八年级英语下学期期末词汇总复习.

1、学习必备欢迎下载初二下学期期末词汇总复习【目标认知】复习 1 12 模块重点词汇【知识讲解】一、动词1. leave 作动词A. 遗忘，丢下eg. She left the umbrella on the train.她把雨伞忘在火车上了。B. 离开eg. My father lost his job and I had to leave school again.我父亲丢了工作，我不得不辍学。C. 留下，剩下eg. Could you like to leave a message for him?你要不要给他留个话？D. 使 处于某种状态eg. She used to leave the

2、door open while sleeping.她睡觉时，常常开着门。E. leave for 动身去某处eg. I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我明天要动身去北京。F. leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下eg. I can't leave the baby by herself.我不能把小孩单独留下。考点分析：忘记某物用forget ；把某物忘在某处用leave。I forgot his name.我忘记了他的名字。I left my book at home.我把书忘在家里了。2. go 作动词（不及物），意为：去、

3、前往，反义词come。学习必备欢迎下载主要用法如下：A. go用作不及物动词，常可接带to的不定式，与go 构成一个动词词组，意为“去做某事 ”，在非正文体中，这种结构可变为go and do sth.。eg. go to see my friends 去看望我的朋友go to work 去工作B. go 后加介词to，构成一个相当于及物动词的动词词组。eg. go to school上学go to bed 睡觉C. go 还可用作系动词，后跟形容词或动名词。eg. go hungry挨饿go 后跟动名词时，一般表示经常发生的一般活动。eg. go shopping去购物go swimming

4、去游泳D. be going to 表将来时态。eg. It's going to rain.天要下雨了。E. 有关词组go to school上学go to bed 上床睡觉go for a walk去散步go to a doctor 去看医生go about从事go ahead 走在前边go back回去go by走过go home回家go off离去（悄悄地）go on 继续go out出去go over复习go through 浏览go up 上涨F. 有关词组辨析： go to school 去上学（求学）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）eg. It&

5、#39;s time for children to go to school.到孩子上学时间啦。My father went to the school and talked to my teacher.我父亲去学校和我老师交谈。 have gone to/ have been tohave gone to去了某处，不在说话处have been to 去了某处又回到说话处 go on doing 继续做某事（前后事相同）go on to do sth. 接着去做另一件事Go on reading lesson 3.继续读第三课。Go on to read lesson 3.接着读第三课。学习

6、必备欢迎下载 go to sleep 入睡，睡着，（反义词：wake upgo to bed 去睡觉，（反义词get up），指动作。醒来），强调动作的结果。3. keep 作动词，意为：保留、保持、经营、养活、照顾、保管。eg. keep a pet dog 养宠物狗I have a family to keep.我得养活一家人。主要用法：A. 后加名词 / 代词eg. Can you keep a secret?你能保守秘密吗？B. keep v.-ing 一直不断地做某事Why do you keep laughing all the time?你为什么总是在笑？C. keep sb.

7、doing/ 过去分词 /形容词 /副词 /介词词组eg. Keep the door open.让门开着。Sorry, I kept you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等啦。考点分析：A. 可以代替短暂性动词，与时间段状语连用。正确： I have kept the book for three weeks.错误： I have borrowed the book for three weeks.这本书我已借了三周。B. 宾补成份的形式随时练 They kept us_ （ wait ） for them for an hour.答案： waiting4. agree 作

8、动词，意为 “同意、赞成 ”。I don't agree. I disagree. 我不同意 /我不赞成。用法如下：A. agree with 同意某人或同意某人说的话eg. I quite agree with you.我同意你（的意见）。I agree with what he says.我同意他所说的话。B. agree on/ to 同意某人的意见、计划、建议等He agrees with me on this point.在这一点上他和我的意见一致。Do you agree on my suggestions?你同意我的建议吗？学习必备欢迎下载C. agree to do s

