2016届动词时态语态概要

1、1 动词时态语态一、动词的分类1按用法分实义动词及物动词宾语双宾语复合宾语不及物动词连系动词： be，seem，sound，turn，become等助动词bedoingdonehave（has，had）donebeen doingdo（ does，did）will ，shall，would，should情态动词： may，can，must，might，could等2按意义分延续性动词： live ，last，keep 等非延续性动词：die，leave，come等3按句法功能谓语动词：动词原形；动词的第三人称单数；动词的过去时； be动词的现在分词；have/has/had动词过去分词；be动

2、词过去分词；情态动词动词原形等均可构成谓语非谓语动词不定式构成：（ to）动词原形功能：除谓语动词之外的任何成分动名词构成： v.- ing功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语分词构成： v.- ing/v.- ed（规则变化）功能：表语、补语、定语、状语二、动词的时态和语态(注：加 *号为高中将要学到的时态和语态) 2 时态一般体一般现在时：表示经常或反复发生的动作；表示现在的情况和状态；表示永恒的真理；用于时间、条件、让步状语从句代替一般将来时一般过去时：表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态；表示过去时间内经常或习惯性的动作或状态；用于时间、条件、让步状语从句代替一般将来时时态一般体一般将来

3、时1.“will/shall do sth. ”表示将来发生的事情2.“be going to do sth.”表示计划、安排将要做的事；表示说话者根据现在的迹象推断即将发生的事3.“be about to do sth.”表示马上就要发生的动作，不与具体时间状语连用，可与when引导的句子连用4. “be to do sth.”表示计划、安排要做的事或按职责、义务要求必须要做的事情5.现在进行时表将来：表示按计划、安排要做的事情6.一般现在时表将来：表示严格按照原定计划、时刻表将要发生的事情过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中时态进行体现在进行时：表示

4、说话者正在进行的动作；表示目前一段时间内正在做的事情，但说话时未必在做；常与always等连用，表示说话者的生气、不满、赞扬等情感色彩过去进行时：表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作*将来进行时：表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作或因为已经做好的安排，认为肯定会发生的动作3 时态完成体现在完成时：表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响；某一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，甚至到将来过去完成时：表示过去某事情发生前已经发生的事情（即过去的过去）；到过去某一时间已经发生的事情*将来完成时：表示到将来某一时刻已经发生的事情时态完成进行体*现在完成进行时：动作开始于过去并延续到现在且强调现在还在进行*过去完成进行时：某一动

5、作开始于过去的某一时刻之前并延续到过去的那个时刻且强调那个时刻还在进行语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态定义：主语是动作的承受者用法各种时态的被动语态形式主动形式表被动意义(2013 北京卷 ) 1. shakespeares play hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. a. had been made . b. was made c. has been made d. would be made (2013 北京卷 ) 2. - do you think mom and dad _ late?

6、 - no, swiss air is usually on time. a. were b. will be c. would be d. have been (2013 北京卷 ) 3. hurry up! mark and carl _ us. a. expect b. are expecting c. have expected d. will expect (2013 北京卷 ) 4. - so what is the procedure? - all the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.

7、 a. interview b. are interviewing c. are interviewed d. are being interviewed (2013 福建卷 ) 5.the famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 taipei flower expo. 4 a. were invited b. was invited c. have been invited d. has been invited (2013 福建卷 ) 6.the g

8、irl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. a. took b. is taking c. takes d. has been taking (2013 湖南卷 ) 7. “what do you want to be？” asked mrs. crawford. “oh，i_ president ，” said the boy, with a smile.a. have been b. am c. was d. will be (2013 湖

9、南卷 ) 8. around two oclock every night, sue will start talking in her dream. it somewhat _ us. a. bothers b. had bothered c. would bother d. bothered (2013 湖南卷 ) 9. if nothing _， the oceans will turn into fish deserts. a. does b. had been done c. will do d. is done (2013 湖南卷 ) 10. have you heard abou

10、t the recent election? sure, it _the only thing on the news for the last three days. a. would be b. is c. has been d. will be (2013 湖南卷 ) 11. i dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. im so sorry, but i _ my homework. a. had done b. was doing c. would do d. am doing (201

11、3 江苏卷 ) 12. generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development. a. is b. are c. was d. were (2013 江苏卷 ) 13. could i use your car tomorrow morning? sure. i _ a report at home. a. will be writing b. will have written c. have written d. have been wr

12、iting (2013 江苏卷 ) 14. “never for a second,” the boy says, “_ that my father would come to my rescue.”a. i doubted b. do i doubt c. i have doubted d. did i doubt (2013 江苏卷 ) 15. what about your self-drive trip yesterday? tiring! the road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride. a. had b. have c. woul

13、d have d. have had (2013江西卷 ) 16.i _ to visit you later that day, but i had to phone and cancel. a. come b. came c. am coming d. was coming 5 (2013 辽宁卷 17. he was unhappy when he sold his guitar. after all, he _ it for a very long time. a. has had b. had had c. has d. had (2013 辽宁卷 ) 18. at no time

14、_ the rules of the game. it was unfair to punish them. a. they actually broke b. do they actually break c. did they actually break d. they had actually broken (2013 辽宁卷 ) 19. we are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. a. had been improved b. will be improved

15、c. is improved d. was improved (2013 山东卷 ) 20. i didnt think id like the movie, but actually it _ pretty good.a. has been b. was c. had been d. would (2013 山东卷 ) 21. - oh no! we re too late. the train _. -that s ok. we ll catch the next train to londona. was leaving b. had left c. has left d. has be

16、en leaving (2013 陕西卷 ) 22. on monday mornings it usually _ me an hours to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles a. takes b. is taking c. took d. will take (2013 陕西卷 ) 23. jim _ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.

