2019高考英语基础保分篇第七讲虚拟语气讲与练新人教版

1、4if引导的谎拟条件句丨were you J would 0 there.如果我是你我会去那半，:;含薪说拟茱件句(with, withciut * but forTbut?or, utherwise) : I was busy then；otherwise, I would have妙ne with you+我当时太忙不然找也同枷一起去了 * 错.综时 端器件句：lyou had laktn the (eficlitrs advici1 2 3 41IUTIyou would have M good jol.是你年时听了老师的建议现在就会有一份好丄作虚拟条件句省略if话的倒坡：巒iTE I

2、you ( = If 1 were you) 11 would be happy.假如我是 ,你.我就伞懾 Cwi訪后的宾语从句中：I wish 1 were tallerM是更离一点就好了.if iiiily后的旬子中土If only I had takci his advice,我要尽听了他的建议就好了as if/lhaugh从句中j Mr. T.i spciks English as if he were an American.李老匝说英谱就像_个美 国人.would rather后的旬子巾j 1 would rmther you hadnt told me about il.我宇愿你

3、渔有告叶JE冇关师件宇的怡呪I毒示坚持;、命令粗i丈、匕：求*诃后的冷聲名i可性从句中：It h；n he ( Nhuuld 即tu(should ) btd earlier*他屮点睡；动b丫；H 示)It is necessary/ naiunl/impoictdikt str風ngR后0勺ih*从句T t It ift ntcessaEyi UM all mistakes ,(whoukl)b corm i cd. i*S( !n很fl密 *川讨虫或或should不能省1略动同JjjK H? 7K t it is lime.斤的lhai从句屮匸Iis lime iltai you -niH

4、(Wslioulitn$ltE up your mind io study hard+是你该下定决心需力学列的时候了。注意虚拟条件句与主句的谓语动词一一与现在事实或将来可能的事实相反，从句用一般过去时(be 用 were);与将来可能的事实相反时还可用were to/should +动词原形，主句用 would/should/could/might+动词原形；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/should/could/might have+过去分词。=熱读深思读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线及黑体部分。思考：什么情况下用虚拟语气；虽同是虚拟语气，但什么情况下用过去式

5、表示，什么情况下用(should +动词原形)表示。2My deskmate, Mary, treats meas_if_she_ were my sister. She is nice but fat.3If_she_ were not so fat , she would look like a super model. Last year, a doctor4advised that she ( should ) eat more vegetables and fruits. He also made知识网络第七讲虚拟语气李仕才第一课时 知识过关课川过去式表示(时态注前托宀虚拟语气a_s

6、uggestion that she ( should ) work outregularly.Besides,he225insisted_ that_she _( should)walktoschool.If_she_ had_followed _the_ doctor s_advice,_she_ would_not_be _so_fat_ _now6. In other words,if_the_doctor_had_persuadedher to do so, shewould_not_have_becomeoverweight.This morning, Mary s mother

7、bought her a new dress. It was really nice. Butafter she tried it on, she couldnt help shouting,“ If_ only_ I_ were8a littlethinner!_How_I_wish_I_had nt_eate n9so much junk food before!”Were_ Mary,_ Iwould_ make10aweightlossplan.If_ l_became_ overweight_ _in _future , I would do11sports every day. N

8、ow it_is_high_ time_she_ changed12her lifestyle. Without a healthy lifestyle, shewouldnt_be 问 able to lose weight. I would_rather_ she_ _ wen 严 swimming withme, but she insists_ that_water_sports_are 问 not suitable for her. So16it_ is_ necessary _that _she ( should ) walk to school.1.在 as if/as thou

9、gh , even if/even though 引导的状语从句或表语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。2.表示与现在事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，（be 一般用 were），主句的谓语用 would/should/could/might+动词原形。3 5.在 in sist , suggest , advise , order , comma nd propose , dema nd, require , request等后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用“ should +动词原形”，其中的should 可以省略

10、。在suggestio n , advice , order , comma nd dema nd, requireme nt , request 等名词后面的表 语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“ should +动词原形”，其中的 should 可以省略。6. 错综条件句：有时 if 从句中的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根 据他们表示的时间加以调整。本句的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。7. 表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时，即“ had+过去分词”，主句用“ would/should/could/might + have + 过

