2021年《软件工程》期中试题解答

1、精品word可编辑资料- - - - - - - - - - - - -软件工程期中试题一、挑选题：1. the waterfall model of software development is also known as the aa. classical life cycle modelb. fountain modelc. spiral modeld. chaos model2. the incremental model of software development is ba. a reasonable approach when requirements are well d

2、efined.b. a good approach when a working core product is required quickly.c. the best approach to use for projects with large development teams.d. a revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.3. cocomioiisan example of a suiteof modern empiricalestimationmodels that require sizing

3、information expressed as da. functionpointsb.linesofcodec.applicationpointsd.any of the above4. an effectiveriskmanagement planwillneed to addresswhich of the following issues da. risk avoidanceb. risk monitoringc. contingency planningd. all of the above5. the relationships shown in a data model mus

4、t be classified to show their ca. width and depthb. directionality and reliabilityc. cardinality and modalityd. probability and risk6. thedatadictionarycontainsdescriptionsofeachsoftware ba. configuration itemb. data objectc. diagramd. notation第 15 页，共 15 页- - - - - - - - - -7. the state transition

5、diagram aa. indicates system reactions to external eventsb. depicts relationships between data objectsc. depicts functions that transform the data flowd. indicates how data are transformed by the system8. which of the following is not an area of concern in the design model da. architectureb.datac.in

6、terfacesd.projectscope9. a program design language pdl is often a aa. combination of programming constructs and narrative textb. legitimate programming language in its own rightc. machine readable software development languaged. useful way to represent software architecture10. what types of errors a

7、re missed by black-box testing and can be uncovered by white-box testing ba. behavioral errorsb. subtle logic errorsc. performance errorsd. input error11. to achieve high modularity of software components you needca. high coupling and high cohesionb. high coupling and low cohesionc. low coupling and

8、 high cohesiond. low coupling and low cohesion12. which of the following is not an objective for building an analysis model ca. define set of software requirementsb. describe customer requirementsc. develop an abbreviated solution for the problemd. establish basis for software design 13下图所示的软件模块结构图，

9、该软件的宽度为（）；da 1b 3c 5d 6 14面对对象的软件工程中，识别主类主要靠（）；aa体会 b技巧 c启示式规章d面对对象分析理论15用例图是（）；d a系统特定行为的描述 b系统行为之间交互的描述c系统和外部实体交互的描述d系统特定行为和外部实体以及和其他行为交互的描述二、简答题：1. what are the differences between generic software product development and custom software developmenta： the essentialdifferenceisthatingenericsoftwar

10、eproductdevelopment,the specificationisowned by the productdeveloper.for custom productdevelopment, the specification is owned by the customer. of course, there may be differencesin development processes but this is not necessarily the case.2. what are the fourimportantattributeswhich allsoftwarepro

11、ductsshouldhave a： for important attributes are maintainability, dependability, efficiency andusability.3a softwarearchitecturedescribesa high-leveldesignview of a softwaresystem.what are theadvantagesofexplicitlydescribingthearchitectureindependentlyfrom the implementation参考答案（不够精确）：the architectur

12、e may have to be designed before specifications are written to provide a means of structuring the specificationand developing different sub-system specifications concurrently, to allow manufacture of hardware by sub-contractors and to provide a model for system costing.4. explain why it is important

13、 to produce an overall description of a system architecture at an early stage in the system specification process.a：an overallarchitecturaldescriptionshouldbe produced to identifysub-systems making up the system. once these have been identified, they may be specified inparallel with other systems an

14、d the interfaces between sub-systems defined.5. requirementsshouldstatewhat a system shoulddo, withoutstatinghow itshould do it. why is this distinction useful6. define black box and white box testing. what are the advantages of each approach why are both necessary7. full path coverage testing requi

15、res that every possible path through the code be tested at least once. why is full path coverage testing desirable for the code fragment above, how many test cases would be needed for full path coverage whymight full path coverage be impossible to achieve for some programs8. why is software maintena