17、a. watched b. had watched c. was watching d. would be watching (2013上海卷) 24. bob called to tell his mother that he couldnt enter the house, for he _ his key at school. a. had left b. would leave c. was leaving d. has left (2013 上海卷 ) 25. the school board is made up of parents who _ to make decisions

18、 about school affairs. a. had been elected b. had elected c. have been elected d. have elected (2013 四川卷 ) 26. hurry up, kids! the school bus _ for us! a. waits b. was waiting c. waited d. is waiting (2013 天津卷 ) 27. the water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _ one of the main

19、pipes. 6 a. had repaired b. have repaired c. repaired d. are repairing (2013 新课标 ii 卷) 28. we _ very early so we packed the night before. a. leave b. had left c. were leaving d. have left (2013 新课标 i 卷) 29. if we _ now to protect the environment, well live to regret it. a. hadn t acted b. haven t ac

20、ted c. don t act d. won t act (2013 新课标 i 卷) 30. when i first met bryan i didnt like him, but i _ my mind. a. have changed b. change c. had changed d.would change (2013 浙江卷 ) 31. during the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _ sharply. a was increasin

21、g b. has increased c. had increased d. will be increasing (2013 重庆卷 ) 32. i felt very tired when i got home, and i _ straight to bed. a. go b. went c. had gone d. have gone (2013 重庆卷 ) 33. a midsummer nights dream _ at the theatre royal on 19th june, and then tours throughout scotland. a. opens b. i

22、s opened c. will open d. will be opened 2014 安徽卷 34. the twins, who _ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. a. will finish b. finish c. have finished d. had finished 2014 北京卷 35. hi, lets go skating. sorry, im busy right now. i _ in an application form for a new job. a. f

23、ill b. have filled c. am filling d. will fill 2014 北京卷 36. what time is it? i have no idea. but just a minute ，i _ it for you. a. check b. checked c. will check d. would check 2014 北京卷 37.i found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when i arrived. a. started b. was starting c. would start d. had

24、 started 2014 全国大纲卷 38. unless some extra money _ ， the theatre will close. a. was found b. finds c. is found d. found 2014 全国大纲卷 39. the reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since. 7 a. sees b. saw c. has seen d. had seen 2014 福建卷 40. havent seen you for ages! where have you been? i went

25、to ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. a. stayed b. stay c. had stayed d. am staying 2014 湖南卷 41. since the time humankind started gardening, we _ to make our environment more beautiful. a. try b. have been trying c. are trying d. will try 2014 湖南卷 42. whenever you _ a present

26、, you should think about it from the receivers point of view. a. bought b. have bought c. will buy d. buy 2014 江苏卷 43. how much do you know about the youth olympic games to be held in nanjing? well, the media _ it in a variety of forms. a. cover b. will cover c. have covered d. covered 2014 江西卷 44.

27、tony, why are your eyes red? i _ up peppers for the last five minutes. a. cut b. was cutting c. had cut d. have been cutting 2014 山东卷 45. writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. a. will expect b. are expecting c. expect d. had expected 2014 山东卷 46.they made up their

28、 mind that they_ a new house once larry changed jobs. a. bought b. would buy c. have bought d. had bought 2014 陕西卷 47. during his stay in xian, jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends _. a. would recommend b. had recommended c. have recommended d. were recommending 2014 四川卷 48. she _ some

29、one, so i nodded to her and went away. a. phoned b. had phoned c. was phoning d. has phoned 2014 天津卷 49. we wont start the work until all the preparations _. a. are being made b. will be made c. have been made d. had been made 2014 浙江卷 50.sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression

30、that she _ most of the guests before. a. has seen b. had seen c. saw d. would see 8 2014 重庆卷 51. youd better write down her phone number before you _ it. a. forget b. are forgetting c. forgot d. will forget 2014 重庆卷 52.james has just arrived, but i didnt know he _ until yesterday. a. will come b. wa

31、s coming c. had come d. came (2015 北京卷 ) 53.dr. jackson is not in his office at the moment. all right. i_ him later. a. will call b. have called c. call d will be calling (2015 江苏卷 )54. the real reason why prices _, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily expla

32、in this problem. a. were b. will be c. have been d. had been （2015天津卷） 55. jane can t attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. a. will teach b. would teach c. has taught d. will be teaching （2015天津卷） 56. despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so