11、去分词”。89.在表示愿望的动词 wish 后的宾语从句和 If only（但愿）引出的句子中，需用虚拟语气。 表示与现在事实相反，从句或 if only 后的句子的谓语动词用一般过去时； 与过去事实相反， 从句或 if only 后3的句子的谓语动词用过去完成时。10.如果 if 从句中含有 were, had 或 should，可将 if 省略，然后将 were , had 或 should 提前至主语前，即从句可用半倒装。11. 表示与将来事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用一般过去时，或用were to/should+动词原形”，主句用would/should/could/might

12、 +动词原形” 。12. 在 It is (high) time that 后的从句中，谓语动词用should(不能省略)+动词原形”或一般过去时都可以。13. 含蓄条件从句：用连词 otherwise , or, but 或用介词 but for , without 等暗示前面的条件。与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。其中介词 but for , without 表示的虚拟语气，可和 if 引导的假设条件状语从句替换。14. would (had) rather, would sooner 用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词

13、用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。15. 动词 insist 表坚持认为，坚持说，坚持某种说法”；suggest 表暗示，表明”时，后面从句不用虚拟语气。16. 在 it isnecessary (important, natural , strange , surprising) that 弓丨导的主语从句中，主语从句中的谓语动词用“(should) +动词原形”。、灵I.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)1f I were(be) you, I would do it in a different way.2f you had followed my adv

14、ice just now, you would_be(be) fine now.3.He hesitated for a mome nt before kicki ng the ball, otherwise he would have scored(score) a goal.4.If I had(have) a milli on dollars, I would first don ate some of the money to poorchildre n in remote mountainous areas.5.The doctor ordered that she (should)

15、 stay(stay) in bed for a few days.6.It is very important that you (should) master(master) the skills of computer.7.English teachers give advice that we (should) make(make) good use of every chanee to speak English.8.It is high time that we took/should take(take) some measures to protect the wild an

16、imals.9. How I wish every family had(have) a large house with a beautiful garde n!2410. Jane s pale face suggested that she was(be) ill, and her parents suggested that she (hould)_have(have) a medical exam in ati on.n.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1. How I wish there are 28 hours a da

17、y so that I had more time for fun.are were2. Had he worked hard years ago, he would become very rich.在 become 前力口 have3.If I were a boy again, I will remember that a good skater never tries to skatein two direct ions at on ce.will would4.But the fact that China is also affected by the global economi

18、c crisis, we wouldhave fewer workers now. 在 But 后力口 for5.It might have been done better if you have been more careful.第二个 havehad6.1 actually believe that we would be in Xi an now if you hadn t caught drunk while drivi ng last month.在 caught 前力口 been7.It is high time that we establish an hon est and

19、 fair system of education. establish established 或在establish 前力口 should8. Mr. Li, my English teacher, speaks English as if he is an Englishman.is were9. Tibet is so mysteriously described by some people that I think if only I can go there. cancould10.1 d rather he goes to the theatre tomorrow.goeswe

20、nt川.语篇填空(阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。)Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1._(be) the same pers on.Both the two boys are smart, but Tomis hard working while Peter is lazy.Tom alwayswins the first place in the exams, which suggests that he 2._( be ) hardworking. Pete

21、r could do better, 3._he doesn t want to work hard.Peoplebelieve if Peter 4._ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brotherin his study.At home, their pare nts make a suggesti on that they 5._ (do) the dishesin tur n and in sist that they 6._(fini sh) their homework before play ing5compu

22、ter games. But Peter insists that it 7._ (be) also OKto play games firstas long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end.One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So, he put theexercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the

23、 previous exercise book, hestruck out Toms name and signed his name on its cover happily, and handed it in as his ownhomework the next day.When the teacher told the truth to the twins mother, sh e kept silent firstbut her expression suggested that she 8._ ( be ) angry. Later, she shoutedat Peter: “

24、How I wish you 9._ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it stime that I 10._ (give) you a good lesson. And I insist that you 11._(not play) any computer games for a whole month too. Remember to do as I ask you to ， 12. ， youwould be forbidden to touch the computer for a year！”“ Oh, no! Mom.13._ com

