2019高考英语词汇考查+题型练Unit3Ahealthylife(含解析)新人教版选修

1、Unit 3李仕才一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1 _（ignore） the difference between the two research findings will beone of the worst mistakes you make.答案： Ignoring 设空处位于句首，考虑句中可能缺少主语或状语，再分析句子成分， 句中已有谓语动词 will be ，句中缺少的是主语， 再根据句意可知应用动名词形式。 句意为：忽视这两种研究结果的差异将是你所犯的最严重错误之一。and Hong Kong.答案：living 分析句子结构快速找到谓语动词 动词；再根据句意可知, 逻辑主语

2、 people 与 live 之间为主动关系, 最后确定填现在分词形 式。句意为：香港的一家旅游公司 Abercrombie & Kent 说,他们经常在这儿为上海人和香 港人安排方便的度假。该句的谓语动词是 arranges ,所以此处应是非谓语动词； people 和 live 之间是主动关系,故填 living 作后置定语。3._ （2015 北京，21 改编）（catch） the early flight ,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.答案： to catch to catch 在此作目的状语。句意：为

3、了赶上早航班,我们提前订了 出租车并且起得很早。4._（2015 北京，23 改编）The park was full of people , _（enjoy） themselves inthe sunshine.答案：enjoyingenjoying 为现在分词作伴随状语，与 people 形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意：公园里人山人海,他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。5._（2015 天津， 5 改编） （absorb） in painting , Joh n didnt no tice eve ning approaching.答案： Absorbed 动词 absorb 有“使专心”之意,常见

4、短语 be absorbed in ,所以用 过去分词作原因状语。（二）英汉互译1.cigarette n. _部分是 will be ， one of the worst mistakes是表语， you make 是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰 mistakes 。很显然，the differencebetween the two research findings是主语部分,结合语境可知设空处用动名词作主语。答案为Ignoring 。2. (2015 课标全国 I,70)Abercrombie & Ke nt， a travel company in Hong Kong ，say

5、s it regularly arranges quick getaways here forpeople(live) in Shanghai分析句子结构可知， 句子的谓语arranges ，从而判断此处应填非谓语22.alcohol n. _3.alcoholic adj. _4.abuse n. & vt. _5. fitness n. _6. sexual adj. _7.stress n. vt. _8. stressful adj. _9. obesity n. _10.adolescent n. adj. _11.adolescence n. _12.ban vt. n.

6、_13.due adj. _14.due to _15.tough adj. _16.addicted adj. _17.addicted to _18. nicotine n. _19.accustom vt. _20.accustomed adj. _21.accustomed to _22.withdrawal n. _23. bad-tempered adj. _24.automatic adj_.25.automatically adv. _26.mental adj. _27.mentally adv. _28.quit vt. _29.effect n. _30.lung n.

7、_31.pregnant adj. _32.abnormal adj. _33.breathless adj. _34.unfit adj. _35.strengthen vt. vi. _36. resolve n. _37.decide on _38.packet n. _39.feel like (doing) _40. relaxation n. _41.desperate adj. _42.chemist n. _43. gum n. _44. chewing gum _45.disappointed adj. _However, China, so far, outdoes(超过

8、)them all by operating three out of four of the46. weaken vi. vt. _47.ashamed adj. _prehension n. _49.in spite of _50.take risks (a risk) _51.get into 陷入；染上 _52.etc (et cetera) adv. _53.appendix( 复数 -dixes, -dices ) n. _54.illegal adj. _55.pill n. _56. robbery n. _57. slippery adj. _58.at risk _59.

9、immune adj_ .60.survival n. _61.sex n. _62. fluid n. _63. inject vt. _64. injection n. _65.needle n. _66. spill ( spilt, spilt ) vi. vt. _67.male adj. n. _68.female adj. n. _69. condom n. _70. homosexual n. adj. _71.prejudice n. _72.judgement n. _abortion n. _73.cigar n. _74.embarrassed adj. _75、 aw

10、kward adj. _二、阅读理解ARecent months have seen a revival of the humble(普通的 )bike across China, withan increasing number of people choosing pedaling( toworkplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction in whichbicycles are made available for shared use to individualswho do not own them and pioneered by s

11、tart-ups like Ofoand Mobike, has brought the trend to a new level.Washington D. C. has one of the biggest bike sharing systems in the US with 3,700 bikes and 440 stations. The UK, France and Germany all have growing programs.骑车 )instead of driving to school,of bike-sharing systems, services4world s

12、shard bikes.People can unlock the shard bikes by simply using their smartphone. The bikes are equipped with GPS and users ofChina s versions can leave bikes anywhere in public for the next user. They re popular among many Chinesepeople as they provide aneffective solution to the“ last mile ” problem

13、, which refers to the final leg of aperson s journey.However, the Chinese programs have also led to problems such as illegal parking, vandalism （ 故意破坏 ） and theft.In fact, these problems are also shared by bike-sharing programs abroad. Launched in 2007, Ve ilb is a large -scalepublic bike sharing sy

14、stem in Paris. At its early stage of operation,it also suffered from problems of vandalismor theft. By Oct 2009, a large number of Ve lib s initial bikes had to be replaceddue to vandalism or theft, according to The New York Times.To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of enc

15、ouraging people to return the bikes tostations by rewarding free time for their next rides. Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address theseproblems. For example, Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points taken in the case of bad behavior.Once a score drops below