16、nce difficult why is it necessary9. if you want develop an interactive system that allows railway passengers to find train times from terminals installed in stations, which generic softwareprocess model that more suitable to management the development process and why a： interactive timetablesystem w

17、ith a complex user interface but which must be stable and reliable. should be based on throw-away prototyping to findrequirements then either incremental development or waterfall model.10. describe four types of non-functional requirements that may be placed on a system. give examples of each of the

18、se types of requirement.a： there are many possibilities here. some suggestions are shown in figure .non-functionaldescriptiondescriptionrequirementperformanceperformance requirementsthe system must processatsetleast 150out limits to thetransactions per second.performancethe maximumresponsetimeexpect

19、ed of the system.for any usertheserequest should be 2may be expressed inseconds.differentfigure non-functional requirementsways dependingon the type ofsystem . number of transactions processed persecond, response time to userrequests, etc.implementationdefines specific standards ormethods which must

20、 be used inthe development process for thesystemthe system design must be developed usingan object-oriented approach based on the uml process.the system must be implemented in c+, version .usabilitydefines requirements whichrelateto the usabilityof thesystem by end-users.all operations which are pot

21、entiallydestructive must include an undo facilitywhich allows users toreverse their action. this is an example of afunctional requirement which is associated with a nonfunctional requirementall operations which are potentiallydestructive must behighlighted in red in the system user interface.safetys

22、afety requirements are concerned with the overall safeoperation of the systemthe system must be certified according to health and safety regulations xyz 123.三、综合题1. the followingtableshows theestimatedactivitydurationsand pre-requisites for a project development.activitdescriptiondurationweekstask p

23、re-requisites yt1requirementselicitation4t2analysis & design31t3install hardware21t4design review12t5code & unit test41,2,3,4t6integration test25t7porting software14,6t8documentation26,7t9acceptance test35,6,7t10draw a activityinstall & trainchartto determine2the earliest9week of complet

24、ion,the activitieswhich have some float or slack, and the activities on the critical path. draw a bar chart showing the project schedule.2. 绘制打电话的状态转换图3. 某校教务系统具备以下功能，输入用户id 号及口令后，体会证进入教务治理系统，可进行如下功能的处理：查询成果：查询成果以及从名次表中得到名次信息；学籍治理：依据同学总成果排出名次信息；成果处理：处理单科成果并输入成果表中；就以上系统功能画出0 层， 1 层的 dfd图；教务系统 0 层 dfd

25、 图教务系统 1 层 dfd 图（身份验证处理框对应有一个用户信息的储备，名次表和同学成果表应用储备的表示法）4. 一个自动化图书馆目录的软件系统要被开发；这个系统将要包含图书馆中全部图书的信息，要求该系统对图书治理员、借阅者和读者都可用；该系统应当支持目录浏览、查询，答应用户发送消息给图书治理员预订一本在借图书；识别出系统描述中应考虑的基本视点，并用视点继承图（层次图）来描述它们之间的关系；6版题a： the viewpoints are shown in figure . note that system management . those responsible for install

26、ing and maintaining the computer system are a viewpointaswell as library staff and library users. library users have been separately identified asbrowsersand searchers as theseoperations typicallyrequire different typesofservices.figure viewpoint hierarchy diagram5. develop an objectmodel, including

27、a classhierarchydiagram and an aggregation diagram showing the principal components of a personal computer system and itssystem software.a： there are many possibleorganizationsforthe classhierarchy.i show a simple one in figure with only two levels. a three-level hierarchy would also be okbut more t

28、han that would be too much. the aggregation diagram shows the part-ofrelationships between objects. this is shown in figure . obviously, further decomposition of the lowest level is possible.figure class hierarchy for a pcfig aggregation diagram for a pc6. develop a sequence diagram showing the interactions involved when a student registers for a course in a university. course may have limited enrolment, sothe registration process must include checks that places are available. assume that the student accesses an electronic course catalogue to find out ab