人教版8年级上册英语各单元学习重点

1、八年级上册英语知识点Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?语言目标：谈论过去的事情一、短语stay at home待在家里 go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 quite a few相当多 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 of course当然 have a good time玩得高兴 go shopp

2、ing去购物feel like给的感觉；感受到 in the past在过去 seem 是“看起来像，给人印象中是”，可以是抽象的。而look是直观的、在眼睛视线看到某东西后认为的“看起来像”，是具体的。walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来二、习惯用法buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人

3、买某物taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth. 决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop d

4、oing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事三、词语辨析：1. anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2

5、. seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when

6、to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用begin .1) 创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month.2) 机器开动： I cant start my car.3) 出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上

7、，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The h

8、at is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expens

9、ive. 加下划线的单词：均为谓语动词，使用过去式。四、交际用语1- Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了？（一般过去式句子） -I went to the mountains.我去山区了。（一般过去式句子）2Long time no see.很久没见了。3Everything tasted really good. -切品尝起来真的很好。（一般过去式句子）4. I felt like l was a bird我感觉我成了一只鸟。（一般过去式句子）5What a difference a day makes!多么与众不同的一天！过去发生的动作如：他昨晚做作业

10、了。过去存在的状态如：他出生于2000年1月。五、语法：一般过去时定义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态语法构成：谓语动词用过去式动词的过去式分为规则动词和不规则动词两种：规则动词的过去式： 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。 wanted，played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d。 hoped，lived 重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母， 再加-ed stopped 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed。 studied，worried 以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-ed. played, enjoyed 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循

11、。请记住：清后t，元浊d，t d之后读id。 清辅音后，ed要读t。worked，finished 元音或浊辅音后，ed要读 d。lived，called t或d后，ed读id。 started，needed 不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。如： be was do did go went come cameUnit2 How often do you exercise?语言目标：谈论你做事情的频率一、短语help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twi

12、ce a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 such as比如；诸如ave dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对有好处 go camping去野营 notat all一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the

13、 most popular最受欢迎的 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb work with sbplay with sb morn than多于；超过 less than少于二、习惯用法Whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少?主语+find+that从句. 发现 by doing sth. 通过做某事help sb. wit

14、h sth. 帮助某人做某事 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 Its+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三、词语辨析：1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也

15、可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.2. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to

16、 do sth. 自由地做某事。The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to stay.3. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?4. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up

17、 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.5. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dir

18、ty.7. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.8. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句

19、中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事；be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes

20、频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have rea

21、d the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?四、交际用语1How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？2What do you usually do on weekends?你通常在周末做什么？第4、5句下划线：为动词第三人称单数形式。3Does Su

22、e eat a healthy breakfast?休吃健康的早餐吗？4She says it's good for my health.她说那对我的健康有益。5He plays at least twice a week.他一周至少踢两次。第6、7、8句下划线：为可数名词的复数。6Here are the results.这是结果。7Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. 百分之四十五的（学生）一周锻炼四到六次。8.Although many students like to watch sports, game s

23、hows are the most popular. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育，但是游戏节目是最受欢迎的。9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 通过使用互联网或看游戏节目来放松是好的。五、语法：一般现在时定义：表示现在经常发生的、习惯性的动作或目前存在的状态语法构成：1、 谓语动词用原形。2、 但当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。什么是第三人称单数？1、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：Tom looks like

24、her mother. 汤姆看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。3、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。This book is yours. 这本书是你的。That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, e

25、verything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。6、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如："6" is

26、a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点：1. 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is。2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用 doesn't + 动词原形，如：He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句) He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.3. 对含

27、有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词 does，如：She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) When / What time does she go home every day?动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律 1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。stopstops s ;readreads z 2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读iz 如： flyflies z；carrycarries z3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为

28、iz 如： teachteaches iz; 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读z 如：gogoes z dodoes z下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 1、do du:does dz2、say seisays sezUnit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.语言目标：谈论个性特征；对人物进行比较一、短语more outgoing更外向 asas与一样 the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与相像的/类似的 the same as和相同；与一致 be different

29、 from与不同care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的touch ones heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋be good at擅长 be good with善于与相处二、习惯用法as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 Its+ adj.+fo

30、r sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 as(原级)as与一样 not as/soas不如三、词语辨析：laugh v. & n. 笑We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。He laughs best who lau

