2019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练(2)(含解析)

1、2019 高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练（2）李仕才AEveryone knows that death is n atural, but do you have any idea of the processof dying? Moder n scie ntists divide the process of dying into two stagestemporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs,un cha ngeable and fin al.biological death

2、.mon key called Keta. The scie ntist put Keta to sleep with a n arcotic. The n they surr oun ded her bodywith ice-bags and bega n check ing her body temperature. Whe n it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists bega n tak ing blood out from an artery （脉）.The mon key s blood pressure decreased and a

3、n hour later breathingstopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in thisstate. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumpedblood into an artery inthe directio n of the heart and started artificial breath ing.Aftertwo minutes Keta s heart became act

4、ive once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous （自发的）breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted herhead. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin （青霉素）injection, Keta seized the syringe （注射器）and ran with it around the room._ Herbehavior differe

5、d little from that of a healthy an imal.1._For a pers on who suffers from the cli nicaldeath_ .A. he is still verymuch aliveclinical orsuch as the heart orlungs, have stopped functioning, but havenotsufferedamage. The organismcan still be saved. Biological death occurswhe n cha nges intheorga nism l

6、ead to thebreaking up ” of vital cells and tissues. Death is the nScien tistshavebeen seeking a way to prolong the periodofclinicaldeath so thatthe orga nism can rema in alivebefore biological death occurs.The best method developedso far involvescooling theorganism,combined with narcotic（麻醉）sleep. B

7、y slowingdown the body s metabolism （ 新陈代谢） ,cooli ng delays the processes leadi ng toTo show how this works, scientistsperformed an experiment on a six-year-oldfemaleboth the heart and102B. he cannot avoid final deathC. his most importa nt orga ns are damaged foreverD. he still has the possibility

8、of getting back to life2.Scie ntists try to make the time of cli nical death Ion ger in order to_ .A. cool the orga nismB. delay the coming of biological deathC. slowdow n thebodysmetabolismD. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life3._ The text main ly talks about.A. cli nical death and bi

9、ological deathB.a n experime nt on a mon keyC. the mea ning of deathD. the process before death4._ From the un derl ined sentence inthe last paragraph we can know that_A. Keta was impoliteD. Keta was crazy【文章大意】 本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来,1.D【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“ Clinicalsuch as the heart or lun gs, have stop

10、ped functioning, but have not sufferedperma nent damage. The organism can still be saved”可知，一个临床死亡的人还有可能活过来，故选 Do2.B解析】细节理解题由文童第二段苜句Scientists have twen seeking a way to piclong the period of dinicaldcatli so that flw oiganisni can femain alive before biological death occurs 一词知丿科学家延长临床死亡的时 间，为了延迟生理

11、死亡的到来，故选 B。3. A【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出了人类死亡的两个阶段：临床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科学家们想办法延长临床死亡；第三段通过用猴子做实验来验证延长临床死亡的方法，故本文主要论述了临床死亡和生理死亡，选A 项。4. B【解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一句“Her behavior differed little from that ofa healthy animal.（她的行为无异于健康动物的行为），可推知划线部分句子说明Keta是健康的，故选 B 项。（2015 大连高三双基测试）B. Keta was healthyC. Keta was ill科学家尽量延长

12、临床死亡的时间。death occurs when the vital organs,3Griffith Observatory ( 天文台 ) is a national leader in public astronomy， and oneof the most popular attractions in Los Angeles.It is located on the southern slope ( 山坡 ) of Mount Hollywood in GriffithPark at 1,134 feet above sea level.Visitors may drive to t

13、he observatory and park in its parking lot or on nearbyroads.No reservation ( 预订 ) is required to visit.Parking is limited ， and the busiest time is weekends.Buses ，taxis ，and car pools are welcome.LADOTprovides weekend public bus service from the Sunset/Vermont Metro Red LineStation.Griffith Observ

14、atory is open six days a week.Admission and parking are free.Hours of OperationTuesday Friday12 noon 10 p m.Saturday Sunday 10 a m.10 p m.Monday ClosedThanksgiving Day and Christmas Day ClosedSamuel Oschin PlanetariumThe Samuel Oschin Planetarium theater offers 8 to 10 live ，half-hourpresentationsea

15、ch day.There are usually four different shows from which to choose.Shows are presented every 60 to 90 minutes.Check the website ， information desks ， or the box office for eachday s show time.Being seated late is not permitted.Samuel Oschin Planetarium tickets must be purchased at the observatory an

16、d areonly available on the day of the show.The ticket prices for shows are ：Adults (13 59 years old)$7.00Children (512 years old) $3.00Seniors (60 years old and older) $5.00104Students $5.00Children under 5 years old will be admitted only to the first show each day.Hearing assist devices are availab