33、far by the two sides. a. has been reached b. was reached c. will reach d. will have reached （2015浙江卷）57. albert einstein was born in 1879. as a child, few people guessed that he _a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. a. has been b. had been c. was going to be d. was （2015苏北三模） 58

34、. don t worry. when he kept silent, mr. white _ his approval for our plan. a. would show b. is showing c. was showing d. has shown （2015 苏北三模） 59. simon _ his father for such a long time that he understands almost every gesture of his fathers.a. attends b. had attended c. would attend d. has attende

35、d （2015苏北二模） 60. - what s the result of the basketball match?- you see, the rain _ it and the second half is put off till next pe class. a. ruined b. is ruining c. will ruin d. had ruined （2015苏北二模） 61. i hear a tibetan student in your school_ and that youve raised money for him.9 well, the doctors

36、are considering a conservative therapy. a. was operated on b. will be operated on c. is being operated on d. has been operated on （2015苏北四市一模）62. global oil prices_ since june as demand weakens in china and europe while output in the united states grows steadily. a. fell b. had fallen c. were fallin

37、g d. have been falling （2015苏北四市一模） 63. -how long do you expect it _ before the african can keep the disease under control? -as soon as possible. a. is b. has been c. will be d. will have been （2014苏北四市一模） 64. do you have any plan for the coming holiday? i thought i might stay with my parents, but s

38、omething unexpected_. a. has occurred b. had occurred c. was occurring d. would occur （2014苏北四市一模） 65. -when did you last see mary? -on a cold morning when i _ my way to the station. a. made b. was making c. had made d. had been making (2014 徐州三模 )66. - i dont remember having ever seen john since la

39、st week. has he gone somewhere? - not really. he _ his newly-bought apartment. a. has decorated b. was decoratingc. decoratedd. has been decorating (2014 徐州三模 )67. - mr. li will drive us to shanghai tomorrow. 一 but i suppose taking a train would be a better choice: he like crazy, you know. a. drives

40、 b. will drive c. is driving d. drove (2015 届苏锡常镇二模 ) 68. havent seen you for ages! where have you been? i _ in xinjiang for one year, volunteering services as a doctor. a. have stayed b. stay c. stayed d. am staying (2015 苏锡常镇一模 ) 69. hi, peter. why didnt you go to the cinema last night? 一 i the po

41、pular show dad, where are we going? with my family. a. was watching b. have watched c. would watch d. had watched (2014 苏锡常镇二模 )70. has nancy gone back to her home in the uk? yes. she _ here only for three days with her friend. a. stayed b. had stayed c. has stayed d. is staying (2014 苏锡常镇二模 ) 71.gu

42、ess what! we ll have a chance to visit our sister school 10 in denmark this summer! how nice! you _ a different culture then. a. will have experienced b. have experienced c. have been experiencing d. will be experiencing (2014 苏锡常镇一模 )72. weibo as well as wechatas a media platform for people to shar

43、e their thoughts instantly without limits of place or time. a. serves b. is served c. serve d. are served (2014 苏锡常镇一模 )73. -i hear that our company has failed to promote a new product. -oh, no wonder the manager so disappointed this week. a. was acting b. is acting c. had acted d. will act (2013 苏锡

44、常镇二模 )74. was he still there when you were away to answer the phone? there is no doubt about it, but he _ soon afterwards. a. had left b. has left c. is leaving d. left (2013 苏锡常镇一模 ) 75.its true that we dont know what weve got until we lose it, but its also true that we dont know what we until it a

45、rrives. a. had missed b. missed c. have been missing d. will have missed (2015 南京三模 )76. - whats this? i hear about your appearing on the six oclock news. - oh that. some people _ something on campus and i just happened to pass in front of the camera. a. filmed b. had filmed c. were filming d. have

46、been filming （2013南京二模）77. -the heavy snow hasnt caused any inconvenience to people in nanjing，has it？-yes. just imagine the city with nearly 20 centimeters of snow one night. a. has been hit b. was hit c. had been hit d. is hit （2013南京二模） 78. since the band announced the release of their new album，

47、the phone hasnt stopped ringing. many fans to ask about the exact time. a. were calling b. had called c. are calling d. call (2014 南京二模 )79.-how is your sister? -she _ quite good after the operation, but she is taking a turn for the worse today. 11 a. felt b. feels c. had felt d. has been feeling (2

48、014 南京二模 )80. at sixty, maugham decided to withdraw from the theater and wrote the summer up , in which he tried to review what he _ from his life and literature. a. had learned b. has learned c. was learning d. would learn (2015 南京二模 ) 81. mr. smith let off upon me the speech he_ to make all along.

49、 a. had died b. died c. was dying d. had been dying (2014 南京三模 )82. -what a beautiful river and breathtaking mountains ！-yeah. they make me think i on an alien planet. a. arrive b. arrived c. have arrived d. had arrived (2015 南京二模 ) 83. if people outside china learned a bit about jasmine tea culture

50、, they would realize there_ a lot of enjoyment in it. a. is b. was c. were d. would be (2015 北京)84.did you have difficulty finding ann house? not really. she_us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily? a.was to give b.had given c.was giving d.would give (2015 陕西)85. mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by friday. a. worked b. has been working