Unit2Cloning教案

1、Unit 2 Cloning. 单元教学目标技能目标Skill GoalsTalk about cloningPractice expressing and supporting an opinionUse the appositive clauseWrite a composition about cloning. 目标语言功 能 句 式Expressing and supporting an opinionIm happy to accept. but.I would never accept.Im not bothered about.I dont mind but.I hope you

2、ll carry on.Are you sure you want to.?I agree with you that.Is it fair to.?Do you think it is wise to.?I think you should.Well done to you for.I dont understand why you dont.I cant help thinking.I could never agree to.词 汇四会词汇Differ exact twin commercial straightforward undertake breakthrough procedu

3、re carrier cast altogether arbitrary correction object objection medium obtain attain moral conservative forbid accumulate constitution compulsory opera chorus loaf flour owe shortly retire bother assumption regulation strike initial vain resist drawback merely decoration unable feather turkey claw

4、adore hatch reasonable 2词组cast down, object to, the media, in favour of， （be）bound to（do）., from time to time, bring back to life, pay off, in vain结 构Appositive clause that 可引导同位语从句重点句子It is a way of. The fact is that. The question that occurred . The advantage is that. . 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以Cloning

5、为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解克隆技术的优缺点，学会表达和支持个人观点，能用所学的有关Cloning的词汇去表述自己对这一新技术的观点和看法。1.1 Warming Up提供了四幅有关Dolly the sheep(多莉羊)，A strawberry plant(草莓植物)，Identical dogs(克隆狗) ，Twins（双胞胎婴儿）的图片，让学生用已有的知识和经验讨论对克隆技术的看法与观点。1.2 Listening是关于人类克隆的听力材料，难度中等。1.3 Speaking根据材料，四人小组合作，要求把自己对克隆婴儿的态度和感觉用相关的语言表达出来。语言要得体，锻炼语段表达能力

6、。1.4 Pre-reading是Reading的热身活动，它要求采用与同学讨论交流的方式谈论有关克隆的相关知识。1.5 Reading是一篇介绍克隆技术的说明文。1.6 Comprehending第一题所给出的表格让学生根据课文内容列举克隆技术的优缺点；第二题让学生根据所拥有的知识来评价作者的观点；第三题要求学生用自己的语言阐述对克隆技术的观点并给出理由。 1.7 Learning about Language分词汇和语法两部分，其中Discovering useful words and expressions是根据语境在运用中掌握词汇。Discovering useful structu

7、res 是通过阅读和补全句子来练习。1.8 Using Language中的Reading，Discussing and writing要求学生先读, 然后再完成四个任务型的作业，即 1. 讨论并回答三个问题；2. 讨论几种已经灭绝的动物，并且讨论哪种动物应该被恢复到这个世界上，并且给出理由；3. Listening and speaking 让学生根据所听到的内容选择并列出文中人物观点。2. 课型设计与课时分配1st PeriodReading2nd PeriodLanguage points3rd Period Learning about Language4th Period Gramm

8、ar5th Period Using Language 6th Period Writing. 分课时教案ReadingTeaching goals教学目标1. Target language 目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语clone, commercial, producer, undertake, arbitrary, object, forbid, accumulate, cast down, object to, the media, in favour ofb. 重点句子It is a way of.The fact is that.The question that occurred

9、 .2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to describe cloning: What is the advantages of cloning？ What is the problems or dangers of cloning？What is your opinion of cloning？3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to describe cloning.Teaching important points 教学重点 How to describe cl

10、oning. Teaching difficult points 教学难点Help the students analyze the writing techniques of the article.Teaching methods 教学方法Skimming, task-based method and debate method.Teaching aids 教具准备A recorder, a projector and some slides. Teaching procedures && ways教学过程与方式Step I Warming upThis topic is

11、difficult for students. So teacher should help the students learn more about it. Do this in the way of asking and answering questions.T: You can imagine how rapidly the modern science and technology develop. I think most of you must know something about space traveling, submarine exploration, robot,

12、 maglev train, gene engineering etc. But in recent years, a hot topic, cloning is often mentioned, especially when the cloning Dolly the sheep appeared. You may have first heard of cloning when Dolly the Sheep showed up on the scene in 1997. Cloning technologies have been around for much longer than

13、 Dolly, though. First thing first, what is cloning and a clone? The dictionary says cloning is the technique of producing a genetically identical duplicate of an organism. A clone is said to be all descendants derived asexually from a single individual, as by cuttings, bulbs, by fission, by mitosis,

14、 or by parthenogenesis reproduction. It sounds very different and complicated to us. In fact, I mean, in our daily life, this happens often. For example, gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. You often see that your mother picks a small branch from a growing plant to make a n

15、ew one. If she likes this kind of flowers, she can do cloning. Cloning also happens in animals or human beings when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is more complicated. The po

16、ssibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep “Dolly”, aroused worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. You can give your questions if you are interested in this topic. I am here today one o