17、le on request.Public TelescopesFree public telescopes are available each evening； the observatory is open andskies are clear.The Zeiss telescope on the roof is generally open by 7 pm.All observing must be completed by 9：45 pm.【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文， 文章主要介绍了美国的著名景点格里菲斯天文台的相 关信息。1 What can we learn about Gri

18、ffith Observatory according to the passage?A It is open all the year around.B It is mostly visited at weekends.C It becomes famous because of Hollywood.D It is the most attractive place in Los Angeles.解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的and the busiest time is weekends ” 可知，周末是格里菲斯天文台最繁忙的时间，故选B 项。2 Which of the f

19、ollowing best describes the Samuel Oschin Planetarium theater?A Hearing assist devices are provided to seniors.B The shows there generally last 60 to 90 minutes.C Visitors are required to be seated before the show starts.D The tickets for the shows can be bought through the website.解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据 S

20、amuel Oschin Planetarium 下的Being seated late is not permitted. ”可知，每场剧开场之前，要提前入场就座，迟到了就不能进剧场了。即C项正确。53 To watch the show ， a young couple with a 7-year-old son should pay _ .A $13.00B $15.00C $17.00D $20.00解析：选 C。推理判断题。根据文章所提供的票价Adults(13 59 yearsold)$7.00 ”“ Children(5 12 years old)$3.00”可知，一对夫妇和一个

21、7 岁男孩共需要 176美元，故选 C 项。Which of the followi ng is charged?解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据文章中的Admission and parki ng are free. Free”和“ Hearing assist devices are available onrequest.可知，A、B、C 项都是免费的，根据 Samuel Oschin Planetarium 下的The ticketprices for shows are”可知，观看表演要收费，故选D 项。CChinese writerMoYan s Nobel Prize for Li

22、terature might ignite an explosion of globalin terest in Chin ese literature and lead to more titles tran slated into En glish,Europea n experts say.“ Hopefully , the award means more people will read Chinese literature and more works will gettranslated ，” says Michel Hockx , professor of the Langua

23、ges and Cultures of China and Inner Asiafrom Uni versity of London.“ Many very good Chin ese writershave bee n accepted globally for a long time already.Mo Yan is probably the most translated Chinesewriter alive, with at least five of his novels made available inEn glish over the past 20 years. ”Jon

24、 atha n Rupp in , web editor of bookseller Foyles , says Md s win coin cides with grow ing interest inChinese literature and recognizes the talents of a distinctive andvisionary (富于幻想的)writer. “We are very excited by thefact that Englishtran slati ons of more of his books should now become available

25、，” Rupp insays.He made the comment after Mo became the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize for Literaturein its cen tury-lo ng history.As East-West culturalexchange has been booming , Chinese literature has beenattracting growingattention in recent years.Hockxexplains , It s mainly becauset

26、here are many more opportunities for Chinese writers to visit other countries, toA.Parking.B. Telescopes.C. Heari ng assist devices.D. Watching presentations.public telescopes are availableold)$7.00 ”“ Children(5 12 years old)$3.00”可知，一对夫妇和一个7 岁男孩共需要 177publish their works outside Chi na and to in t

27、eract with readers abroad.At the same time , more and morepeople globally are learning Chinese and taking an interestin the Chinese108Ian guage and culture.Universityof Oxford lecturer in modern Chinese literature Margaret Hillenbrand says ,“The ob vious reason for the growing global presenee of Chi

28、nese literature is thegrow ing global prese nee of China itself.People have come to realize that thereisa serious knowledge deficit （缺少）between China and its internationaleoun terparts in particular , China knows in comparably more about Europe and America than theother way round and reading Chinese

29、 literature is an effective , simple means of solvi ng that gap. ”1.The underlined word_“ignite ” inParagraph 1 probably means “_A. start outB. burn upC. set offD. appeal to2._ Chinese literaturehas been attracting growing attention mainly because_.A. Chinese writers have been writing more and more

30、books in EnglishB. the Chinese Ianguage has become the most widely used Ianguage in the worldC. the Chinese government attaches great importanee to literatureD. the cultural communication between China and western countries has developed3.Which of the followingis true according to the passage? A. Ch

31、ineseliterature has spread with the developme nt of China.B. The Nobel Prize for Literature has a history of hundreds of years.C. In the past , no Chinese writers were accepted outside China.D. Foreigners know abou t China mainly by reading Mo Yan s works.4. How do you understand the underlined part

32、 in the last paragraph?A. China knows more about Europe and America than before. B. China knows more aboutEurope and America tha n they know about China.C.China , Europe and America know one another more than before.D. Compared with America , China knows more about Europe.【参考答案】语篇解读中国作家莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖激起了