31、ghs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与at连用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = althoughThough it was raining，he we

32、nt there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）though adv. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though. 四、交际用语1Sam has longer hair than Tom.萨姆的头发比汤姆的头发长。（比较级）2Both Sam and Tom can

33、play the drums.萨姆和吉姆两个都会敲鼓。3That's Tara，isn't it?那是塔拉，是不是？4.A good friend likes to do the same things as me.好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情（原级）。5A good friend truly cares about me.好朋友要真的关心我。6.But I think friends are like books - you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.但是我认为朋友就像书一样只要他们是好的，

34、你就不需要很多。五、语法：形容词和副词的比较级 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very, so, too, pretty, really；2）比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much, a lot, a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-est

35、highshorthighershorter highestshortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinest latestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加

36、more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmore beautifulmore athleticmore outgoingmost beautifulmost athleticmost outgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（更远） further（更深远） farthest(最远) furthest（最深远）Unit4 Whats the b

37、est movie theater?语言目标：谈论喜好；作比较一、短语movie theater电影院 close to离近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上 so far到目前为止 talent show才艺表演 more and more越来越 and so on等等 in common共同；共有 all kinds of各种各样的 for example例如 10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 around the world世界各地；全世界 be up to是的职责；由决定 not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事

38、、谎言等） play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响 takeseriously认真对待 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到Can I ask you some? 我能问你一些吗？ How do you like? 你认为怎么样？Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢。 What do you think of? 你认为怎么样?二、习惯用法give sb. sth.给某人某物 much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事 one of+可数名词的复数 之一play a role in doing sth.

39、发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色提示：在考虑形容词和副词的等级时，需同时考虑名词的复数、动词的第三人称单数形式。三、交际用语1.It's the closest to home.它离家最近。（形容词最高级前要加“ the”）2.It has the most comfortable seats.它有最舒适的座位。（多音节词的最高级） 3.How do you like so far?到目前为止你认为怎么样？ 4.I think 970 AM is pretty bad.我认为调幅970兆赫相当糟糕。 5.It's always interesting to watc

40、h other people show their talents.看别人表演他们的才艺总是有趣的。6.Talent shows are getting more and more popular.才艺节目正变得越来越受欢迎。7.Now, there are similar shows around the world, such as China's Got Talent.现在全世界都有相似的节目，例如中国达人秀。 8.All these shows have one thing in common.所有的节目都有一个共同点。 9.That's up to you to de

41、cide那由你决定。10. However, not everyone enjoys watching these shows.然而，并不是每一个人都喜欢看这些节目。 11.Some think that the lives of the performers are made up. -些人认为演员的生活是编造的。四、语法：形容词和副词的最高级（内容见第3单元语法）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?语言目标：谈论偏爱；制定计划一、短语think of认为 learn from从获得；向学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目

42、game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影 a pair of一双；一对 try ones best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与一样有名 have a discussion about就讨论 one day有一天 such as例如 dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.s place代替；替换 do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料 one of之一 look like看起来像 around the wor

43、ld全世界 a symbol of的象征二、习惯用法let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing?做怎么样？be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事三、词语辨析1.the other, the others, other, others,another 辨析the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分

44、，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个另一个时，常用one the other。例：He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例：You t

45、wo stay here, the others go with me. Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例：We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects.others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例：Some students are doing homework,others are talking loudly.another 泛

46、指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：I dont like this one. Please show me another one. 2.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.3. go on 发生，与 take place 同义I wonder what was going on. 翻译：隔壁发生了什么？ ？4、 happen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。Sth + happens to sb. A traffic accid

47、ent happened to his elder brother yesterday.Sth + happens + 地点/时间，意为：某地/某时发生了某事An accident happened on Park Street.happen v，表示“碰巧”，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to,表示“碰巧”.Sb + happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.5. take place 意为“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes

48、have taken place in China.The meeting will take place next Friday.6. expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：1)expect + 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计可能发生。Im expecting Li Lins letter.2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb. to do sth.I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect + 从句 预计I expe

49、cted that Ill come back next Monday.7. serious a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 _Hes serious about selling his house.四、交际用语1What do you think of talk shows?你认为谈话节目怎么样？2She plans to watch Days o，Our Past.她计划去看童年。3Because I hope to find out what's going on around the world.因为我希望知道世界上正在发生什么事情。4.1 like to follow the story