全国卷完形填空2015研讨课件

1、 2016 2016湖南高考专题复习之湖南高考专题复习之 完形填空完形填空 道县一中道县一中 邓邓 英英1考纲分析考纲分析主要特点主要特点23技巧点拨技巧点拨4 真题演练真题演练5课堂小结课堂小结Contents： 【全国卷考纲分析全国卷考纲分析】 完形填空完形填空全面考查学生的全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。理解能力和总体语言水平。 解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程

2、，通常我们可以常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作作者的写作意图者的写作意图，加强分析推理能力。，加强分析推理能力。 1.1. 全国卷完形填空词数通常为全国卷完形填空词数通常为 左右，选材左右，选材以以 为主，夹叙夹议，设空为主，夹叙夹议，设空 个，个，首句不首句不设题设题； 2. 2. 为主，语法极少为主，语法极少。考点层次可分为四类：考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出出 的理解，突出文化背景，设题以情景意义的

3、理解，突出文化背景，设题以情景意义选择为主选择为主 。 3.3.干扰性强，重细微辨析干扰性强，重细微辨析。选项设计严密，一般选项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。 【完形填空主要特点完形填空主要特点】250记叙文记叙文20语境语境语篇语篇年年份份体体裁裁题题材材2013记叙文记叙文（夹叙夹议）（夹叙夹议）叙述亲身体验残疾人的叙述亲身体验残疾人的经历从中有所感悟。经历从中有所感悟。2014议论文议论文通过一系列实例来论证通过一系列实例来论证当有些活动成为常规

4、的当有些活动成为常规的时候往往会使人们产生时候往往会使人们产生厌倦而中途放弃。厌倦而中途放弃。2015记叙文记叙文（夹叙夹议）（夹叙夹议） 奉献爱心，助人为乐。（赠人玫瑰，手留余香）【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】【考点方向考点方向】年份年份名词名词动词动词形容形容词词副词副词 连词连词 短语短语其他其他20137题题6题题4题题1题题1题题1题题20149题题4题题4题题3题题20156题题6题题3题题3题题1题题1题题词汇题词汇题考考什么？什么？ 篇章结构篇章结构 (语境语境) 句际关系句际关系技巧点拨技巧点拨1.注意注意上下文语境上下文语境（context)词汇复现、

5、逻辑关系词汇复现、逻辑关系2.掌握掌握习惯搭配习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）3.运用运用词义辨析词义辨析 （comparison）4.了解了解常识背景常识背景（commonsense）5.运用运用语法分析语法分析（grammaranalysis)1.复现复现词汇题词汇题 1.( 2015全国卷全国卷I) Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48(low)_ on cash ourselves, but When I handed him the gift c

6、ard, saying he could use it for _54(whatever)_ his family might need, he burst into tears.47.A.dollarB.jobC.hotmealD.giftcardthe gift card语境语境-原词重现原词重现2.(2014全国卷全国卷I)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see t

7、his 41 at work in people of all 42 ( ages). 41. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power 语境语境-同义词、近义词复现同义词、近义词复现3.（2014全国全国I)Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys. 43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going语境语境-固定搭配固定搭配play with(toys) 3.3.根据词汇的根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义意义及用法辨析词义4.(2014全

8、国卷全国卷I）My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 (challenges) , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished语境语境-词义辨析词义辨析 4.4.根据生活常识根据生活常识及文

9、化背景知识进行选择及文化背景知识进行选择 5.（2013全国卷I） As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42（locked） . 41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight 生活常识生活常识常识、背景知识常识、背景知识6. Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three , my parents

10、 flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 (aside ) , 36. A. custom B. games C .characters D. language 1.1.语法手段语法手段2.2.逻辑手段逻辑手段句际关系句际关系1.1.语法手段语法手段7.（2015全国卷全国卷I）WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor_54_hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.which

11、everD.whenever语法语法-连接代词连接代词逻辑手段逻辑手段2.2.逻辑手段逻辑手段让步关系让步关系转折关系转折关系因果关系因果关系解释关系解释关系顺序关系顺序关系并列关系并列关系8.（2013全国卷全国卷I）My hands started to ache as I 51 (turned) the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52 (direction) of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task.53. A. easy B. heavy C

12、. major D. extra语境语境-因果关系因果关系 9. Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37(special) . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise语境语境-转折转折 10.（2014全国卷I) The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each

13、standing as a monument to someones 47 （passing） interest. 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly- collectedD. half-filled 语境语境-同类并列关系同类并列关系11.Firstofall,apenshouldfitcomfortablyinyourhand,.Thenthewritingpointofthepen52,thepenshouldmakeathick,darkline. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. A

14、fterwards D. Finally语境语境-顺序关系顺序关系 原词复现原词复现同义、近义复现同义、近义复现 并列关系并列关系 转折关系转折关系 让步关系让步关系 解释关系解释关系语法项目语法项目较少考查较少考查 顺序关系顺序关系 因果关系因果关系词汇手段词汇手段语法手段语法手段 逻辑手段逻辑手段语篇信息语篇信息（语境理解）（语境理解）技巧小结技巧小结 【真题演练真题演练 】新课标新课标20152015全国卷全国卷I I解题三部曲：读解题三部曲：读-填填-读读 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.

15、 On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed.” At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they

16、thought our “friend” there would 46. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. 41.A.QuitB.ChangedC.LostD.Finished42.A.conditionB.placeC.sightD.show43.A.suggestionB.commentC.decisionD.call44.A.byB.proudlyC.outsideD.angrily45.A.drawB.sayC.arrangeD.pick46.A.appreciateB.supplyC.orderD.discover语

17、境、语境、词义词义上下文上下文Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47. I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, butwell, sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do! All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of 52, he

18、lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 his family might need, he burst into tears.47.A.dollar B.jobC.hotmeal D.giftcard48.A.easyB.lowC.softD.loose49.A.givingB.savingC.spendingD.begging50.A.yetB.evenC.stillD.just51.A.declaredB.sharedC.ignoredD.expected52.A.foodB.medicineC.toysD.clothes53.A.sleepyB.wateryC.curiousD.sharp54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever原词重现原词重现上下文上下文语法语法语境、词义语境、词义词义词义辨析辨析This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ! Things wou