33、全球对中国文学的兴趣，更多的中国作品被译成英语。这是中国在全球的影响力不断加大的结果。1.解析： 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，此处表示“中国作家莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖激起了9全球对中国文学的兴趣”，故 ignite 与 set off 同义，表示“引发，激起”。答案： C2.解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“ As East-West cultural excha nge has beenbooming , Chinese literature has been attractinggrowing attentionin recent years. ”可知，正是东西方文化交流的繁荣才使得中国

34、文学受到越来越多的关注。答案： D3.解析：正误判断题。根据最后一段中的The obvious reason for the growi ng globalprese nee of Chin ese literature is the grow ing global prese nee of China itself.”可知，是中国在全球的影响力，即中国的发展使得中国文学能在世界范围内得以传播。答案： A4.解析：句意理解题。根据画线部分的前后句可知，此处表示“中国对欧美了解甚多而欧美则相反，对中国了解偏少”。 the other way rou nd 意为“相反地”。答案： B.D（2015

35、 广西柳州 3 月模拟）It is 7 am and the alarm is going off.You know you have to be out of bed to eatehthe bus.But the urge to bury yourself in the bed is ever so stron g.So unds familiar?Whyis it that tee ns find it difficult to get themselves out of bed in time every morning or stay sharp andfocused during

36、the first couple of hours of school?During adolesce nee , the body goes through many cha nges and these in clude a shift in sleeppatterns.Researchersfrom MIT have been tracking the body s need for sleepin tee nagers.They found that though adolesce nts n eed as much as 9.5 hours of sleep a day, they

37、get tobed later and later with each passing yearn fact , the sleep cycle shifts later by as much as 12 to 18 minutes each year betwee n the ages of 10 and 20 !So by the time a 10-year-old who sleeps at 8 pm grows to be 17 or 18, his body naturally wants to stay uptill 10: 30 pm or 11 pm.According to

38、 researchers, this is because of a hormone called melatonin （褪黑1010激素）that is secreted （ 分泌）by the pin eal gla nd a tiny structure deep in side thebrain. Melat onin regulates the bodys n atural day-ni ght rhythms .It causes a pers on to become sleepyby loweri ng his body score temperature .In tee ns

39、,melat onin issecreted much later in the eve ning and continues to in crease throughout the ni ght.This makes it difficultfor tee ns to fall asleep earlier as they did in their youn ger years.Likewise ， the effect of melatonincontinues until much later in the morning making it hard for them to wake

40、up early.A study found that at least one in four teens is tired and falls asleep in school at least once aweek.During sleep， important body functions and brain activitieshappen.So how can teenagers get their sleep enough? The American Academyof Pediatrics (AAP)recommends that middle and high schools

41、 should start later not before 8 ：30am.This should give teens some more time to sleep at night.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。 早睡才能早起，晚睡会导致早上赖床， 睡觉周期的改 变实际上受制于大脑中一种被称为褪黑激素的荷尔蒙。1From Paragraph 2，we can learn that if you sleep late ，the next day you shouldA stay sharpB skip breakfastC get up lateD stay up late解析：选 C

42、o 细节理解题。文章第一段提到为什么孩子们早上不愿起床，第二段紧接着分 析原因，说明孩子们睡觉晚是他们早上赖床的原因，即C 项正确。2 What does the u nderlined word“this ” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A The students want to stay up.B The shifts of the sleep cycle.C The pineal gland secretes melatonin.D The adolescents sleep late.11解析：选 B。代词指代题。第二段提到了睡觉周期的改变，第三段紧接着解释造成这

43、一现 象的原因，因此 this 指睡觉周期的改变，即B 项正确。3 The teens go to sleep later than before because _.A melatonin is secreted much laterB melatonin regulates the sleep timeC they sleep a lot in the daytimeD they need to finish their homework解析：选 A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的In teens , melatonin is secreted much late r in theeven

44、ing and continues to increase throughout the night.”可知，孩子们睡觉晚是由褪黑激素分泌晚造成的，即A 项正确。4According to AAP s recommendation ， middle and high schools should _ .A let teens sleep in the dayB let the students be activeC delay the start timeD start later at 8 am解析：选 G 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，AAP 建议初中和高中上午上课的时间

45、应该推迟，即C 项正确。EMarie Curie,born in Sklodovka,Poland in 1867,led a hard life as a girl.Her parents,both teachers,hadlow salariesand were quite poor,especially after her motherstopped teaching to raise five childrenand take care of her poor health.Marie s mothersuffered from tuberculosis（ 肺结核 ）and died

46、of it when Marie was ten.When Marie was small,she showed great interest in science.She loved to study and hoped tobecome a scientist when she grew up.Her parents encouraged her interest in science.Excellent as shewas in her studies,she couldn t go on with the advanced1012education she needed because Poland was then ruled by Russia and women were not permitted to go tocollege.In order to continue her education,s