高中英语倒装句讲解

1、?英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。?将谓语的一局部或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。?倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装(full in version )；? 而只将be、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做局部倒装(partial inversion )。? 形式倒装：只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装形式倒装有四类：(1) 感慨句： What + a/an + adj +n.+(主语 + 谓语)！How + adj /adv.+(主语 + 谓语)!(2) The+比拟级+正常语序句子，The+比拟级+正常语序句子。“越，越.。(3) What

2、eve叶n.+主语+谓语，主句。However+ adj/adv+ 主语 + 谓语，主句。(4) As/Although引导让步状语从句时，可以对表语、谓语、状语进行强调。(注意：假设对表语进行强调时，表语为单数可数名词，形容词最高级时，要省掉冠词)一、完全倒装1. There be结构。另外，在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:There stood a dog before him.There exist differe nt opinions on this questi on.稳固练

3、习：1) a beautiful palacethe foot of the hill.A. There sta nd; atB. There sta nds; un derC. Stands there; un derD. There sta nds; at2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。“ Here, There, Now, Then + come (或 be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had bee n look ing forw

4、ard to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。如：Here you are.There she comes.(2).表示方向的副词 out, in, up, down等置于句首，要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。女口 :In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.2) There. And here.A. goes the pho ne; she comesB. is the pho ne going; is sh

5、eC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she3) Out, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush4) from the top of the build ing whe n the policema n poin ted the gun at him.A. Jumped dow n the robberB. Jumped the robber dow nC. Down jumped the rob

6、berD. Down the robber jumped3.当表示地点的介词词组如 on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room 等在句首时。At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.The soldiers ran to the buildi ng, on the top of which flew a flag.East of the lake lie two tow ns.Un der the tree was lying a w

7、ou nded soldier.5Near the churchcottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old3."分词代词+ be +主语“结构。如：Walk ing at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6, a man of achieveme nts, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Ein ste in was suchB.

8、Such was Ein ste inC. Ein stein was so D. So was Ei nstein7are the days whe n teachers were looked dow n upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To go D. Goi ng二、局部倒装局部倒装是把 be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词，要在主语之前加助动词do / does /did等，而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。1. 句首状语为否认词或半否认词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom很少，不常，

9、rarely 很少，罕有，hardly, scarcely 几乎不，简直没有，no sooner 立即，not only, in no way 决不，at no time, few, not, no 等,女口:Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I can't swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed tha n hefell asleep.稳固练习：1Hardlythe

10、 airport whe n the pla ne took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I arrivedC_had I reachedD. I had got to2 Have you ever see n an yth ing like that beforeNo,any thi ng like that before.A. I n ever have see nB. n ever I have see n C. never have I see nD. I have see n3She is not fond of cook ing,I.A. so a

11、m B nor am C. n either D. nor do2. only +状语放在句首，要局部倒装。如：Only by this means is it possible to explain it. 介词短语 Only then did I realize the importance of math. 副词Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 从句4Only in this waymake progress in your En glish.A. youB. can y

12、ouC. you be able to D. will you able to5Only when the meeting was overgo back to meet his friend.A. he couldB. he was able toC. was he able to D. was able to he3. so或so引导的短语放在句首，要局部倒装。如：I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that eve n people in the n ext room could hear him.6) The doctor

13、 told Charlie to breathe deeply and.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did soC. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so7) So loudlythathear her clearly.A. did she speak; could every oneB. did she speak; every one couldC. she spoke; could every oneD. she spoke; every one could4. "Not only + 分句,but also +分句&q

14、uot;句型中的前一分句要局部倒装。如：Not only does Joh n love Chin ese, he is also good at speak ing it.但not only.but also.连接主语时，不倒装。如：Not only the mother but also the children are sick.8) himself wrong, but his frie nds were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not o nly heC. Not o nly was heD. Not o nly was5. Not until放在句首，

15、从句不倒装，主句倒装。如：Not until last week did they find the lost bike.( 简单句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importanee of time.( 复合句)9) Not un til the early years of the 19th cen turyknow what heat is.A. man did B. man C. did n't manD. did man10) Not until I began to workre

16、alize how much time I had wasted.A. did n't IB. did I C. I did n't D. I6. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中，要用局部倒装结构。如Many a time has Joh n give n me good advice.Often have we made that test.12) Many a timeswimmi ng alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boyC. did the boy

17、 goD. did go the boy7. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里? May you succeed!? Long live the People ' s Republic of China!Not only，but also引导的并列句。notonly位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为前倒后不倒女口：Not until +状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：主倒从不倒女口：1) Only when he told me did I know it .2) Not until I began to work did I realiz

18、e how much time I had wasted .No soonerthan，Hardly / Scarcelywhen 等句型也属此类用法。如：No sooner ( Hardly ) had we reached home than (when ) it began to rain .代表Neithernor所引导的并列句。2N假设位于两分句之首，那么前后分句均倒装。即前倒后也倒女口：Neither do I know her name ， nor does he.No matter 引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即前后均不倒女口：No matter how b

19、usy he is ， he always comes to help us .?1. - "Look ! Here. -Oh, thank God . Here:'A. the teacher comes ; he comesB. comes the teacher ; comes heC. does the teacher come ; does he comeD. comes the teacher ; he comes?2. We waited and waited.we had bee n look ing forward to.A. Then came the m

20、ome ntB. Then did the moment comeC. The mome nt the n cameD. The n was coming the mome nt?3.can you expect to get a pay rise.A . With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D . Now that he works hard?4. Only afterto go to school.A. New China was foun ded ; he was ableB. was New China f

21、oun ded ; was he ableC. New Chi na came into being ; was he ableD. New China foun ded ;he was able?5. Littleabout his own safety, though he was in great dan ger himself.A. does he care B. did he careC. he caresD. he cared?6. Not until all the fish died in the riverhow serious the pollution was .A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. did n't the vil