposure and the amount of melanin in our diets. C) a biol

8、ogical similarity such as skin color is also the result of natural selection working among different populations that face similar environmental challenges. D) skin color is actually determined throughout child development. E)skin color is determined by a single gene that is prone to mutations over

9、many generations. 5) 6) Which of the following is a reason why dark skin color is adaptive?6) A) dietary adaptation B) malarial resistance C) reducing the frequency of rickets D) preventing the destruction of folate E)admission of UV rays 7) In which of the following categories should the concept of

10、 race be placed?7) A) cultural B) imaginary C) biological D) genetic E)scientific 8) In Japan, the burakumin8) A) constitute a numerical majority in Japan. B) are the cream of Japan's racial categories, having the purest blood. C) no longer face discrimination. D) are perceived as pure Japanese,

11、 even if one of their parents is not Japanese. E)are stigmatized despite being genetically indistinguishable from other Japanese. 9) What term formerly referred to a culture that shared a single language, religion, history, territory, ancestry, and kinship? A) monoculture B) society C) country D) ho

12、meland E)nation 2 9) 10) According to Fredrik Barth's theories about ethnic identity, ethnic boundaries are most stable when A) the members of the ethnic groups are highly educated, as with postcolonial states. B) ethnic groups occupy different ecological niches. C) ethnic groups share the same

13、nation-state. D) ethnic groups share a common ancestor. E)ethnic groups are culturally very similar and tend to pursue the same goals. TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 11) An achieved status is not automatic. It comes through choices,

14、actions, efforts, talents, or accomplishments; and it is always perceived as positive by a society. 10) 11) 12) When one's ethnic identity is flexible and situational, it can become an achieved status. 12) 13) Biological races have been scientifically discredited not just among humans but also a

15、mong all living species. 14) Biologists have rejected the idea of three great raceswhite, black, and yellow largely because it fails to account for Native Americans. 15) The only chance for human racial classification schemes to work is to shift from using phenotypic to genotypic characteristics of

16、human populations. 13) 14) 15) 16) Phenotypic similarities and differences always have a genetic basis.16) 17) The role of natural selection in producing variation in human skin color illustrates the explanatory approach to understanding human biological diversity. 18) Hypodescent in the United States automatically determines the race of a child whose parents belong to different racial groups. 17) 18) 19) The term hypodescent refers to individuals who are racially pure.19) 20) The U.S