语法基础it的用法实用教案

1、会计学1语法基础语法基础(jch)it的用法的用法第一页，共42页。Talk about the following pictures, using It is no use/good doing sth 做做没有用没有用/不好不好(b ho)It is fun doing sth 做做很有趣很有趣还想跑？甭还想跑？甭想！想！想追我想追我?没门没门！第1页/共42页第二页，共42页。 It is never too old to learn. 活到老活到老, 学到老。学到老。 It is easier to fall than to rise. 摔倒容易摔倒容易(rngy)爬起来难。爬起来难。

2、 It is no use crying over spilt (溢出的溢出的) milk. 覆水难收。覆水难收。 It never rains but it pours(泼水泼水). 不鸣则已不鸣则已, 一鸣惊人。一鸣惊人。Proverbs(谚语谚语(yny) with “It”第2页/共42页第三页，共42页。 It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 创业创业(chungy)容易守业难。容易守业难。 It takes three generations (代代) to make a gentleman. 十年树木

3、十年树木, 百年树人。百年树人。第3页/共42页第四页，共42页。Read and analyze the sentences.It is Friday today.It was very cold last Monday. It is about 8:30 now.It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi.It lies in the south of Shaoguan city.It is 40C ! You got a high fever!Conclusion: it 可以用作非人称可以用作非人称(rnchng)代词代词, 表示表示_,_, _, _

4、, _, _等。等。dateweathertimedistanceplacetemperature 日期日期(rq)天气天气(tinq)时间时间距离距离地点地点温度温度第4页/共42页第五页，共42页。It is obvious that the water was to blame.It is true that he will treat me for breakfast tomorrow.It is certain that our class will do a good job in the final exam.Is it possible that he will become

5、the chairman of our country?It is amazing that at my age I still look like a student!分析分析: it是是 _, 句子真正句子真正(zhnzhng)的主语是的主语是_。Read and analyze the sentences.形式形式(xngsh)主语主语that引导的主语引导的主语(zhy)从句从句第5页/共42页第六页，共42页。牢记以下牢记以下(yxi)常用于该句型的形容常用于该句型的形容词词It is clear/obvious/true/possible/certain/amazing/ridic

6、ulous等等+ that从句从句.思考思考: 为什么要用为什么要用it做形式主语而把真正做形式主语而把真正主语放到后面去主语放到后面去?遵循英语遵循英语(yn y)语言的尾重原则语言的尾重原则, 避免句子避免句子头重脚轻。头重脚轻。第6页/共42页第七页，共42页。The use of “it”一、一、 用作人称代词用作人称代词(dic), 代表前面提到的人或代表前面提到的人或事物事物1) Whos it? _ me.2) Look at the picture. _ is a picture of our school.ItsIt二、用于代替指示二、用于代替指示(zhsh)代词代词this

7、 和和that。-Is this jacket yours?-Yes, _ is.it第7页/共42页第八页，共42页。三、用以表示时间、距离、天气三、用以表示时间、距离、天气(tinq)、气候、气候、 季节、环境等季节、环境等1)It is half past eight now.2) Its only half an hours walk from here to our school.3) I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.4) It has rained much this year.5) Its spring now.6) Its quiet

8、here.TimeDistanceWeatherWeatherSeasonCircumstance第8页/共42页第九页，共42页。替代作主语的从句、动词替代作主语的从句、动词(dngc)不定不定式、动名词式、动名词, 而把真正作主语的从句、而把真正作主语的从句、动词动词(dngc)不定式、动名词置于句尾不定式、动名词置于句尾。四、四、it 用作形式用作形式(xngsh)主语主语第9页/共42页第十页，共42页。1. 代作主语代作主语(zhy)的动词的动词不定式不定式1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此处此处adj. 通常通常(tngchng)为描述事件的形容

9、词为描述事件的形容词: easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legalIt is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.第10页/共42页第十一页，共42页。2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处此处adj. 通常通常(tngchng)为描述人的形容词为描述人的形容词: kind