25、puter for such a long time, I would die. I wouldrather you 14. _ (ask) meto do the dishes for a month alone. ” Peter was upset.“ If you 15._ _ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn tbe punished now. ” said the mother.【语篇导读】 汤姆和彼特虽然长得很像且都很聪明，但学习上却一勤一懒，各不相同，甚 至有一次彼特还因偷懒，投机取巧，闹出了笑话。1.wer

26、e as if 引导的表语从句是与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语用一般过去时，be 一 般用 were。2.is suggests 表示“表明，说明”，其后的宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气。 3.but “本来可以做得更好”与“不愿努力学”是转折关系，故用连词but 。4.worked if 表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时。5.(should) do 在表示“建议”的 suggestion 后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用 (should) do。 6.(should) finish 在 insist 表示“坚决要求”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语动词用26“ (should) 动词原形

27、”。 7.is 该句的 insists 表示“坚持认为”，其宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气。 8.was suggested 表示“表明，说明”，其宾语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气。 9.were 在表示愿望的 wish 后的宾语从句，其宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在 的愿望。10.gave 或 should give 在 It s time that 句型的 that 从句中，谓语动词用一般过去时或should +动词原形”。ll.(should) not play 句中 insist 表示坚决要求”，其宾语从句的谓语用(should)+动词原形”。12.or/otherwise 由后面句

28、中的谓语 would be 可知，前面用 or 或 otherwise( 否则)来表示虚拟条件。13. Without由后面的 would die 可知，填 without 表示虚拟条件。14. asked在 would rather 后的从句中，用一般过去时表示现在或将来。15. had fin ished表示与过去事实相反的情况，虚拟条件句的谓语用过去完成时。第二课时写作增分课虚拟语气在写作中的增分点一、使用“虚拟语气”表达“愿望”1.我多么希望我能更聪明一些，精力更充沛一些。(how I wish, more intelligent, more en ergetic)How wish l

29、_ were_more_intelligent_and more_energetic.2.要是我上初中时没把时间浪费在看小说上该多好啊。no vels, in junior high school)hadntwasted the time in_eading no vels whe n I was in junior_ high_ school.3.是该你尽最大努力来赶上别人的时候了。(it s high timethat, catch up with others)Itshigh time that you tried/should try your best to catch_up wit

30、 h others.4. 我想你明天还是不来的好。(I would rather)l_ would, rather yo_ didntcome tomorrow.5. 他在课堂上如此昏昏欲睡，好像他几天都没睡过觉一样。(sleepy, in class, as if)(if only, waste time in doing, readIf_onlyI7He was _sleepy i_class as_if he_ hadnt_ slept a_w ink for sever 0_days.6.我感到如此恶心。 我希望母亲没有逼我吃那么多。(sick, wish, force)I_feel

31、so_sick.I wish Mum_ had ntforced me t_e _so_much.二、在写作中巧妙运用虚拟条件句1.如果当时我身上钱足够的话，我就把那本书买下来了。If_ I _ had_ eno ugh_ money with_ me at that_time, _ I would _ _have bought _t _ he_book.2. 如果明天下雨，野餐将会取消。(put off, until next week;条件句用三种方法翻译)If_it_rained/should_rain/were_to_rain_tomorrow,_the_picnic would_be

32、_ can celled.3. 如果你过去学英语方法正确的话，你的英语现在就不会这么糟。(learn English in theright way, so bad)f_you_h _learned_ English in the _right _way,_ i _ wouldnt_be_soba d_now./Had_ youlearned_ English_ _in 空=right_way _，it_ wouldnt- _beso=_bad_ now.4. 如果计划有变化，我会立即通知你。(should there be, change, the plan, inform,immediat

33、ely)Should there_be any_ change_ about_ the _plan,_ I would _inform _you_immed _iately.5. 要是你再早一点儿来的话，你就不会受到惩罚了。(had you, punish)Had_ you _come _earlier,_ yo _ wouldnt_ave_ been_ punished./lf_ you_ ad_c _ ome earlier,youwouldnthave been punished.三、学会熟练使用含蓄条件句1. 在竞赛中他本可以得金牌，但他却在比赛开始时就摔倒了。(win a gold medal, but, fallover)He could have won a_gold medal, but he_ell o