17、f the scientists who work in this field. I am ready to answer any of your questions.S: Now we know what is cloning. Are there different types of cloning?T: When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different type

18、s of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal deci

19、sions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning. S: Was Dolly created by what cloning? And why was Dolly so important?T: Reproductive cloning is a technology used to gener

20、ate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Dolly was created by reproductive cloning technology. She was the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA taken from an adult cell. Previously, animals had only been cloned using embryo cells which alrea

21、dy have the potential to become a complete embryo in its own right. The big breakthrough with Dolly was to make a clone from an ordinary, adult cell in this case from a female goats udder.S: Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this feature film, scientists use DNA preserved for tens of millions of years

22、 to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expected. Could we really clone dinosaurs?T: In theory? Yes. What would you need to do this? A well-preserved source of DNA from the extinct dinosaur, and a closely related speci

23、es, currently living, that could serve as a surrogate mother. In reality? Probably not. Its not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. However, scientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from well-preserved tissue samples.More

24、questions about cloning are given in the appendix. The information above is for reference only. Or you can choose several students and ask them to act out a short play whose main topic is as follows:An old man who was dying left all his fortune to his own son. But he did not know that his son was cl

25、oned. So two same young men both claimed that they were the old mans son. They quarreled and fought with each other; at last they went to the judge. The judge let them check DNA. The result was that their DNA was the same. Now even the judge did not know what to do.In this part the teacher can give

26、the students some advice to act out. According to this play teacher ask the students several questions: 1. Do you want to be cloned or not? Why? 2. If you are the judge what will you do?3. Can you tell me the advantages of cloning?4. And what is the disadvantage?DiscussionIn this part the students w

27、ill discuss the relationship between the development of technology and social customs. T: As the technology develops day by day, it has a more and more important influence on the whole society. Technology affects social customs and ethics, sometimes technology may go against the conventional thinkin

28、g, then comes the problem that whether we should stop the development of research or change the ethics.S1: As technology develops in almost every field, a lot of our original customs and ethics changed, either because they are out of time or not so scientific. For example millions of years ago human

29、 ate meat of animals without heating them. Later people used fire and no longer ate raw meat and they also used fire to scare dangerous animals.S2: I think we could not stop the development of technology, for it may develop in the way which is acceptable by social customs.Look at picturesT: Look at

30、the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Then explain how they differ.S: I think the twins are natural clones and the Dolly sheep is man-made.T: You are right! Can you explain how they differ?S: The twins were born at the same time, but the Dolly sheep is m

31、an-made.T: Anything else? Who want have a try?S: I think the identical dog is man-made.T: Good job!Step Pre-reading Ask students to search for some information about this topic. Now show your questions on the screen, and then let them discuss with each other.Questions about cloning:1. What is a clon

32、e?2. How is a clone produced?3. What benefits can humans gain from cloning?4. What problems may arise when humans are cloned?Suggest answers:1. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.2. This happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones,

33、 and when small parts of a plant are taken and gown in a laboratory. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.3. It can help cure disease and can help couples who have no baby to bear a new baby.4. There may be more bad people like

34、 Hitler.Step While-reading1. Read the text quickly and complete its main idea.The text is mainly about the 1. _ of animal cloning and the life of Dolly the sheep, as well as the reasons why cloning is still 2. _. Keys: procedure, controversial2. Read through the passage and find the main idea of eac

35、h paragraph.Para. 1 Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.Para. 2 Cloning has two major uses.Para. 3 The problems of Dolly.Para. 4 The effect of Dolly.Para. 5 It is forbidden to clone human being.Step Detailed-reading 1. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.D

36、efinitionCloning is a way of making _ of another animal and plant.Major uses of cloning Gardeners use it to _ commercial quantities of plants. It is valuable for research on new plant species and for _ research on animals.Keys: an exact copy, produce, medicalAbout Dolly the sheep Encouraging news: D

37、olly seemed to develop _. Disturbing news: Dolly lived only six and a half years, half the length of the life of the _ sheep, because of serious illnesses which were more appropriate to a _.Keys: normally, original, much older animal2. Choose the best answer.1. As for the cloning procedure of Dolly

38、the sheep, all of the following are true EXCEPT _.A. the lamb is the clone of the donated cell from sheep BB. electricity is neededC. female sheep B provides an egg cellD. three female sheep are used2. From the last paragraph we know that _.A. cloning will come to an end because of objections B. clo

39、ned human beings will be produced in the near futureC. many countries will use cloning in a wise wayD. all the research into human cloning will be forbidden Keys: C, C3. Write the letter“T” if the statement is true. Write“F” if it is false. 1) Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. 2)

40、Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants. 3) Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. 4) Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. 5) Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants. Keys: F, T, F, T, TStep DiscussionLook at the pictures, and discuss th