10、, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, careful careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.第11页/共42页第十二页，共42页。Its no good/use doingIts (well) worth doingIts (well) worth while doing/ to doIts no use crying over spilt milk.3) It替代作主语替代作主语(zhy)的

11、动名词的常见句型的动名词的常见句型第12页/共42页第十三页，共42页。2. it作形式主语作形式主语(zhy)替代主语替代主语(zhy)从句从句It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain ) that .该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语是形式主语, 真正的主语是真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句, 常译为常译为“清楚清楚(显然显然, 真的真的(zhn de)”, 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。是主语从句最常见的一种结构。e.g. It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tr

12、ee. It is adj. + clause 第13页/共42页第十四页，共42页。It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that . 该句型中的该句型中的it 仍是形式仍是形式(xngsh)主语主语, 真正主语是真正主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句; 该结构常译为该结构常译为“据说据说(据报道据报道, 据悉据悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has

13、 been put into orbit.It is v-ed that=sb./sth. is to do 第14页/共42页第十五页，共42页。 It is + noun + 从句从句(cn j) It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/. ) that . 该句型中该句型中, that后的从句一般后的从句一般(ybn)用虚拟语气用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形动词原形), should可省去。表示可省去。表示出乎意料出乎意料, 常译为常译为“竟然竟然”。没有这种意义时。没有这种意义时, 则不用

14、虚拟语气。如：则不用虚拟语气。如：第15页/共42页第十六页，共42页。It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上这种事竟然发生在你们班上, 真是遗憾真是遗憾(yhn)！It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了他生病了, 真遗憾真遗憾(yhn)！第16页/共42页第十七页，共42页。五、五、it作形式作形式(xngsh)宾语宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时时, 往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用往往把宾语

15、放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作作形式宾语形式宾语, 放在宾语补足语之前。放在宾语补足语之前。 该句型该句型(j xn)中的中的it 作形式宾语作形式宾语, 常用的动词常用的动词有有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。等。 第17页/共42页第十八页，共42页。I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有我认为和他争吵没有(mi yu)用。用。I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。我发现学英语非常有趣。He made it c

16、lear that he was notinterested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。 第18页/共42页第十九页，共42页。六、用于强调六、用于强调(qing dio)句型中句型中It + be+被强调部分被强调部分(b fen) + that/who(a person)从句从句I met Tom in the park yesterday.1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.2) It was Tom who I met in the park yes

17、terday.3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.It was five oclock _ I got home.It was at five oclock _ I got home.whenthat第19页/共42页第二十页，共42页。It is not until + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语, 译成汉语译成汉语(Hny) “直到直到才才”, 可

18、以说是可以说是not . until . 的强调形式。如的强调形式。如: It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.第20页/共4

19、2页第二十一页，共42页。1)It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. (92)A. when, that B. until, when C. until, that D. when, then2) It was not until _ that _ to prepare his lessons. (91)A. did his father come in, the boy beganB. did his father come in, did the boy begi

20、nC. his father came in, did the boy beginD. his father came in, the boy beganCD第21页/共42页第二十二页，共42页。强调句用以强调主语强调句用以强调主语, 宾语宾语, 介词宾语以及介词宾语以及(yj)状语。状语。(强调人时用强调人时用that和和who/whom皆可皆可)It was she who that had been wrong是她错了。是她错了。 ( ) It was the girl whom that I met just now我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。 ( ) It

21、was Tom to whom the teacher had talked老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。 ( ) It was on Monday night that all this happened所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。( )主语主语(zhy)宾语宾语(bny)介词宾语介词宾语状语状语第22页/共42页第二十三页，共42页。七、七、it 常用的固定常用的固定(gdng)搭配搭配 1. make it2. 在口语当中相当于在口语当中相当于succeed, 表示表示: 成功、成功、3. 做到、说定、赶上做到、说定、

