ScreenTest(透视检查)

1、screen test1. every year millions of women are screened with x-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. if this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. according to a survey （调 杳）published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes nine of them, including australia

2、, canada, the us and spain, screen women under 5（）.2. but the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial （有争议r勺）, partly because the radiation （辐射） brings a small risk of inducing cance匚 also, younger women must be given higher doses of x-rays because their breast tissue （组织

3、） is dense匚 3 researchers at the polytechnic university 1 of valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. after estimating the women's cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause4. the math

4、ematical model recommended by britain national radiological protection board （nrpb） predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. the model preferred by the un scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiation led to a lower figure of 20 can

5、cers.5. the researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very significant compared to the far larger number of cancers that arc discovered and treated the valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened6.

6、but they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. the results of their study, they suggest, could help "optimize the technique" f

7、or breast cancer screening.7"there is a tradc-off （平衡）between the diagnostic （诊断的、判断的）benefits of breast screening and its risks," admits michael clark of the nrpb but he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. uon the basis of the current （目币jr勺）data, for every 10 cancers

8、 successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. that's why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme.练习：1. paragraph?a2. paragraph3 _b3. paragraph4c4. paragraph5d_a. harm screening may do to a younger womanb. investigating （调查）the effect

9、 of screeningc. effects predicted by two different modelsd. small risk of inducing cancers from radiatione. treatment of cancersf. factors that trigger cancers5. early discovery of breast cancer mayc6. advantages of screening women under 50 are _d7. delaying the age at which screening starts maye8.

10、radiation exposure should bef.a. be costlyb. harmfulc. save a lifed. still open to debate（争论）e. reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancerf. reduced to the minimum词汇：polytechnic / i pt）li i tekmk/ adj.多工艺的 radiological /ireidfou'lodgikal/ adj.放射性的 optimise /'optimaiz/ vt.最大限度地完善注释：* po

11、lytechnic university :理工大学 cumulative ajuimjubtiv/ adj.递增的 contract /ksn'traekt/ vt. trade-off areiddf/ n.平衡a harm screening may do to a younger womanbinvestigating the effect of screeningceffects predicted by two differentmodelsdsmall risk of inducing cancers from radiationetreatment of cancers

12、ffactors that trigger cancersearly discovery of breast cancer mayadvantages of screening women under 50 are 一delaying the age at which screening starts mayradiation exposure should beabe costlybharmfulcsave a lifedstill open to debatee reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancerfreduced to the

13、minimum答案与题解：aa说人是：用x射线检查可能对年轻女人不好。下面是第二段讲的意思：但是，用x射线 检查年轻女性，就医学上的好处而论，是有争议的，部分原因是辐射有诱发癌症的小小的危 险。另外，年轻女人乳房组织紧密，给予的x射线的剂量要多一些。bb说的是：调查用x射线检查的结果。第三段的第一句话是这么说的:valencia理工大学 的研究人员分析了 11个社区诊所用x射线检査16万以上女性的结果。可见b为正确的选 项。cc说的是：两种不同的模型预测的结果。笫四段讲的是，两种不同的数学模型在预测用x 射线检查女性诱发癌症的结果是不一样的。c概述了这段话。dd说的是：辐射诱发癌症的危险是很小

14、的。第五段的第一句话是这么说的：the researchers argue that the level of radiatioinduced cancers is " not very significant" compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated.研究人员争辩说，与发现后 接受治疗 的癌症数字相比，山辐射诱发癌症的数字是很小的。c c与题丁牛成:early discovery of breast cancer may save a life.乳腺癌发现得早

15、也许能挽 救 生命。答案可以从第一段屮找到。d d 与题干生成:advantages of screening women under 50 are still open to debate. x 才 50 岁 以下的女人用x射线捡查的好处仍然是冇争议的。第二段的笫一个甸了是这么说的:but the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial但是，丿 ij x 射线检查 年 轻女性，就医学上的好处而论，是有争议的这两个句子用词有些差别，但基本意思是相同的。e e 与题t牛成： delaying the

16、age at which screening starts may reduce lhe risk of radiation triggerhigaa cancer.延纖用x射线检杳的年龄也许能减少辐射诱发的危险。答案在笫f f与题干生成扭tion exposu ®（命cmld be reduced to the minimum.应把接受辐射降低 到最小的程度。答案在文章的蝕后一句。译文：透视检查每年上百力的女性都做x射线透视，检杳是否有乳腺癌迹象。如果检杳得足够早，疾病就 可以被成功地治疗。根据去年公布的一项调查，21个国家有透视计划。其屮9个国家，包 括澳大利亚、加拿大、美国和西

17、班牙为50岁以下女性进行透视。但是，用x射线检查年轻女性，就医学上的好处而论，是冇争议的，部分原因是辐射冇诱 发癌症的小小的危险。另外，年轻女人乳房组织紧密，给予的x射线的剂量要多一些。 valencia理工大学的研究人员分析了 11个社区诊所用x射线检杏16万以上女性的结果。 估测了女性的辐射累积剂量z后，他们用两种模型计算由此导致额外癌症数量。英国国家辐射保护委员会推荐的数学模型预言，透视计划会导致每10万个女性中有36人患 上癌症，18人致死。联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会首选的模型得出了一个较低的数字人20 人患上癌症。研究人员争辩说，与发现后接受治疗的癌症数字相比，山辐射诱发癌症的数字是很小的。他 们说，valenc