41、is question with your partner.Is cloning people a good thing or a bad thing?反对克隆人1.克隆技术现在还不成熟, 克隆人可能有很多先天性生理缺陷。2.克隆人的身份难以认定, 他们与被克隆者之间的关系无法纳入现有的伦理体系。3. 克隆技术有可能被滥用, 成为恐怖分子的工具。4. 从生物多样性上来说, 大量基因结构完全相同的克隆人, 可能诱发新型疾病的广泛传播, 对人类的生存不利。支持克隆人1. “不让我们克隆人, 就是不让我们修正我们的错误, 人类历史难道能够这样构造吗？” 纽约时报书评2. “当然应该克隆人, 如果谁第

42、一个掌握了这个技术, 他就是我真正的、也是唯一的竞争对手。” 比尔·盖茨3. “克隆人绝对是科学上了不起的进步, 克隆技术必将创造21世纪的辉煌。” 麻省理工学院教授 约翰 · 布洛克4. “人体商业化是人类经济活动中无与伦比的成就, 毫无疑问, 克隆技术的出现将为世人创造一个最为广泛和深远的市场。” 英国经济学家杂志Step ConsolidationReproductive cloning is intended to produce a c_ of an existing a_ or a plant. Reproductive cloning of animals i

43、s a_ for technology and farming as well as for cloning e_ animals. But reproductive cloning of human beings is specifically f_ by law in most c_. Therapeutic (治疗的) cloning is to produce a healthy copy of a s_ persons tissue (肌肉组织) or organ for transplant in order to save the lives of those who would

44、 d_ without it. This t_ would be many times better than r_ on organ transplants from other people. The tissue or organ would have the sick persons original DNA. Keys: copy, animal, allowed, endangered, forbidden, countries, sick, die, technique, relyingStep HomeworkFinish activities 2 and 3 on Page

45、12.Language pointsTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language目标语言a. 词汇和短语differ, undertake, object, obtain, forbid, accumulate, pay off, cast down, in favor ofb. 重点句子1. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hop

46、ing to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. 2. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 3. However, scientists still won

47、der whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. 2. Ability goals能力目标Let the students focus on the language points.3. Learning ability goals学能目标Teach the students some basic use of the vocabulary, phrases and sentences.Teaching important points 教学重点Vocabulary and phrasesTeaching

48、difficult points 教学难点Sentence patternTeaching procedures 教学过程Step Vocabulary1. Think about how they differ. differ vi. different, difference 常见的结构有：differ from . 与不同differ in 在方面不同differ with sb. on / about / over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不同 【典型例题】Thoughts of Oriental (东方人) differ much _ westerners in a number

49、 of ways.A. between B. between those C. from D. from those of【点拨】此处应该用指代的词，结构和thoughts of一样，但用those代替。 D用适当的介词填空。1) Im sorry to differ _ you _ the matter.2) The customs here differ _ those of the south.3) The two girls differ _ language.4) There are many differences _ living in the city and living i

50、n the countryside.2. It is a difficult task to undertake. undertake vt. 观察示例: The procedure is difficult to undertake, of course. 当然, 这个过程很难实施。 The scientist undertakes the experiment. 科学家从事这项实验。 I can undertake the responsibility for the changes. 我愿意承担这些变革的责任。The lawyer undertook a new case. 那个律师接了

51、一个新的案子。 undertake是及物动词, 主要有两个义项: 着手做, 从事, 进行; 担任, 承担, 答应, 同意。 完成下列句子。1) He will _ _ _ next month (去旅行).2) He _ _ _ _ (承担一项新任务).3. , Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections object v. 不赞成, 反对 n. 物品, 目标 派生词 objection n. 不赞成, 反对常用搭配 object to sth./doing sth. 反对(做)某事 object to sb. 反对某人object that

52、反对have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth. 对表示反对raise an objection to (doing) sth. 对提出异议 归纳拓展：object 不及物动词时后接介词to或against; 及物动词时可接that引导的从句。objection 与have, take, feel等连用构成词组：have objection to take objection tofeel objection to 句型转换。1) Have you any objection to my opening the window? = Would you

53、_ _ my opening the window? 2) take objection to smoking. = I _ _ smoking.3) “But he is too young,” she argued. = She _ that he was too young.4. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, obtain vt. 观察示例: Meanwhile you will obtain a lot of inf

54、ormation. 同时你将获得大量的知识。 She obtained her doctors degree in 1996. 她1996年获得博士学位。 The books can be obtained from the library. 这些书可以在图书馆里取得。His achievement obtained him great fame. 他的成就使得他获得很大的名声。 辨析：obtain, get, gainobtain指通过努力从特定的地方获得非常想要的东西。get指得到, 所取得的东西不一定跟努力、意志有关。gain指通过努力取得对自己有益或有价值的东西。 将下列句子译成汉语。

55、1) She has obtained a driving licence. _2) He obtained entrance to Beijing University. _5. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, forbid vt. 词义 vt. (to command someone not to do something) 禁止, 不准反义词 allow 允许, 准许 常用搭配 forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止(做)某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid that 禁止 allow sth./doing sth. 允许(做)某事 allow sb. to