9、th. 同意做某事He agrees to help us. 他答应帮助我们。My mother agreed to buy me a new bike.我妈妈同意给我买辆新车。D. agree that 从句eg. We all agreed that the plan was a good one. 我们一致认为这是个好计划。My parents agree that I can play games on Sunday. 我父母同意我星期天玩游戏。5. disagree 是不及物动词，意为A. 若指与某人意义不一致，用His plan disagrees with mine.“不同意，意

10、见不一，不一致，不合适 with 。”，反义词agree。他的计划与我的不一致。B.表气候或某物对人不适合，通常用with 。The climate here disagrees with me.这儿的气候对我不适合。辨析：disagree/ agreeA. agree作不及物动词，用法与disagree 大同小异，只是意思相反，但agree 可用作及物动词，其宾语可以是不定式或that 从句。B. disagree 在现代英语中，只用做不及物动词，其后既不接不定式也不接eg. 正： She doesn't agree to go with them. 她不同意与他们一块走。错： Sh

11、e disagrees to go with them.that从句。6. practice 作动词，意为 “实践、练习 ”，美语写作 practise，其后接名词、代词或动名词，但不能接不定式。eg. You must practice it every day.你必须每天练它。They practice speaking English every morning.他们每天早晨练习说英语。考点分析：practice 后接动词时，只能用动名词形式。随时练 用词的适当形式填空。It's important to practice_（ listen） .答案： listening注意：类

12、似用法的动词有enjoy, finish, keep, give up, mind, can't help。7. teach 作动词，意为 “教，教学 ”A. teach sb. sth.教某人某事He teaches us English.他教我们英语。学习必备欢迎下载B. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事The teacher teaches us to study lessons.老师教我们学功课。C. teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人如何做某事Mr. Wang taught us how to dance last year.去年王

13、老师教我们如何跳舞。D. teach oneself learn by oneself 自学Tom taught himself at home.汤姆在家自学。二、副词1. just ：just 在本册主要作副词，意为“刚刚 ”，用于现在完成时态。eg. I have just had lunch.我刚吃过午饭。just 作副词，译为“仅仅，刚刚，只是”eg. It is just 5 o'clock.刚 5 点钟。I just ate my lunch.我刚吃了午饭。A. 后接名词（短语）或句子，意为“恰好、正好 ”eg. It was just four o'clock w

14、hen we got home.我们到家时刚好四点。That's just what I was going to say.那恰好是我正要说的。B. 用于一些日常用语中，尤其用于祈使句，表示强调。Just think.想想看。Just stay at home and take care of your father.请呆在家中，照顾你的父亲。C. just now 刚才，不久以前I saw her just now.我刚才看见她了。D. just then 正在那时Just then he came out of the room.就在那时他从房间里走了出来。2. however作副

15、词，意为“无论如何；不论到什么程度”，可位于句首、句中和句末。位于句首时，其后学习必备欢迎下载用逗号与句子隔开；位于句中，其前后均用逗号；位于句末尾时，其前用逗号分开。eg. However, this doesn't always happen.然而，这样的情况不常有。He can answer the question however hard it is.不管问题有多难他都能回答。However did you get here?你是怎么到这里来的?He hasn't arrived. He may, however, come later.他还未到，不过，他可能过一会儿

16、来。拓展： 作连词，意为“无论以何种方式，不管怎样”引导让步状语从句。eg. He will never succeed however hard he tries.不管怎样努力，他都不会成功。You can travel however you like.你可以随心所欲地去旅行。三、数词hundredA. 作数词，意为“百、百个 ”，与 million, thousand等词的用法一样，前面有表示具体概念的基数词修饰时，用单数形式。eg. There are two hundred students in our school.我们学校有二百名学生。The wall is made of 5

