主谓一致复习学案

1、中考英语第二轮复习专项训练-主谓一致复习主备人：公衍美审核：初四英语备课组【考点指导】：1考查以学科名词以及时间、长度、价格等的短语作为主语时的主谓一致。2、考查以带有with，together with，except等词的短语作为主语时的主谓一致。3、 考查就近原则的运用，如在 There be, neithernor, either中0or【考点梳理】主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则： 语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则。一、语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语用 复数形式。1. 由and或bothand连接的两个

2、或三个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但 and所 连接的两个主语是同一个人或事物（后面无冠词）时，谓语动词用单数。Both Lucy and Lilystude nts.The writer and teacheris comi ng.那位作家兼教师来了。（作家和教师指同一个人）The writer and the teacher comi ng. 作家和老师来了。（作家和老师是两个人）The shoesmine.A pair of shoes o n the floor.7.可数名词单数，不可数名词，动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。To see is to believe.眼

3、见为实Doi ng eye exercisesgoodyour eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。自我检测(1) Eati ng too muchbad for your health.(be)(2) The boy with the two dogssleep ing whe n the earthquake took place. (be)(3) Some onetaken away my umbrella by mistake. (have)(4) Therea nu mber of books on scie nee and the nu mber of themgrow i

4、ng larger andlarger. (be) (10 年.四川)(5) This pair of glasses lpretty on you.二. 意义一致原则：指主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。1. 表示时间，金钱，距离，价格，长度的复数名词或词组作主语时，通常被看作一个整体， 谓语一般用单数。Three daystoo long for us to wait.Four dollarseno ugh for a pen. (10 年.芜湖)2.不定代词 either, neither, everybody, everyone, everything, somebody,

5、someone, something,.集体名词 family, class group, team等作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若anybody, anything, anyone, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数。Somethi ng rongmy bike.我的自行车坏了。Every onefor the final exam.每个人都在为期末考试做准备。3. every，each, every and, each dieach of.做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Every stude nt has an MP5.Each boy an

6、d each girlwas give n a book.4. 当主语后面有 with，except ,together with besides, but, including, like （像）等介词或介 词短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语一致。Mike with his fatherbeen to En gla nd.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike and his fatherbeen to En gla nd.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。5. A number of +名词复数，表示 许多” 作主语时谓语动词用 复数形式。The number of +名词复数，表示“的数量”作主语时谓语

7、动词用 单数形式The nu mber of the students50. And a nu mber of studentsstudy ing.6. 某些只有复数形式的名词（clothes, shoes, trousers, glasses, gloves手套），shorts, pants 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是a/this/that pair of+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用 单数;pairs of+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数。指集体中的成员时，谓语动词复数形式。His familyall very ki nd and frien dly. His familya

8、happy one.3. 集合名词people；人们）,police（警察）等表示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。有些名词如news, means （方式），physics等以-s结尾，作主语时谓语动词用 单数形式。The policealreadythe thief.警察抓住了那个贼。Therea lot of news n today ' s newspaper.4. 在分数或百分数+ of”结构或Half of.结构中，谓语动词取决于 of后面的名词，名词 是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式；名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。of the stude ntsboys.三

9、分之二的学生是男生。the moneyfrom the gover nment. 半的钱来自政府。5. the+形容词（poor, rich, old, you ng） ”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式.“ the姓氏的 复数形式”表示 姓的一家人”看成复数，谓语动词用复数形式。Thevery happy, but thesad穷人很开心，但是富人很伤心。The Gree nsvery friendlyme.格林一家人对我很友好。自我检测（1） Two mon thsquite a long time. （be）（2） Class Fourtaking their lessons now.

10、They are all listening to the teacher carefully.（3）Physicsone of my favorite subjects.（be）三. 就近原则：指谓语动词的单复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。1. There be, Here be句型中，be动词与最近的主语保持一致.Therea pen, two books and some flowers on the desk.Heresome photos of my family.2. 当eitheror（或者或者），neitherno（既不 也不 ），not only buaisc） （不但而且）

11、，notbut.（不是而是）或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语用就近原则。Iheto a foreig n coun try.（1年 重庆） 我和他都没去过国外。 my pare ntsIlooki ng forward to my.不仅我父母而且我都期待我的成功。自我检测（1）Theresome old people taking a walk in the park.（2） Neither you nor Tom eswimming.（3）Either Jim or Samgoing to help us this after noon.【技巧点拨】中考主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。

12、考查主谓一致的常见题型 有单项选择，完型填空，单词拼写，短文填空，翻译句子等。做这类题时，必须找出句子 的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一 致和就近原则。【巩固练习】一、单词拼写1. He plays pieces of music, and each of them sbeautiful.2. Both of the twins are tired, but neither of them sto have a rest.3. How time flies! Ten years hpassed.4. Nobody but Jane kthe sec

13、ret.5. Both Lily and Lucy was ito the party yesterday.二、单项选择1. The Gree nsChi na for five years.A. has been inB. has been to C. have been in D. have been to2. Paperfirst inven ted in Chi na. A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Liste n! Some birdsin the tree.A. is singingB. sings C. singing D. are singing4

14、. The oldtake n good care of in Chi na. A. areB. is C. was D. have5. The mother with her little sonat my homethat snowy ni ght.A. were; at B. was; at C. were; on D. was; on6. Two dayseno ugh for me to fin ish the work, I n eed a third day. （09 年四 川）A. is n ' t B. isC. aren't D. are7. Atte nt

15、i on, please. Therea football game betwee n Chi na and Korea this eve ning.09 淄博）A. is going to be B. has bee nC. has D. will have8. Not only his parents but also he watching sports programs.（10 年淄博）A. like B. likes C. don ' t like not like三、完成句子1. 学生和老师都没看过这部电影。the studentsthe teachersee n the

16、film.2. 我的茶杯里没有水 .water in my cup.3. 我们家正在一起度周末.Our familythe weekend together.4. 去年有许多树被砍伐。.of the treescut dow n last year.四、短文填空Take a class at Dulangkou School, and you ' ll see lots of things d from other schools.You can see the desks are not in rows and stude nts sit in groups. They put th

17、eir desks together so they ' facing each o2. How can they see the blackboard? There a _3threeblackboards on the three walls of the classroom!The school calls the new way of learning“ Tuantuanzuo ” , meaning sittinglin_. WeiLiying, a Junior 3 teacher, said it was to give stude nts more cha nce to com muni cate.Each group h_5five or six stude nts, and they play differe nt roles （角色）.There is ateam leader who t care of the whde group. There is a“ study leader ” who makes surethat every