22、赶上(n shn)、及时到达、及时到达 如如: 4. Its hard to make it to the top in show business.5. 2) 在口语中相当于在口语中相当于fix the date for, 表示表示6. “约定好时间约定好时间” 如如: 7. Shall we meet next week?8. OK. We just make it next Saturday.第23页/共42页第二十四页，共42页。2. take it/things easy 相当于相当于Dont worry or dont hurry. 用来劝告用来劝告别人别人(birn), 表示表示

23、“不要慌不要慌, 别担心别担心, 沉住气沉住气”Take it easy！He will do it well.3. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中在口语中, 相当于相当于it hasnt been decided yet, 表示表示“那那得看情况得看情况, 还没有定下来还没有定下来”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.第24页/共42页第二十五页，共42页。4. Its up to sb. 在口语中在口语中, 相当于相当于its decided by sb.

24、 表示表示(biosh)“由由决定决定, 由由负责负责, 取决于取决于” Shall we go out for dinner？ Its up to you.第25页/共42页第二十六页，共42页。高考链接高考链接(lin ji)1. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (天津天津2007) A. this B. that C. it D. these 2. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,

25、 more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江2006)A. As B. ThatC. This D. ItCD第26页/共42页第二十七页，共42页。3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (2005全国全国(qun u)A. it B. she C. which D. he4. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山东山东2006)A.

26、thatB. it C. this D. youAB第27页/共42页第二十八页，共42页。5. It was _ he came back from Africa that year_ he met the girl he would like to marry. (江西江西(jin x)2009)A. when; then B. not; untilC. not until; that D. olny, when6. It was along the Missippi River _Mark Twain spent much of hid childhood.(天津天津2008)A. ho

27、w B. which C. that D. whereC C 第28页/共42页第二十九页，共42页。改错改错(i cu)You wont find difficult to get to the city center. (2004全国全国)2. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. (2004湖北湖北)3. This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the world”.find后加后加itthere itThis It第29页/共

28、42页第三十页，共42页。Exercises:1. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C.these D. them 2. In which play is _ your brother will appear? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where3. _ the harder you work, the better result youll get. A. Its believed that B. What we believed t

29、hat C. Its fact D. What the fact isACA第30页/共42页第三十一页，共42页。4. Nothing can stop us, _? A. cant it B. can it C. cant we D. can we5. -Can you tell us how the war was won in the end ? - I dont know, _. A. Its hard to say B. It doesnt matter C. Its no use saying D. It depends on the workBA第31页/共42页第三十二页，共

30、42页。6. Does _ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi? A. The thing B. that C. it D. her mother7. -Listen! Someone is unlocking the goods. -_ must be your father coming back from Beijing. A. It B. There C. That D. ThisCA第32页/共42页第三十三页，共42页。8. -Have you written a letter to her ? -No

31、, but Im going to write _ tonight. A. it B. that C. those D. one9. - Are they coming to the meeting? - _. A. I know so B. I am sure so C. I am sure of it D. I question it10. _ now pretty late, we took candles and went upstairs. A. Being B. For C. For being D. It beingDAD第33页/共42页第三十四页，共42页。11. The t

32、eacher told the students _. A. why to learn English important B. why was it important to learn English C. why it important to learn English D. why it was important to learn English12. The TV sets made in China are much better than _ in Japan. A. that B. those C. them D. itDB第34页/共42页第三十五页，共42页。13. O

33、ur food and service are better than _ used to be. A. It B. we C. they D. them14. -Im looking for a flat. -Would you like _ with _ garden? A. it; the B. it; a C. one; a D. one; the15. _ four years since I joined the Army. A. It was B. It is C. There is D. There wasCCB第35页/共42页第三十六页，共42页。1. Im still f

34、it enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. That is amazing. It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.2. My father has quit smoking. That is wonderful. It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking.Rewrite the following sentences, using “Its that”.第36页/共42页第三十七页，共42页。3. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. ( It is likely). It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smo