状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用上课讲义

1、精品文档状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用When in Rome do as the Roma ns do.入乡随俗。If a thing is worth doing, it' s worth doir值得一做的事都值得做好。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成(where there is life, there is hope )留得青山在，不怕没柴烧All things are difficult before they are easy.万事开头难。种类连接词注意区别：时间 状语whe n/while/as/before/a

2、fter/until/til l /as soon as/hardlywhen/no soonerthan/名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句：the minute, the moment, every time, the first time/i nsta ntly/directly /immediately/by the timeas 和 when、while:when引导短暂性动作的动词。as （一边一边）引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动 作同时发生；“随着”，while指在某一段时间里，在期间，while引导的动 作必须是持续性的。till/until 和 nottill/until

3、:Un til可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。地点 状语where/whereverwhere，表示某一个地方；wherever，表示任何一个地方。原因 状语because/as/si nce/now that/forbecause和 since、for、as、now that：because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前 面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接 原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 Si nee/nowthat都表示既然now

4、 that 一疋要是现在发生的，since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。条件 状语if/unl ess/on ce/incase/as long as/oncon diti on that多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况， 就用一般现在 时，如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。目的 状语(so) that,/inorder that/for fear that/incase/lestso that 禾口 in order that 后常接 may, should, could, would 等 情态动词结果状语so that, such thatsuch是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，

5、so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词ma ny,few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。比较 状语than/as as not so/as as/themore the more方式 状语as if, as though, as, (just)asas if和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。让步 状语though / although / even if / eve n though/ as / while , no matter what / who / which / how / when, whatever / whoever / whi

6、chever / however / whe neveras在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序，可和 yet连用，但不可和 but连用近年咼考题荟萃1. She had just fini shed her homeworkher mother asked her to practice play ing the pia noyesterday.A. whe nB. whileC. afterD. since2. My pare nts don't mind what job I doI am happy.A. even thoughB. as so

7、on asC. as long asD. as though3. You can ' t borrow books from the school libraryyou geo yr student card.A. beforeB. ifC. whileD. as4. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. |A. asB. ifC. thoughD. unl ess5. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone lo

8、cal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan forone ni ght.A. ifB. whe nC. whichD. since6. unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. BeforeB. WhereC. Un lessD. Un til7.1 ' m sorry you' ve been waiting so long it' ll still be some time _ Brian gets

9、 back.A. beforeB. sinceC. tillD. after8. we ll have a pic nic in the park this Sun day it rains or it' s very cold.A. sinceB. ifC. unl essD. un til9. in the fields on a March after noon , he could feel the warmth of spri ng.A . To walkB . WalkingC. WalkedD . Having walked10. You' d better no

10、t leave the medicin kids can get at it.A. even if B. whichC. whereD. so that11.1 won ' t call yousomething unexpected happens.A. unl essB. whetherC. becauseD. while12. Where' that report?I brought it to you you were in Mr. Black ' s office yesterday.A. ifB. whe nC. becauseD. before13. Mo

11、st birds find it safe to sleep in the trees , butthey have eggs or young chicks , theydon ' t use a nest.A. why B. howC. unl essD. where14. when has the country been open to international trade? 1978, I suppose.A. SinceB. InC. FromD. After15. My parents live in a small village. They always keep

12、candles in the house there isa power out.A. ifB. unl essC. in caseD. so that16. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice , they knew it to be valuable.A. as ifB. now thatC. eve n thoughD. so that17. I really don ' t liKeiairtd his work impressive.A. AsB. SinceC. IfD. While18you ' ve trie

13、d jt you can ' t imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unl essB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When19. If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own , please do as theRoma ns do.A. i n whichB. whatC. whe nD. where20. In time of serious accidents , we know some basic things about first aid , we

14、cansave lives.A. whether B. untilC. ifD. uni ess21. How can you expect to learn anythingyou never listen ? A. in case B. evenifC. uni ess D. whe nthere is huma n sufferi ng.22.ln peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help精品文档A. whoever B. however23. This is a very interesting book. IA. how m

15、uch may it costC. however much it may costC. whateverD. wherever,'ll buy it .B. no matter how it may costD. how may it cost24. I ' d like to arrive 20 minutes earlyI can have time for a cup of tea.A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in case D. so that25. He tried his best to solve the problem , di

16、fficult it was.A. however B. no matterC. whateverD. although四、状语从句写作优化1.以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于after/before+do ing sth .作状语。例：After she sang,she left the rich man's house . = After singing ,she left the rich man's house . 翻译：大学毕业之后，他到国外深造。2. 以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于o

17、n+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例： Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village .=Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village . 翻译：警察赶到事故现场立即将伤者送往医院3. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例: She stopped when she saw her husband = She

18、stopped to see her husbandIf you want to understand the farmers , you must go to the countryside . =, you must go to the countryside .4. 结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语； 若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例: He was so tied that he could n't go any further . = He was too tied to go any further .I ca

19、me here so that I could ask some questi ons. = I came heresome questi ons.5. 以when, while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于 when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的 进行过程之中。例: When he turned on the radio , he found it broken . = When turning on the radio , he found it broken .While she was w

20、alking along the street , she was hit by a car.=, she was hit by a car.6. 原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例： Since l didn't know Chinese ， I tried to speak to her in English = ， I tried to speak to her in English 注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可， 但一般应加逗号。例： As he was thirsty and eager to get

21、 a little rest ， he went into the tea-house= ， he went into the tea-house7. 在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合 结构作状语。有时也可简化为 “with/without 名词或代词十分词 （短语 ） ”形式作状语。例： When the film start appeared, the children got exited = The film start appearing， the children got exited If all the work is done, yo

22、u can have a rest = ， you can have a restNothing can live if there is no air 8. 让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为 with 或 in spite of 介词短语作状语。例： Although he faced his death ，he didn't say anything before the enemy = ， he didn't say anything before the enemy.Although there was danger ，he

23、 rushed out to carry the boy to safety = ， he rushed out to carry the boy to safety 9. 表示"一就"的结构hardly/scarcely when/before, no sooner than 禾口 as soon as 都可以表示 "一就"的 意思，注意：如果 hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：例： I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.= （

24、倒装）I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.= （倒装）五. As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：1形容词+as+主语+系动词：例： Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。2过去分词+as+主语+系动词：例： Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 尽管这本书 写得很好 ,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。3. 名词+as+主语+系动词：例： Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，但却不努力学习。4. 副词+as+主语+谓语部分：例： Much as I admire his courage, I don 't think he acted wisely. 我虽然钦佩他的勇气， 但我 认为他这样做是不