16、 80, bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per30 minutes, up from 0. 5-1 yuan.1. What can we learn about bike sharing systems?A. They offer free bike rides.B. They are running perfectly.C. China operates the biggest system.D. France was the first to launch the system.2. As a means of transportation,

17、bike-sharing can be best described as _ .A. promising but expensive.B. convenient and eco-friendly.C. eco-friendly but ineffective.D. troublesome andmeaningless.3. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shared Bikes Pedal into Style.B. Problems with Bikes in China.C. Shared Bikes Attract You n

18、g People.D. Tran sportatio n Chan ges with the Times.【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，并介绍了它的优缺点。LC【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话可和共享里车并非免费， A 项错误；根据第网段可 知共拿单车系统面临很梦问题，并能运转完美，故 B 项错误 j 根据第二段最后一句话 g 田他 outdoej(ljiheni 观尊 opiating three m of four of the worlds shair bikesi 可知中匡| 的共享单车系统 最大，故 C 项正确；文中并宋提及注国是第一个发起这个

19、系统的国家，故 D 项错暝.故选口2. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知共享单车方便而且环保，故选B。3. A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，与A 项一致，故选 A。BBees play a vital role in the world. Unfortunately,bees are dying by the second.The main purpose of bees is to make hon ey. Hon ey, shock in gly, does not existfor huma n con sumptio n; it is esse

20、 ntial to the in sects. Hon eybees store honey intheir hives（蜂箱）in order for the bees to have energy for their flightfor heat ing the hives duri ng the win ter period. They collect polle n（supplies prote in for young bees to grow.Accord ing to Nati onal Honey Board, the in creased product ion andqua

21、lity of agricultural crops as a result of honeybee pollinationare valued at moretha n $14.6 billio nper year. These in sectsare resp on siblefor over 70 of the fruitsand vegetables we eat today, includingapples, grapes, coffee,So if they are so valuable to agriculture, why do they keep dying off? A

22、keysuspect seems to be pesticides（ 农药）.Honeybees who are exposed to pesticides result in the damage to theirmuscles and花粉)whichbeans, and broccoli.6neurological（神经系统的 ）functions, specifically memory orbehavior. And that s why the majority of worker bees disappear and leave behinda queen, plenty of f

23、ood and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature beesand the queen. There are several other causes of the decline of bees, includingthedestruct ion of n atural habitats, like woodla nds, forests, and other habitats forbees. Climate change is also a factor in the decline of the wild bee po

24、pulation.Actually, there are a variety of methods to help the bee population grow. Oneway is to start your own organic garden by plantingbee-friendlyplants.Pesticidesare used in both in dustrial practices and even in your home, so it is best to find orga nic seeds and weed killers.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。蜜蜂

25、在生物世界里起着重要的作用，但是由于农药的滥用，蜜蜂正在大批死亡。本文给出了增加蜜蜂数量的方法和建议。1.Why do honeybees store honey in their hives?A. To provide eno ugh honey for huma ns to con sume.B. To draw protein out of honey for young bees.C. To help attract other in sects and make hives stron ger.D. To stre ngthe n bee muscles and heat hives

26、 in win ter.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句Honeybees store honey in theirhives（ 蜂箱）in order for the bees to have energy for their flight muscles and forheati ng the hives during the wi nter period.”可知，蜜蜂储藏蜂蜜是为了增强飞行肌肉的力量，在冬天为蜂箱加热，故D 项正确。2.Apples and beans are mentioned in the third paragraph to show that_.A. be

27、es supply human beings with basic foodB. bees mainly live on these agricultural cropsC. bees are of great importanee to fruits and vegetablesD. bees can bring in more money for farmers every yearC 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的These in sects are resp on sible for over 70of the fruits and vegetables we eat today, i

28、ncluding apples, grapes, coffee, beans, and broccoli. ”可知，该段提及苹果和豆类旨在说明蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜的重要作用，故C项正确。3.What is most likely to cause the worker bees to leave their hives behind?A. The lack of food.B. The abuse of pesticides.C. The fighting among bees.D. The destruct ion of the habitats.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的Hon eyb

29、ees who are exposed to pesticides.And that s why the majorityof worker bees disappear”可知，农药的滥用导致了工蜂离开蜂箱，故B 项正确。4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. Another way to save bees.B. Other tips for choosing seeds.C. More methods to plant green organic fruits.D.Causes of

30、 the decline in the wild bee population.A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的第一、二句Actually, there are a variety ofmethods to help the bee population grow. One way is to start your own organic garden by pla ntingbee- frie ndlypla nts. ”可知，该段主要介绍了帮助蜜蜂增加数量的方法之一：种植对蜜蜂无害的植物。据此可以推断，下文将介绍其他的帮助增加蜜蜂数量的方法，故A项正确。三、七选五The Science

31、of Risk-Seek ingSometimes we decide that a little unn ecessary dan ger is worth it because whe n we weigh the risk and the reward,the risk seems worth taking.1 Some of us enjoyactivities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The rea

32、son why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better athunting, fight ing, or explori ng.2 As the qualityof risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adve nture and a toleranee for risk.8So why aren t we all

33、 jumping out of airpla nes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could getone killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-i n-the-cave types. As a result, huma nsdeveloped a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing,or

34、maybe you hate it.No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that yourwilli ngn ess to take risks in creases duri ng your tee nage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain in creases your hunger for new experie nces. Newexperie nces ofte n mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk aswell.5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomesactive, while for t