17、 hundred bricks.这堵墙由500 块砖砌成。B. hundreds of 意为 “数百个，上千的”，类似的短语有：thousands of, millions of。当 hundred指不确切的数量，仅仅表示数目很大时，则用复数，而且后面接介词of ，多译为 “数以百计 ”。eg. That bike costs hundreds of dollars. 那辆自行车值数百美元。hundreds of 这类词组前可以加上一个表示不确定数目的修饰词，如： some, many, several 等。eg. Many hundreds of buildings have been bu

18、ilt in the past year.在过去的一年中，几百幢大楼被建起。随时练 _ people play basketball but few people know how it started.A. Hundreds ofB. Hundred ofC. Two hundredsD. Two hundreds of答案与分析：Ahundred 表示不确切数目用复数形式，且后加介词of 。学习必备欢迎下载四、连词1.either 作连词，常与or 连用，意为 “或 或 ，是 还是 ，不是 就是 ”。eg. Either go or doesn't go.或去或不去。考点分析：ei

19、ther or 连接主语时，谓语动词的形式由靠近的主语来确定。随时练 用 have 的适当形式填空。Either you or he_ to go there.或者你或者他得去那儿。答案： has作形容词，意为“两者之间任何一个的，任何一方的”。eg. Sit on either side.你随便坐哪一边。There are shops on either side of the street.街两旁都有商店。作代词，意为“两者之一，任何一方”eg. Either will do.随便哪个都行。作副词，用于否定句中，意为“也（不） ”。eg. If he doesn't go, I w

20、on't either.如果他不去，我也不去。2. sinceA. 作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，译为“自从 以来 ”，从句动词常用过去时，主句常用现在完成时态。若since 引导的时间为时间段，主句动词常用延续性动词。eg. Where have you been since I last saw you?自从上次我和你见面后，你去哪儿了？A week has passed since we arrived here.我们到达这已经一周啦。since 作连词，也可引导原因状语从句，通常位于主句前，意为“既然，因为 ”。eg. Since I have no money, I can&

21、#39;t buy a new car.因为我没钱，没法买新车。B. since 还可作介词，后跟时间点（过去），在句中作时间状语。eg. He hasn't been home since 1999.自 1999 以来他一直没有回过家。学习必备欢迎下载C. 表示 “从那时起一直到现在 ”用 ever since。eg. The Shutes went to London in 1980 and have lived there ever since.舒特一家在1980 年去伦敦，此后一直住在那时。五、同义词辨析1. since与forfor和 since都可用作介词，经常用于含有完成

22、时的句子里，for后面的宾语是一段时间，而since则跟过去某一时间点。since还可用作副词和连词。例如:They came to Beijing in 1950 and have lived here since.1950 年他们来到北京，以后就一直住在这儿。He's worked on the farm since he left the army.(自从 )他离开部队以来，一直在农场工作。注意： for 和 since 引导的时间状语从句不能与终止性动词的肯定式连用。试译:他入团两年了。误： He has joined the Youth League for two year

23、s.正： He has been a League member for two years.2. hope 与 wish(1)hope 一般表示预计有可能实现的事物，如希望做某事、希望得到某物或发生某事等。而wish 除了可以表示可以实现的希望外，常用来表示难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，或者希望与现状不一样。 wish 还可用于祝愿。试比较：I wish it were true.( 但愿是事实。)(可惜不是事实)I hope it isn't true.( 我希望这不是事实。)(可能不是事实)He hoped to get the first prize.(他希望获得一等奖。)( 有

24、可能实现的希望She wished she were a bird.( 她希望她是一只鸟。)( 不可能实现的愿望Wish you a happy New Year. （祝你新年快乐。）)(2) 在否定句中，否定词通常放在hope 或wish之后。如：I hope she won't come.( 我希望她不来。)( 不能说 I don't hope she'll come.)(3)wish 可接不定式或复合不定式。hope 可接不定式，但不接" 宾语 + 不定式 " 的复合不定式。如：She hoped to visit Beijing.She wished to go there.He wishes us to go